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             FARM SECURITY AND RURAL INVESTMENT ACT OF 2002

[[Page 116 STAT. 134]]

Public Law 107-171
107th Congress

                                 An Act


 
To provide for the continuation of agricultural programs through fiscal 
    year 2007, and for other purposes. <<NOTE: May 13, 2002 -  [H.R. 
                                2646]>> 

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress <<NOTE: Farm Security and Rural 
Investment Act of 2002.>> assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) <<NOTE: 7 USC 7901 note.>>  Short Title.--This Act may be cited 
as the ``Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002''.

    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

                       TITLE I--COMMODITY PROGRAMS

Sec. 1001. Definitions.

        Subtitle A--Direct Payments and Counter-Cyclical Payments

Sec. 1101. Establishment of base acres and payment acres for a farm.
Sec. 1102. Establishment of payment yield.
Sec. 1103. Availability of direct payments.
Sec. 1104. Availability of counter-cyclical payments.
Sec. 1105. Producer agreement required as condition of provision of 
           direct 
           payments and counter-cyclical payments.
Sec. 1106. Planting flexibility.
Sec. 1107. Relation to remaining payment authority under production 
           flexibility contracts.
Sec. 1108. Period of effectiveness.

   Subtitle B--Marketing Assistance Loans and Loan Deficiency Payments

Sec. 1201. Availability of nonrecourse marketing assistance loans for 
           loan commodities.
Sec. 1202. Loan rates for nonrecourse marketing assistance loans.
Sec. 1203. Term of loans.
Sec. 1204. Repayment of loans.
Sec. 1205. Loan deficiency payments.
Sec. 1206. Payments in lieu of loan deficiency payments for grazed 
           acreage.
Sec. 1207. Special marketing loan provisions for upland cotton.
Sec. 1208. Special competitive provisions for extra long staple cotton.
Sec. 1209. Availability of recourse loans for high moisture feed grains 
           and seed 
           cotton.

                           Subtitle C--Peanuts

Sec. 1301. Definitions.
Sec. 1302. Establishment of payment yield and base acres for peanuts for 
           a farm.
Sec. 1303. Availability of direct payments for peanuts.
Sec. 1304. Availability of counter-cyclical payments for peanuts.
Sec. 1305. Producer agreement required as condition on provision of 
           direct 
           payments and counter-cyclical payments.
Sec. 1306. Planting flexibility.
Sec. 1307. Marketing assistance loans and loan deficiency payments for 
           peanuts.
Sec. 1308. Miscellaneous provisions.
Sec. 1309. Termination of marketing quota programs for peanuts and 
           compensation to peanut quota holders for loss of quota asset 
           value.

[[Page 116 STAT. 135]]

Sec. 1310. Repeal of superseded price support authority and effect of 
           repeal.

                            Subtitle D--Sugar

Sec. 1401. Sugar program.
Sec. 1402. Storage facility loans.
Sec. 1403. Flexible marketing allotments for sugar.

                            Subtitle E--Dairy

Sec. 1501. Milk price support program.
Sec. 1502. National dairy market loss payments.
Sec. 1503. Dairy export incentive and dairy indemnity programs.
Sec. 1504. Dairy product mandatory reporting.
Sec. 1505. Funding of dairy promotion and research program.
Sec. 1506. Fluid milk promotion.
Sec. 1507. Study of national dairy policy.
Sec. 1508. Studies of effects of changes in approach to national dairy 
           policy and fluid milk identity standards.

                       Subtitle F--Administration

Sec. 1601. Administration generally.
Sec. 1602. Suspension of permanent price support authority.
Sec. 1603. Payment limitations.
Sec. 1604. Adjusted gross income limitation.
Sec. 1605. Commission on application of payment limitations.
Sec. 1606. Adjustments of loans.
Sec. 1607. Personal liability of producers for deficiencies.
Sec. 1608. Extension of existing administrative authority regarding 
           loans.
Sec. 1609. Commodity Credit Corporation Inventory.
Sec. 1610. Reserve stock level.
Sec. 1611. Farm reconstitutions.
Sec. 1612. Assignment of payments.
Sec. 1613. Equitable relief from ineligibility for loans, payments, or 
           other benefits.
Sec. 1614. Tracking of benefits.
Sec. 1615. Estimates of net farm income.
Sec. 1616. Availability of incentive payments for certain producers.
Sec. 1617. Renewed availability of market loss assistance and certain 
           emergency assistance to persons that failed to receive 
           assistance under earlier authorities.
Sec. 1618. Producer retention of erroneously paid loan deficiency 
           payments and marketing loan gains.

                         TITLE II--CONSERVATION

                    Subtitle A--Conservation Security

Sec. 2001. Conservation security program.
Sec. 2002. Conservation compliance.
Sec. 2003. Partnerships and cooperation.
Sec. 2004. Administrative requirements for conservation programs.
Sec. 2005. Reform and assessment of conservation programs.
Sec. 2006. Conforming amendments.

                    Subtitle B--Conservation Reserve

Sec. 2101. Conservation reserve program.

                  Subtitle C--Wetlands Reserve Program

Sec. 2201. Reauthorization.
Sec. 2202. Enrollment.
Sec. 2203. Easements and agreements.
Sec. 2204. Changes in ownership; agreement modification; termination.

              Subtitle D--Environmental Quality Incentives

Sec. 2301. Environmental quality incentives program.

                      Subtitle E--Grassland Reserve

Sec. 2401. Grassland reserve program.

                 Subtitle F--Other Conservation Programs

Sec. 2501. Agricultural management assistance.
Sec. 2502. Grazing, wildlife habitat incentive, source water protection, 
           and Great Lakes basin programs.

[[Page 116 STAT. 136]]

Sec. 2503. Farmland protection program.
Sec. 2504. Resource conservation and development program.
Sec. 2505. Small watershed rehabilitation program.
Sec. 2506. Use of symbols, slogans, and logos.
Sec. 2507. Desert terminal lakes.

         Subtitle G--Conservation Corridor Demonstration Program

Sec. 2601. Definitions.
Sec. 2602. Conservation corridor demonstration program.
Sec. 2603. Implementation of conservation corridor plan.
Sec. 2604. Funding requirements.

