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Sustainable Agriculture
Overview
While the term "sustainable agriculture" is not clearly defined, most definitions include four basic goals: adequate food and fiber production; sound environmental stewardship; economic viability; and development of strong rural communities. Sustainable agriculture may be understood as a process of striking a balance among these goals, viewing them as complementary rather than competing.
Read the full overview
Note: Recently added resources are posted at the top of the applicable sections.
Major Statutes
Definitions, 7 U.S.C. § 3103(18)
Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching, 7 U.S.C. §§ 3101-3363
Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education, 7 U.S.C. §§ 5801-5832
Organic Food Production Act of 1990, 7 U.S.C. §§ 6501-6523
National Natural Resources Conservation Foundation, 16 U.S.C. § 5802
2008 Food Conservation and Energy Act of 2008 (H.R.6124)
Conservation Stewardship Program, 7 U.S.C. § 2301
Environmental Quality Incentives Program, 7 U.S.C. § 2501
Agricultural Water Enhancement Program, 7 U.S.C. § 2510
Grassroots Source Water Protection Program, 7 U.S.C. § 2603
Conservation of Private Grazing Lands, 7 U.S.C. § 2601
Great Lakes Basin Program for Erosion and Sediment Control, 7 U.S.C. § 2604
Wildlife Habitat Incentives Program, 7 U.S.C. § 2701
Delivery of Conservation Technical Assistance, 7 U.S.C. § 2706
Cooperative Conservation Partnership Initiative, 7 U.S.C. § 2707
Environmental Service Markets, 7 U.S.C. § 2709
Agricultural Management Assistance Program, 7 U.S.C. § 2801
Resource Conservation & Development Program, 7 U.S.C. § 2805
Integrated Pest Management, 7 U.S.C. § 2001
Conservation Reserve Program Beginning and Socially Disadvantaged Farmers Incentives for
Transition to Sustainable Methods, 7 U.S.C. § 2111
Project to Promote Sustainable Agriculture in Malawi, 7 U.S.C. § 3105
Conservation Loans for Conversion to Sustainable Production Systems, 7 U.S.C. § 5002
Agreements to Promote and Support the Development of a Sustainable Global Agricultural System,
7 U.S.C. § 7130
Grants for the Education of Cranberry Producers about Sustainable Practices, 7 U.S.C. § 7204
Grants for Natural Resources and Environment Studies, 7 U.S.C. § 7406
Grants for Sustainable Forest Management Practices, 7 U.S.C. § 8003
Assistance for Sustainable Domestic Sources of Renewable Biomass, 7 U.S.C. § 9008
Regulations
National Organic Program Regulations, 7 C.F.R. Part 205
National Resources Conservation Service, 7 C.F.R. Parts 600-699
Conservation of Private Grazing Lands, 7 C.F.R. Part 610
Wildlife Habitats Incentives Program, 7 C.F.R. Part 636
Agricultural Management Assistance Program, 7 C.F.R. Part 1465
Environmental Quality Incentives Program, 7 C.F.R. Part 1466
Conservation Security Program (CSP), 7 C.F.R. Part 1469
Case Law
Case Law Index for Sustainable Agriculture
Administrative Law Decisions
Office of Administrative Law Judges
Center Published USDA Judicial Officer Decisions
Center Research Publications
Mississippi Direct Farm Business Guide (Tarr, Cunningham & Rumley)
General Legal Issues for Community Farmers Market Managers to Consider (Crocker)
Federal Regulation of Organic Food: A Research Guide for Legal Practitioners and Food Industry Professionals (Jillian)
The Farmers' Legal Guide to Producer Marketing Associations (O'Brien, Hamilton, & Leudemann)
Biofuels: Policy and Business Organization Issues (O'Brien)
Farmers Markets: Rules, Regulations and Opportunities (Hamilton)
A Legal Guide to the National Organic Program (Pittman)
Biodiversity and Law: The Culture of Agriculture and the Nature of Nature Conservation (Harbison)
The Conservation Security Program and the Grassland Reserve Program Under the 2002 Farm Bill (Pittman)
Congressional Research Service Reports
CRS Subject(s):
Animal Agriculture
Climate Change
Energy
Environmental Issues
Farm Bills/Economic Stimulus
Farm Labor
Food Safety
Food Security/Aid
Rural Development