                 Subtitle H--Funding and Administration

Sec. 2701. Funding and administration.
Sec. 2702. Regulations.

                            TITLE III--TRADE

 Subtitle A--Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954 
                          and Related Statutes

Sec. 3001. United States policy.
Sec. 3002. Provision of agricultural commodities.
Sec. 3003. Generation and use of currencies by private voluntary 
           organizations and cooperatives.
Sec. 3004. Levels of assistance.
Sec. 3005. Food Aid Consultative Group.
Sec. 3006. Maximum level of expenditures.
Sec. 3007. Administration.
Sec. 3008. Assistance for stockpiling and rapid transportation, 
           delivery, and distribution of shelf-stable prepackaged foods.
Sec. 3009. Sale procedure.
Sec. 3010. Prepositioning.
Sec. 3011. Transportation and related costs.
Sec. 3012. Expiration date.
Sec. 3013. Micronutrient fortification programs.
Sec. 3014. John Ogonowski Farmer-to-Farmer Program.

               Subtitle B--Agricultural Trade Act of 1978

Sec. 3101. Exporter assistance initiative.
Sec. 3102. Export credit guarantee program.
Sec. 3103. Market access program.
Sec. 3104. Export enhancement program.
Sec. 3105. Foreign market development cooperator program.
Sec. 3106. Food for progress.
Sec. 3107. McGovern-Dole International Food for Education and Child 
           Nutrition Program.

                        Subtitle C--Miscellaneous

Sec. 3201. Surplus commodities for developing or friendly countries.
Sec. 3202. Bill Emerson Humanitarian Trust Act.
Sec. 3203. Emerging markets.
Sec. 3204. Biotechnology and agricultural trade program.
Sec. 3205. Technical assistance for specialty crops.
Sec. 3206. Global market strategy.
Sec. 3207. Report on use of perishable commodities and live animals.
Sec. 3208. Study on fee for services.
Sec. 3209. Sense of Congress concerning foreign assistance programs.
Sec. 3210. Sense of the Senate concerning agricultural trade.

                      TITLE IV--NUTRITION PROGRAMS

Sec. 4001. Short title.

                     Subtitle A--Food Stamp Program

Sec. 4101. Encouragement of payment of child support.
Sec. 4102. Simplified definition of income.
Sec. 4103. Standard deduction.
Sec. 4104. Simplified utility allowance.
Sec. 4105. Simplified determination of housing costs.
Sec. 4106. Simplified determination of deductions.
Sec. 4107. Simplified definition of resources.

[[Page 116 STAT. 137]]

Sec. 4108. Alternative issuance systems in disasters.
Sec. 4109. State option to reduce reporting requirements.
Sec. 4110. Cost neutrality for electronic benefit transfer systems.
Sec. 4111. Report on electronic benefit transfer systems.
Sec. 4112. Alternative procedures for residents of certain group 
           facilities.
Sec. 4113. Redemption of benefits through group living arrangements.
Sec. 4114. Availability of food stamp program applications on the 
           Internet.
Sec. 4115. Transitional food stamps for families moving from welfare.
Sec. 4116. Grants for simple application and eligibility determination 
           systems and improved access to benefits.
Sec. 4117. Delivery to retailers of notices of adverse action.
Sec. 4118. Reform of quality control system.
Sec. 4119. Improvement of calculation of State performance measures.
Sec. 4120. Bonuses for States that demonstrate high or most improved 
           performance.
Sec. 4121. Employment and training program.
Sec. 4122. Reauthorization of food stamp program and food distribution 
           program on Indian reservations.
Sec. 4123. Expanded grant authority.
Sec. 4124. Consolidated block grants for Puerto Rico and American Samoa.
Sec. 4125. Assistance for community food projects.
Sec. 4126. Availability of commodities for the emergency food assistance 
           program.

                   Subtitle B--Commodity Distribution

Sec. 4201. Commodity supplemental food program.
Sec. 4202. Commodity donations.
Sec. 4203. Distribution of surplus commodities to special nutrition 
           projects.
Sec. 4204. Emergency food assistance.

            Subtitle C--Child Nutrition and Related Programs

Sec. 4301. Commodities for school lunch program.
Sec. 4302. Eligibility for free and reduced price meals.
Sec. 4303. Purchases of locally produced foods.
Sec. 4304. Applicability of Buy-American requirement to Puerto Rico.
Sec. 4305. Fruit and vegetable pilot program.
Sec. 4306. Eligibility for assistance under the special supplemental 
           nutrition program for women, infants, and children.
Sec. 4307. WIC farmers' market nutrition program.

                        Subtitle D--Miscellaneous

Sec. 4401. Partial restoration of benefits to legal immigrants.
Sec. 4402. Seniors farmers' market nutrition program.
Sec. 4403. Nutrition information and awareness pilot program.
Sec. 4404. Hunger fellowship program.
Sec. 4405. General effective date.

                             TITLE V--CREDIT

                    Subtitle A--Farm Ownership Loans

Sec. 5001. Direct loans.
Sec. 5002. Financing of bridge loans.
Sec. 5003. Amount of guarantee of loans for farm operations on tribal 
           lands.
Sec. 5004. Guarantee of loans made under State beginning farmer or 
           rancher programs.
Sec. 5005. Down Payment Loan Program.
Sec. 5006. Beginning farmer and rancher contract land sales program.

                       Subtitle B--Operating Loans

Sec. 5101. Direct loans.
Sec. 5102. Suspension of limitation on period for which borrowers are 
           eligible for guaranteed assistance.

                       Subtitle C--Emergency Loans

Sec. 5201. Emergency loans in response to an emergency resulting from 
           quarantines.

                  Subtitle D--Administrative Provisions

Sec. 5301. Evaluations of direct and guaranteed loan programs.
Sec. 5302. Eligibility of trusts and limited liability companies for 
           farm ownership loans, farm operating loans, and emergency 
           loans.

[[Page 116 STAT. 138]]

Sec. 5303. Debt settlement.
Sec. 5304. Temporary authority to enter into contracts; private 
           collection agencies.
Sec. 5305. Interest rate options for loans in servicing.
Sec. 5306. Elimination of requirement that Secretary require county 
           committees to certify in writing that certain loan reviews 
           have been conducted.
Sec. 5307. Simplified loan guarantee application available for loans of 
           greater amounts.
Sec. 5308. Inventory property.
Sec. 5309. Administration of certified lenders and preferred certified 
           lenders programs.
Sec. 5310. Definitions.
Sec. 5311. Loan authorization levels.
Sec. 5312. Reservation of funds for direct operating loans for beginning 
           farmers and ranchers.
Sec. 5313. Interest rate reduction program.
Sec. 5314. Reamortization of recapture payments.
Sec. 5315. Allocation of certain funds for socially disadvantaged 
           farmers and ranchers.
Sec. 5316. Waiver of borrower training certification requirement.
Sec. 5317. Timing of loan assessments.
Sec. 5318. Annual review of borrowers.
Sec. 5319. Loan eligibility for borrowers with prior debt forgiveness.
Sec. 5320. Making and servicing of loans by personnel of State, county, 
           or area committees.
Sec. 5321. Eligibility of employees of State, county, or area committee 
           for loans and loan guarantees.

                         Subtitle E--Farm Credit

Sec. 5401. Repeal of burdensome approval requirements.
Sec. 5402. Banks for cooperatives.
Sec. 5403. Insurance corporation premiums.

                     Subtitle F--General Provisions

Sec. 5501. Technical amendments.

                       TITLE VI--RURAL DEVELOPMENT

         Subtitle A--Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act

Sec. 6001. Eligibility of rural empowerment zones and rural enterprise 
           communities for direct and guaranteed loans for essential 
           community facilities. 
Sec. 6002. Water or waste disposal grants.
Sec. 6003. Rural business opportunity grants.
Sec. 6004. Child day care facilities.
Sec. 6005. Rural water and wastewater circuit rider program.
Sec. 6006. Multijurisdictional regional planning organizations.
Sec. 6007. Loan guarantees for certain rural development loans.
Sec. 6008. Tribal college and university essential community facilities.
Sec. 6009. Emergency and imminent community water assistance grant 
           program.
Sec. 6010. Water and waste facility grants for Native American tribes.
Sec. 6011. Grants for water systems for rural and native villages in 
           Alaska.
Sec. 6012. Grants to nonprofit organizations to finance the 
           construction, refurbishing, and servicing of individually-
           owned household water well systems in rural areas for 
           individuals with low or moderate incomes.
Sec. 6013. Loans and loan guarantees for renewable energy systems.
Sec. 6014. Rural business enterprise grants.
Sec. 6015. Rural cooperative development grants.
Sec. 6016. Grants to broadcasting systems.
Sec. 6017. Business and industry loan modifications.
Sec. 6018. Use of rural development loans and grants for other purposes.
Sec. 6019. Simplified application forms for loan guarantees.
Sec. 6020. Definition of rural and rural area.
Sec. 6021. National Rural Development Partnership.
Sec. 6022. Rural telework.
Sec. 6023. Historic barn preservation.
Sec. 6024. Grants for NOAA weather radio transmitters.
Sec. 6025. Grants to train farm workers in new technologies and to train 
           farm workers in specialized skills necessary for higher value 
           crops.
Sec. 6026. Rural community advancement program.
Sec. 6027. Delta Regional Authority.
Sec. 6028. Northern Great Plains Regional Authority.

[[Page 116 STAT. 139]]

Sec. 6029. Rural business investment program.
Sec. 6030. Rural strategic investment program.
Sec. 6031. Funding of pending rural development loan and grant 
           applications.

              Subtitle B--Rural Electrification Act of 1936

Sec. 6101. Guarantees for bonds and notes issued for electrification or 
           telephone purposes.
Sec. 6102. Expansion of 911 access.
Sec. 6103. Enhancement of access to broadband service in rural areas.

   Subtitle C--Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990

Sec. 6201. Alternative Agricultural Research and Commercialization 
           Corporation.
Sec. 6202. Rural electronic commerce extension program. 
Sec. 6203. Telemedicine and distance learning services in rural areas.

             Subtitle D--SEARCH Grants for Small Communities

Sec. 6301. Definitions.
Sec. 6302. SEARCH grant program.
Sec. 6303. Report.
Sec. 6304. Funding.

                        Subtitle E--Miscellaneous

Sec. 6401. Value-added agricultural product market development grants.
Sec. 6402. Agriculture innovation center demonstration program.
Sec. 6403. Fund for Rural America.
Sec. 6404. Rural local television broadcast signal loan guarantees.
Sec. 6405. Rural firefighters and emergency personnel grant program.
Sec. 6406. Sense of Congress on rural policy coordination. 

                 TITLE VII--RESEARCH AND RELATED MATTERS

                         Subtitle A--Extensions

Sec. 7101. National rural information center clearinghouse.
Sec. 7102. Grants and fellowships for food and agricultural sciences 
           education.
Sec. 7103. Policy research centers.
Sec. 7104. Human nutrition intervention and health promotion research 
           program.
Sec. 7105. Pilot research program to combine medical and agricultural 
           research.
Sec. 7106. Nutrition education program.
Sec. 7107. Continuing animal health and disease research programs.
Sec. 7108. Appropriations for research on national or regional problems.
Sec. 7109. Grants to upgrade agricultural and food sciences facilities 
           at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University.
Sec. 7110. National research and training virtual centers.
Sec. 7111. Hispanic-serving institutions.
Sec. 7112. Competitive grants for international agricultural science and 
           education programs.
Sec. 7113. University research.
Sec. 7114. Extension service.
Sec. 7115. Supplemental and alternative crops.
Sec. 7116. Aquaculture research facilities.
Sec. 7117. Rangeland research.
Sec. 7118. National genetics resources program.
Sec. 7119. High-priority research and extension initiatives.
Sec. 7120. Nutrient management research and extension initiative.
Sec. 7121. Agricultural telecommunications program.
Sec. 7122. Assistive technology program for farmers with disabilities.
Sec. 7123. Partnerships for high-value agricultural product quality 
           research.
Sec. 7124. Biobased products.
Sec. 7125. Integrated research, education, and extension competitive 
           grants program.
Sec. 7126. Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994.
Sec. 7127. 1994 Institution research grants.
Sec. 7128. Endowment for 1994 Institutions.
Sec. 7129. Precision agriculture.
Sec. 7130. Thomas Jefferson Initiative for crop diversification.
Sec. 7131. Support for research regarding diseases of wheat, triticale, 
           and barley caused by fusarium graminearum or by tilletia 
           indica.
Sec. 7132. Office of Pest Management Policy.
Sec. 7133. National Agricultural Research, Extension, Education, and 
           Economics Advisory Board.
Sec. 7134. Grants for research on production and marketing of alcohols 
           and industrial hydrocarbons from agricultural commodities and 
           forest products.