Sustainable and Organic Farming
Agricultural Law Bibliography
Introduction | Keyword Search | Browse Categories
Legal publications on Sustainable Agriculture:
Food and Drug Law
Fruits and Vegetables - Perishable Agricultural Commodities
Hunger and Food Security Issues
Hunting, Recreation and Wildlife
Land Use Regulation
Pesticides, Herbicides, Insecticides, Fungicides, Fertilizers
Sustainable and Organic Farming
Water Rights; Agriculturally Related
Reference Resources
Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS)
National Organic Program
Commodity Purchasing
Wholesale and Farmers Markets
Agricultural Research Service (ARS)
National Research Program: Natural Resources and Sustainable Agricultural Systems
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)
Publication: Ecology and Management of Rodents in No-Till Agriculture in Washington, USA (2007)
Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (CSREES)
Agricultural Systems
Natural Resources & Environment
Pest Management
Plants & Plant Products
Small Farm Resource Guide
Technology & Engineering
Newsroom: The Healthy Grown Label: Healthy Food and Healthy Land
Economic Research Service (ERS)
Key Topics: Farm Practices & Management
Key Topics: Food & Nutrition Assistance
Key Topics: Natural Resources & Environment
Key Topics: Policy Topics
Conservation & Environmental Policy
Briefing Room: Agricultural Chemicals and Production Technology
Briefing Room: Bioenergy
Briefing Room: Conservation Policy
Briefing Room: Food Security in the United States
Briefing Room: Irrigation and Water Use
Briefing Room: Organic Agriculture
Publication: Using Vertically Coordinated Relationships to Overcome Tight Supply in the Organic Market (2008)
Publication: The Use of Markets to Increase Private Investment in Environmental Stewardship (2008)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Sustainability Topics
Farm Service Agency (FSA)
Conservation Programs
Economic and Policy Analysis
Natural Resources Analysis
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
Questions & Answers: Raw Milk
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HAACP)
National Agricultural Library (NAL)
Alternative Farming Systems Information Center
Publication: Sustainable Agriculture: Definitions and Terms
Food Safety Information Center
Sanitation and Quality Standards
HAACP: Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point
Organic Production
Water Quality Information Center
Agricultural Environmental Management
Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
Agricultural Water Enhancement Program
Conservation Security Program
Environmental Quality Incentives Program
Technical Resources
Office of the Chief Economist
Sustainable Development
Congressional Resources
Agricultural Conservation: USDA Needs to Better Ensure Protection of Highly Erodible Croplands
and Wetlands (Government Accountability Office – GAO, 2003)
Other Federal Resources
Using Vertically Coordinated Relationships to Overcome Tight Supply in the Organic Market (ERS, 2008)
The Use of Markets to Increase Private Investment in Environmental Stewardship
Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (SARE)
Appropriate Technology Transfer for Rural Areas-National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service
(ATTRA-NCAT)
Sustainable Agriculture (USAID)
Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
Training Center - Good Agricultural Practices
Small Farms and Beginning Farmers and Ranchers Policy (2006)
Additional Resources
Sustainable Agriculture Posts (United States Agricultural & Food Law and Policy Blog)
Sustainable Agriculture Coalition
The Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture
Winrock International, Henry A. Wallace Center for Agriculture and Environmental Policy
The Kerr Center for Sustainable Agriculture
University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program
United Nations Division for Sustainable Development
Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources (CSANR, WA St. U.)