[[Page 116 STAT. 140]]

Sec. 7135. Agricultural experiment stations research facilities.
Sec. 7136. Competitive, special, and facilities research grants national 
           research initiative.
Sec. 7137. Federal agricultural research facilities authorization of 
           appropriations.
Sec. 7138. Critical agricultural materials research.
Sec. 7139. Aquaculture.

                        Subtitle B--Modifications

Sec. 7201. Equity in Educational Land-Grant Status Act of 1994.
Sec. 7202. Carryover for experiment stations.
Sec. 7203. Authorization percentages for research and extension formula 
           funds.
Sec. 7204. Carryover for eligible institutions.
Sec. 7205. Initiative for future agriculture and food systems.
Sec. 7206. Eligibility for integrated grants program.
Sec. 7207. Agricultural Research, Extension, and Education Reform Act of 
           1998.
Sec. 7208. Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990.
Sec. 7209. National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching 
           Policy Act of 1977.
Sec. 7210. Biotechnology risk assessment research.
Sec. 7211. Competitive, special, and facilities research grants.
Sec. 7212. Matching funds requirement for research and extension 
           activities of 1890 Institutions.
Sec. 7213. Matching requirements for research and extension formula 
           funds for insular area land-grant institutions.
Sec. 7214. Definition of food and agricultural sciences.
Sec. 7215. Federal Extension Service.
Sec. 7216. Policy research centers.
Sec. 7217. Availability of competitive grant funds.
Sec. 7218. Organic agriculture research and extension initiative.
Sec. 7219. Senior scientific research service.
Sec. 7220. Termination of certain schedule a appointments.
Sec. 7221. Biosecurity planning and response programs.
Sec. 7222. Indirect costs for small business innovation research grants.
Sec. 7223. Carbon cycle research.

        Subtitle C--Repeal of Certain Activities and Authorities

Sec. 7301. Food Safety Research Information Office and National 
           Conference.
Sec. 7302. Reimbursement of expenses under Sheep Promotion, Research, 
           and Information Act of 1994.
Sec. 7303. Market expansion research.
Sec. 7304. National Advisory Board on Agricultural Weather.
Sec. 7305. Agricultural information exchange with Ireland.
Sec. 7306. Pesticide resistance study.
Sec. 7307. Expansion of education study.
Sec. 7308. Task force on 10-year strategic plan for agricultural 
           research facilities.

                       Subtitle D--New Authorities

Sec. 7401. Subtitle definitions.
Sec. 7402. Research equipment grants.
Sec. 7403. Joint requests for proposals.
Sec. 7404. Review of Agricultural Research Service.
Sec. 7405. Beginning farmer and rancher development program.
Sec. 7406. Sense of Congress regarding doubling of funding for 
           agricultural research.
Sec. 7407. Organic production and market data initiatives.
Sec. 7408. International organic research collaboration.
Sec. 7409. Report on producers and handlers of organic agricultural 
           products.
Sec. 7410. Report on genetically modified pest-protected plants.
Sec. 7411. Study of nutrient banking.
Sec. 7412. Grants for youth organizations.

                        Subtitle E--Miscellaneous

Sec. 7501. Resident instruction and distance education at institutions 
           of higher education in United States insular areas.
Sec. 7502. Definitions.
Sec. 7503. Resident instruction and distance education grants program 
           for insular area institutions of higher education.
Sec. 7504. Declaration of extraordinary emergency and resulting 
           authorities.
Sec. 7505. Agricultural biotechnology research and development for 
           developing countries.
Sec. 7506. Land acquisition authority, national peanut research 
           laboratory, Dawson, Georgia.

[[Page 116 STAT. 141]]

                          TITLE VIII--FORESTRY

         Subtitle A--Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978

Sec. 8001. Repeal of forestry incentives program and stewardship 
           incentive program.
Sec. 8002. Establishment of forest land enhancement program.
Sec. 8003. Enhanced community fire protection.

                  Subtitle B--Amendments to Other Laws

Sec. 8101. Sustainable forestry outreach initiative; renewable resources 
           extension activities.
Sec. 8102. Office of International Forestry.

                  Subtitle C--Miscellaneous Provisions

Sec. 8201. McIntire-Stennis cooperative forestry research program.

                            TITLE IX--ENERGY

Sec. 9001. Definitions.
Sec. 9002. Federal procurement of biobased products.
Sec. 9003. Biorefinery development grants.
Sec. 9004. Biodiesel fuel education program.
Sec. 9005. Energy audit and renewable energy development program.
Sec. 9006. Renewable energy systems and energy efficiency improvements.
Sec. 9007. Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies.
Sec. 9008. Biomass research and development.
Sec. 9009. Cooperative research and extension projects.
Sec. 9010. Continuation of bioenergy program.

                         TITLE X--MISCELLANEOUS

                       Subtitle A--Crop Insurance

Sec. 10001. Equal crop insurance treatment of potatoes and sweet 
           potatoes.
Sec. 10002. Continuous coverage.
Sec. 10003. Quality loss adjustment procedures.
Sec. 10004. Adjusted gross revenue insurance pilot program.
Sec. 10005. Sense of Congress on expansion of crop insurance coverage.
Sec. 10006. Report on specialty crop insurance.

                     Subtitle B--Disaster Assistance

Sec. 10101. Reference to sea grass and sea oats as crops covered by 
           noninsured crop disaster assistance program.
Sec. 10102. Emergency grants to assist low-income migrant and seasonal 
           farmworkers.
Sec. 10103. Emergency loans for seed producers.
Sec. 10104. Assistance for livestock producers.
Sec. 10105. Market loss assistance for apple producers.
Sec. 10106. Market loss assistance for onion producers.
Sec. 10107. Commercial fisheries failure.
Sec. 10108. Study of feasibility of producer indemnification from 
           Government-caused disasters.

                   Subtitle C--Tree Assistance Program

Sec. 10201. Definitions.
Sec. 10202. Eligibility.
Sec. 10203. Assistance.
Sec. 10204. Limitations on assistance.
Sec. 10205. Authorization of appropriations.

                       Subtitle D--Animal Welfare

Sec. 10301. Definition of animal under the Animal Welfare Act.
Sec. 10302. Prohibition on interstate movement of animals for animal 
           fighting.
Sec. 10303. Penalties and foreign commerce provisions of the Animal 
           Welfare Act.
Sec. 10304. Report on rats, mice, and birds.
Sec. 10305. Enforcement of Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1958.

                  Subtitle E--Animal Health Protection

Sec. 10401. Short title.
Sec. 10402. Findings.
Sec. 10403. Definitions.
Sec. 10404. Restriction on importation or entry.

[[Page 116 STAT. 142]]

Sec. 10405. Exportation.
Sec. 10406. Interstate movement.
Sec. 10407. Seizure, quarantine, and disposal.
Sec. 10408. Inspections, seizures, and warrants.
Sec. 10409. Detection, control, and eradication of diseases and pests.
Sec. 10410. Veterinary accreditation program.
Sec. 10411. Cooperation.
Sec. 10412. Reimbursable agreements.
Sec. 10413. Administration and claims.
Sec. 10414. Penalties.
Sec. 10415. Enforcement.
Sec. 10416. Regulations and orders.
Sec. 10417. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 10418. Repeals and conforming amendments.

                          Subtitle F--Livestock

Sec. 10501. Transportation of poultry and other animals.
Sec. 10502. Swine contractors.
Sec. 10503. Right to discuss terms of contract.
Sec. 10504. Veterinary training.
Sec. 10505. Pseudorabies eradication program.

                       Subtitle G--Specialty Crops

Sec. 10601. Marketing orders for caneberries.
Sec. 10602. Availability of section 32 funds.
Sec. 10603. Purchase of specialty crops.
Sec. 10604. Protection for purchasers of farm products.
Sec. 10605. Farmers' market promotion program.
Sec. 10606. National organic certification cost-share program.
Sec. 10607. Exemption of certified organic products from assessments.
Sec. 10608. Cranberry acreage reserve program.

                       Subtitle H--Administration

Sec. 10701. Initial rate of basic pay for employees of county 
           committees.
Sec. 10702. Commodity Futures Trading Commission pay comparability.
Sec. 10703. Overtime and holiday pay.
Sec. 10704. Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for Civil Rights.
Sec. 10705. Operation of Graduate School of Department of Agriculture.
Sec. 10706. Implementation funding and information management.
Sec. 10707. Outreach and assistance for socially disadvantaged farmers 
           and ranchers.
Sec. 10708. Transparency and accountability for socially disadvantaged 
           farmers and ranchers; public disclosure requirements for 
           county committee elections.

                     Subtitle I--General Provisions

Sec. 10801. Cotton classification services.
Sec. 10802. Program of public education regarding use of biotechnology 
           in producing food for human consumption.
Sec. 10803. Chino Dairy Preserve Project.
Sec. 10804. Grazinglands Research Laboratory.
Sec. 10805. Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute.
Sec. 10806. Market names for catfish and ginseng.
Sec. 10807. Food Safety Commission.
Sec. 10808. Pasteurization.
Sec. 10809. Rulemaking on labeling of irradiated food; certain 
           petitions.
Sec. 10810. Penalties for violations of Plant Protection Act.
Sec. 10811. Preclearance quarantine inspections.
Sec. 10812. Connecticut River Atlantic Salmon Commission.
Sec. 10813. Pine Point School.
Sec. 10814. 7-month extension of chapter 12 of title 11 of the United 
           States Code.
Sec. 10815. Practices involving nonambulatory livestock.
Sec. 10816. Country of origin labeling.

              Subtitle J--Miscellaneous Studies and Reports

Sec. 10901. Report on specialty crop purchases.
Sec. 10902. Report on pouched and canned salmon.
Sec. 10903. Study on updating yields.
Sec. 10904. Report on effect of farm program payments.
Sec. 10905. Chiloquin Dam fish passage feasibility study.

[[Page 116 STAT. 143]]

Sec. 10906. Report on geographically disadvantaged farmers and ranchers.
Sec. 10907. Studies on agricultural research and technology.
Sec. 10908. Report on tobacco settlement agreement.
Sec. 10909. Report on sale and use of pesticides for agricultural uses.
Sec. 10910. Review of operation of agricultural and natural resource 
           programs on tribal trust land.