The New Agriculture Network
Food Alliance
SD Dimensions: Natural Resources Management and Environment Department (FAO)
European Commission: Agriculture and the Environment
Rainforest Alliance
Community Food Security Coalition
Rural Advancement Foundation International - USA
Northeast Organic Farming Association
American Farmland Trust
New England Small Farm Institute
Western Sustainable Agriculture Working Group
Southern Sustainable Agriculture Working Group
Northeast Sustainable Agriculture Working Group
New York Sustainable Agriculture Working Group
California Coalition for Food and Farming
Organic Trade Association
National Center for Home Food Preservation (U. GA)
Fieldprint Calculator (fieldtomarket.org)
Publications
Establishing Land Use Protections for Farmers' Markets (Public Health Law & Policy, 2009)
Establishing Land Use Protections for Community Gardens (Public Health Law & Policy, 2010)
Environmental Resource Indicators for Measuring Outcomes of On-Farm Agricultural Production in the United States,
First Report (Field to Market: The Keystone Alliance for Sustainable Agriculture, 2009)
SARE 20/20: Celebrating Our First 20 Years, Envisioning the Next (SARE, 2009)
When Your Processor Requires More than Organic Certification: Additional Requirements in Organic
Milk Contracts (FLAG, 2008)
Hushed Up: Confidentiality Clauses in Organic Milk Contracts (FLAG, 2008)
A Human Rights Framework for World Food and Nutrition Security (UN General Assembly, 2008)
Disaster Readiness and Recovery: Legal Considerations for Organic Farmers (FLAG, 2007)
Is Your Farm "EQIPed" for Conservation? A Farmers' Guide to Understanding the Environmental Quality
Incentives Program (FLAG, 2007)
Farmers' Guide to Wind Energy: Legal Issues in Farming the Wind (FLAG, 2007)
Negotiating Wind Energy Property Agreements (FLAG, 2007)
Conserving Fuel on the Farm (ATTRA, 2007)
If Your Farm Is Organic, Must It Be GMO-Free? Organic Farmers, Genetically Modified Organisms,
and the Law (FLAG, 2007)
Understanding Farmers' Market Rules (FLAG, 2006)
The Relevance of Family Farms Today (FLAG, 2006)
Community Wind: A Review of Select State and Federal Policy Incentives (FLAG, 2006)
Of Affected Acres and Alternative Markets: Which Way for Organic Farmers? (FLAG CLE seminar, 2006)
Future Issues in Agricultural Law and Rural Practice (FLAG CLE seminar, 2006)
Before You Sign on the Dotted Line…Questions for Farmers to Ask Before Entering Into a Direct Marketing
Agreement (FLAG, 2005)
Sustainable Agriculture: An Introduction (Earles, ATTRA, 2005)
Building Better Rural Places: Federal Programs for Sustainable Agriculture, Forestry, Entrepreneurship,
Conservation and Community Development (Krome et al., USDA et al., 2005)
Sustainable Agriculture Network, Manage Insects on Your Farm: A Guide to Ecological Strategies
(Altieri, 2005)
Rising Energy Prices and Iowa Farmers (Duffy & Smith, 2005)
External Costs of Agricultural Production in the United States (Tegtmeier & Duffy, 2004)
Farmers' Guide to GMOs, Second Edition (FLAG, 2009)
Applying the Principles of Sustainable Farming (Sullivan, ATTRA, 2003)
Workshop Report, Trilateral Cooperation to Promote the Protection of Water Quality Through
Sustainable Agriculture (IISD, 2003)
Building a Sustainable Business: A Guide to Developing a Business Plan for Farms and Rural
Businesses (MN Institute for Sustainable Agriculture & Sustainable Agriculture Network, 2003)
Efficient Agricultural Buildings: An Overview (ATTRA, 2002)
Sustainable Agriculture Network, Building Soils for Better Crops (Magdoff & van Es, 2000)
Exploring Sustainability in Agriculture (SARE)
Recommended Publications & Readings (not freely available electronically)
Soil Not Oil: Environmental Justice in a Time of Climate Crisis, Vandana Shiva (South End Press 2008)
Self-Sufficient Agriculture: Labour and Knowledge in Small-Scale Farming, Robert Tripp (Earthscan, 2006)
The Earthscan Reader in Sustainable Agriculture, Jules N. Pretty (Earthscan, 2005)
Sustainable Management of Soil Organic Matter, Robert M. Rees (CABI Pub., 2001)
Food Sustainability: Diverging Implications, Chris Griffith (Emerald Group, 2004)
Agri-Culture: Reconnecting People, Land and Nature, Jules N. Pretty (Earthscan, 2002)
Farming in the Dark: A Discussion About the Future of Sustainable Agriculture,
Rhonda Rae Janke (University Readers, 2008)
The Conversion to Sustainable Agriculture: Principles, Processes, and Practices, Stephen R. Gliessman (CRC, 2008)
Crisis & Opportunity: Sustainability in American Agriculture, John E. Ikerd (University of Nebraska Press, 2008)
Farming and the Fate of Wild Nature: Essays in Conservation-Based Agriculture, Dan Imhoff (Watershed Media, 2006)
From the Farm to the Table: What All Americans Need to Know About Agriculture, Gary H. Holthaus
(University Press of Kentucky, 2006)
Together at the Table: Sustainability and Sustenance in the American Agrifood System, Patricia Allen (Pennsylvania State University Press,
Published in Cooperation with the Rural Sociological Society, 2004)
Farming For Us All: Practical Agriculture & the Cultivation of Sustainability, Michael Bell (Pennsylvania State University Press, 2004)
The United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development, Joseph Tornberg, 17 N.Y.L. Sch. J. Hum. Rts. 957 (2001)
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