                       TITLE I--COMMODITY PROGRAMS

SEC. 1001. DEFINITIONS. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7901.>> 

    In this title (other than subtitle C):
            (1) Agricultural act of 1949.--The term ``Agricultural Act 
        of 1949'' means the Agricultural Act of 1949 (7 U.S.C. 1421 et 
        seq.), as in effect prior to the suspensions under section 171 
        of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 
        U.S.C. 7301).
            (2) Base acres.--The term ``base acres'', with respect to a 
        covered commodity on a farm, means the number of acres 
        established under section 1101 with respect to the covered 
        commodity on the election made by the owner of the farm under 
        subsection (a) of such section.
            (3) Counter-cyclical payment.--The term ``counter-cyclical 
        payment'' means a payment made to producers on a farm under 
        section 1104.
            (4) Covered commodity.--The term ``covered commodity'' means 
        wheat, corn, grain sorghum, barley, oats, upland cotton, rice, 
        soybeans, and other oilseeds.
            (5) Direct payment.--The term ``direct payment'' means a 
        payment made to producers on a farm under section 1103.
            (6) Effective price.--The term ``effective price'', with 
        respect to a covered commodity for a crop year, means the price 
        calculated by the Secretary under section 1104 to determine 
        whether counter-cyclical payments are required to be made for 
        that crop year.
            (7) Extra long staple cotton.--The term ``extra long staple 
        cotton'' means cotton that--
                    (A) is produced from pure strain varieties of the 
                Barbadense species or any hybrid thereof, or other 
                similar types of extra long staple cotton, designated by 
                the Secretary, having characteristics needed for various 
                end uses for which United States upland cotton is not 
                suitable and grown in irrigated cotton-growing regions 
                of the United States designated by the Secretary or 
                other areas designated by the Secretary as suitable for 
                the production of the varieties or types; and
                    (B) is ginned on a roller-type gin or, if authorized 
                by the Secretary, ginned on another type gin for 
                experimental purposes.
            (8) Loan commodity.--The term `loan commodity' means wheat, 
        corn, grain sorghum, barley, oats, upland cotton, extra long 
        staple cotton, rice, soybeans, other oilseeds, wool, mohair, 
        honey, dry peas, lentils, and small chickpeas.
            (9) Other oilseed.--The term ``other oilseed'' means a crop 
        of sunflower seed, rapeseed, canola, safflower, flaxseed, 
        mustard seed, or, if designated by the Secretary, another 
        oilseed.
            (10) Payment acres.--The term ``payment acres'' means 85 
        percent of the base acres of a covered commodity on a

[[Page 116 STAT. 144]]

        farm, as established under section 1101, on which direct 
        payments and counter-cyclical payments are made.
            (11) Payment yield.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``payment yield'' means 
                the yield established under section 1102 for a farm for 
                a covered commodity.
                    (B) Updated payment yield.--The term ``updated 
                payment yield'' means the payment yield elected by the 
                owner of a farm under section 1102(e) to be used in 
                calculating the counter-cyclical payments for the farm.
            (12) Producer.--The term ``producer'' means an owner, 
        operator, landlord, tenant, or sharecropper that shares in the 
        risk of producing a crop and is entitled to share in the crop 
        available for marketing from the farm, or would have shared had 
        the crop been produced. In determining whether a grower of 
        hybrid seed is a producer, the Secretary shall not take into 
        consideration the existence of a hybrid seed contract and shall 
        ensure that program requirements do not adversely affect the 
        ability of the grower to receive a payment under this title.
            (13) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.
            (14) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the several 
        States of the United States, the District of Columbia, the 
        Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any other territory or 
        possession of the United States.
            (15) Target price.--The term ``target price'' means the 
        price per bushel (or other appropriate unit in the case of 
        upland cotton, rice, and other oilseeds) of a covered commodity 
        used to determine the payment rate for counter-cyclical 
        payments.
            (16) United states.--The term ``United States'', when used 
        in a geographical sense, means all of the States.

        Subtitle A--Direct Payments and Counter-Cyclical Payments

SEC. 1101. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7911.>>  ESTABLISHMENT OF BASE ACRES AND 
            PAYMENT ACRES FOR A FARM.

    (a) Election by Owner of Base Acres Calculation Method.--
            (1) Alternative calculation methods.--For the purpose of 
        making direct payments and counter-cyclical payments with 
        respect to a farm, the Secretary shall give an owner of the farm 
        an opportunity to elect 1 of the following as the method by 
        which the base acres of all covered commodities on the farm are 
        to be determined:
                    (A) Subject to paragraphs (3) and (4), the 4-year 
                average of the following:
                          (i) Acreage planted on the farm to covered 
                      commodities for harvest, grazing, haying, silage, 
                      or other similar purposes for the 1998 through 
                      2001 crop years.
                          (ii) Any acreage on the farm that the 
                      producers were prevented from planting during the 
                      1998 through 2001 crop years to covered 
                      commodities because of

[[Page 116 STAT. 145]]

                      drought, flood, or other natural disaster, or 
                      other condition beyond the control of the 
                      producers, as determined by the Secretary.
                    (B) Subject to paragraph (3), the sum of the 
                following:
                          (i) The contract acreage (as defined in 
                      section 102 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement 
                      and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7202)) used by 
                      the Secretary to calculate the fiscal year 2002 
                      payment authorized under section 114 of such Act 
                      (7 U.S.C. 7214) for the covered commodities on the 
                      farm.
                          (ii) The 4-year average of eligible oilseed 
                      acreage on the farm for the 1998 through 2001 crop 
                      years, as determined by the Secretary under 
                      paragraph (2).
            (2) Eligible oilseed acreage.--
                    (A) Calculation.--For purposes of paragraph 
                (1)(B)(ii), the eligible acreage for each oilseed on a 
                farm during each of the 1998 through 2001 crop years 
                shall be determined in the manner provided in paragraph 
                (1)(A), except that the total acreage for all oilseeds 
                on the farm for a crop year may not exceed the 
                difference between--
                          (i) the total acreage determined under 
                      paragraph (1)(A) for all covered commodities for 
                      that crop year; and
                          (ii) the total contract acreage determined 
                      under paragraph (1)(B)(i).
                    (B) Effect of negative number.--If the subtraction 
                performed under subparagraph (A) results in a negative 
                number, the eligible oilseed acreage on the farm for 
                that crop year shall be zero for purposes of determining 
                the 4-year average.
                    (C) Offset of contract acreage.--The owner of a farm 
                may increase the eligible acreage for an oilseed on the 
                farm by reducing the contract acreage determined under 
                paragraph (1)(B)(i) for 1 or more covered commodities on 
                an acre-for-acre basis, except that the total base 
                acreage for each oilseed on the farm may not exceed the 
                4-year average of each oilseed determined under 
                paragraph (1)(B)(ii).
            (3) Inclusion of all 4 years in average.--For the purpose of 
        determining a 4-year acreage average under this subsection for a 
        farm, the Secretary shall not exclude any crop year in which a 
        covered commodity was not planted.
            (4) Treatment of multiple planting or prevented planting.--
        For the purpose of determining under paragraph (1)(A) the 
        acreage on a farm that producers planted or were prevented from 
        planting during the 1998 through 2001 crop years to covered 
        commodities, if the acreage that was planted or prevented from 
        being planted was devoted to another covered commodity in the 
        same crop year (other than a covered commodity produced under an 
        established practice of double cropping), the owner may elect 
        the commodity to be used for that crop year in determining the 
        4-year average, but may not include both the initial commodity 
        and the subsequent commodity.

    (b) Single Election; Time for Election.--
            (1) Notice of election opportunity.--As soon as practicable 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary

[[Page 116 STAT. 146]]

        shall provide notice to owners of farms regarding their 
        opportunity to make the election described in subsection (a). 
        The notice shall include the following:
                    (A) Notice that the opportunity of an owner to make 
                the election is being provided only once.
                    (B) Information regarding the manner in which the 
                election must be made and the time periods and manner in 
                which notice of the election must be submitted to the 
                Secretary.
            (2) Election deadline.--Within the time period and in the 
        manner prescribed pursuant to paragraph (1), the owner of a farm 
        shall submit to the Secretary notice of the election made by the 
        owner under subsection (a).

    (c) Effect of Failure To Make Election.--If the owner of a farm 
fails to make the election under subsection (a) or fails to timely 
notify the Secretary of the election made, as required by subsection 
(b), the owner shall be deemed to have made the election described in 
subsection (a)(1)(B) to determine base acres for all covered commodities 
on the farm.
    (d) Application of Election to All Covered Commodities.--The 
election made under subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(1), or 
deemed to be made under subsection (c), with respect to a farm shall 
apply to all of the covered commodities on the farm.
    (e) Treatment of Conservation Reserve Contract Acreage.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for an 
        adjustment, as appropriate, in the base acres for covered 
        commodities for a farm whenever either of the following 
        circumstances occurs:
                    (A) A conservation reserve contract entered into 
                under section 1231 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
                U.S.C. 3831) with respect to the farm expires or is 
                voluntarily terminated.
                    (B) Cropland is released from coverage under a 
                conservation reserve contract by the Secretary.
            (2) Special payment rules.--For the crop year in which a 
        base acres adjustment under paragraph (1) is first made, the 
        owner of the farm shall elect to receive either direct payments 
        and counter-cyclical payments with respect to the acreage added 
        to the farm under this subsection or a prorated payment under 
        the conservation reserve contract, but not both.

    (f) Payment Acres.--The payment acres for a covered commodity on a 
farm shall be equal to 85 percent of the base acres for the covered 
commodity.

    (g) Prevention of Excess Base Acres.--
            (1) Required reduction.--If the sum of the base acres for a 
        farm, together with the acreage described in paragraph (2), 
        exceeds the actual cropland acreage of the farm, the Secretary 
        shall reduce the base acres for 1 or more covered commodities 
        for the farm or the base acres for peanuts for the farm under 
        subtitle C so that the sum of the base acres and acreage 
        described in paragraph (2) does not exceed the actual cropland 
        acreage of the farm.
            (2) Other acreage.--For purposes of paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall include the following:

[[Page 116 STAT. 147]]

                    (A) Any base acres for peanuts for the farm under 
                subtitle C.
                    (B) Any acreage on the farm enrolled in the 
                conservation reserve program or wetlands reserve program 
                under chapter 1 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food 
                Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3830 et seq.).
                    (C) Any other acreage on the farm enrolled in a 
                conservation program for which payments are made in 
                exchange for not producing an agricultural commodity on 
                the acreage.
            (3) Selection of acres.--The Secretary shall give the owner 
        of the farm the opportunity to select the base acres or the base 
        acres for peanuts for the farm under subtitle C against which 
        the reduction required by paragraph (1) will be made.
            (4) Exception for double-cropped acreage.--In applying 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall make an exception in the case 
        of double cropping, as determined by the Secretary.
            (5) Coordinated application of requirements.--The Secretary 
        shall take into account section 1302(f) when applying the 
        requirements of this subsection.

    (h) Permanent Reduction in Base Acres.--The owner of a farm may 
reduce, at any time, the base acres for any covered commodity for the 
farm. The reduction shall be permanent and made in the manner prescribed 
by the Secretary.

SEC. 1102. ESTABLISHMENT OF PAYMENT YIELD.

    (a) Establishment and Purpose.--For the purpose of making direct 
payments and counter-cyclical payments under this subtitle, the 
Secretary shall provide for the establishment of a payment yield for 
each farm for each covered commodity in accordance with this section.
    (b) Use of Farm Program Payment Yield.--Except as otherwise provided 
in this section, the payment yield for each of the 2002 through 2007 
crops of a covered commodity for a farm shall be the farm program 
payment yield established for the 1995 crop of the covered commodity 
under section 505 of the Agricultural Act of 1949 (7 U.S.C. 1465), as 
adjusted by the Secretary to account for any additional yield payments 
made with respect to that crop under section 505(b)(2) of that Act.
    (c) Farms Without Farm Program Payment Yield.--In the case of a farm 
for which a farm program payment yield is unavailable for a covered 
commodity (other than soybeans or other oilseeds), the Secretary shall 
establish an appropriate payment yield for the covered commodity on the 
farm taking into consideration the farm program payment yields 
applicable to the commodity under subsection (b) for similar farms, but 
before the yields for the similar farms are updated as provided in 
subsection (e).
    (d) Payment Yields for Oilseeds.--
            (1) Determination of average yield.--In the case of soybeans 
        and each other oilseed, the Secretary shall determine the 
        average yield per planted acre for the oilseed on a farm for the 
        1998 through 2001 crop years, excluding any crop year in which 
        the acreage planted to the oilseed was zero.
            (2) Adjustment for payment yield.--The payment yield for a 
        farm for an oilseed shall be equal to the product of the 
        following:

[[Page 116 STAT. 148]]

                    (A) The average yield for the oilseed determined 
                under paragraph (1).
                    (B) The ratio resulting from dividing the national 
                average yield for the oilseed for the 1981 through 1985 
                crops by the national average yield for the oilseed for 
                the 1998 through 2001 crops.
            (3) Use of partial county average yield.--If the yield per 
        planted acre for a crop of an oilseed for a farm for any of the 
        1998 through 2001 crop years was less than 75 percent of the 
        county yield for that oilseed, the Secretary shall assign a 
        yield for that crop year equal to 75 percent of the county yield 
        for the purpose of determining the average under paragraph (1).

    (e) Opportunity to Partially Update Yields Used to Determine 
Counter-Cyclical Payments.--
            (1) Election to update.--If the owner of a farm elects to 
        use the base acres calculation method described in section 
        1101(a)(1)(A), the owner shall also have a 1-time opportunity to 
        elect to use 1 of the methods described in paragraph (3) to 
        partially update the payment yields that would otherwise be used 
        in calculating any counter-cyclical payments for covered 
        commodities on the farm.
            (2) Time for election.--The election under paragraph (1) 
        shall be made at the same time and in the same manner as the 
        Secretary prescribes for the election required under section 
        1101.
            (3) Methods of updating yields.--If the owner of a farm 
        elects to update yields under this subsection, the payment yield 
        for a covered commodity on the farm, for the purpose of 
        calculating counter-cyclical payments only, shall be equal to 
        the yield determined using either of the following:
                    (A) The sum of the following:
                          (i) The payment yield applicable for direct 
                      payments for the covered commodity on the farm.
                          (ii) 70 percent of the difference between--
                                    (I) the average yield per planted 
                                acre for the crop of the covered 
                                commodity on the farm for the 1998 
                                through 2001 crop years, as determined 
                                by the Secretary, excluding any crop 
                                year in which the acreage planted to the 
                                crop of the covered commodity was zero; 
                                and
                                    (II) the payment yield applicable 
                                for direct payments for the covered 
                                commodity on the farm.
                    (B) 93.5 percent of the average of the yield per 
                planted acre for the crop of the covered commodity on 
                the farm for the 1998 through 2001 crop years, as 
                determined by the Secretary, excluding any crop year in 
                which the acreage planted to the crop of the covered 
                commodity was zero.
            (4) Use of partial county average yield.--If the yield per 
        planted acre for a crop of the covered commodity for a farm for 
        any of the 1998 through 2001 crop years was less than 75 percent 
        of the county yield for that commodity, the Secretary shall 
        assign a yield for that crop year equal to 75 percent of the 
        county yield for the purpose of determining the average yield 
        under paragraph (3).
            (5) Application of election and method to all covered 
        commodities.--The owner of a farm may not elect the method

[[Page 116 STAT. 149]]

        described in paragraph (3)(A) for 1 covered commodity on the 
        farm and the method described in paragraph (3)(B) for other 
        covered commodities on the farm.

SEC. 1103. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7913.>> AVAILABILITY OF DIRECT PAYMENTS.

    (a) Payment Required.--For each of the 2002 through 2007 crop years 
of each covered commodity, the Secretary shall make direct payments to 
producers on farms for which payment yields and base acres are 
established.
    (b) Payment Rate.--The payment rates used to make direct payments 
with respect to covered commodities for a crop year are as follows:
            (1) Wheat, $0.52 per bushel.
            (2) Corn, $0.28 per bushel.
            (3) Grain sorghum, $0.35 per bushel.
            (4) Barley, $0.24 per bushel.
            (5) Oats, $0.024 per bushel.
            (6) Upland cotton, $0.0667 per pound.
            (7) Rice, $2.35 per hundredweight.
            (8) Soybeans, $0.44 per bushel.
            (9) Other oilseeds, $0.0080 per pound.

    (c) Payment Amount.--The amount of the direct payment to be paid to 
the producers on a farm for a covered commodity for a crop year shall be 
equal to the product of the following:
            (1) The payment rate specified in subsection (b).
            (2) The payment acres of the covered commodity on the farm.
            (3) The payment yield for the covered commodity for the 
        farm.

    (d) Time for Payment.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall make direct payments--
                    (A) in the case of the 2002 crop year, as soon as 
                practicable after the date of enactment of this Act; and
                    (B) in the case of each of the 2003 through 2007 
                crop years, not before October 1 of the calendar year in 
                which the crop of the covered commodity is harvested.
            (2) Advance payments.--At the option of the producers on a 
        farm, up to 50 percent of the direct payment for a covered 
        commodity for any of the 2003 through 2007 crop years shall be 
        paid to the producers in advance. The producers shall select the 
        month within which the advance payment for a crop year will be 
        made. The month selected may be any month during the period 
        beginning on December 1 of the calendar year before the calendar 
        year in which the crop of the covered commodity is harvested 
        through the month within which the direct payment would 
        otherwise be made. The producers may change the selected month 
        for a subsequent advance payment by providing advance notice to 
        the Secretary.
            (3) Repayment of advance payments.--If a producer on a farm 
        that receives an advance direct payment for a crop year ceases 
        to be a producer on that farm, or the extent to which the 
        producer shares in the risk of producing a crop changes, before 
        the date the remainder of the direct payment is made, the 
        producer shall be responsible for repaying the Secretary the 
        applicable amount of the advance payment, as determined by the 
        Secretary.

[[Page 116 STAT. 150]]

SEC. 1104. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7914.>>  AVAILABILITY OF COUNTER-CYCLICAL 
            PAYMENTS.

    (a) Payment Required.--For each of the 2002 through 2007 crop years 
for each covered commodity, the Secretary shall make counter-cyclical 
payments to producers on farms for which payment yields and base acres 
are established with respect to the covered commodity if the Secretary 
determines that the effective price for the covered commodity is less 
than the target price for the covered commodity.
    (b) Effective Price.--For purposes of subsection (a), the effective 
price for a covered commodity is equal to the sum of the following:
            (1) The higher of the following:
                    (A) The national average market price received by 
                producers during the 12-month marketing year for the 
                covered commodity, as determined by the Secretary.
                    (B) The national average loan rate for a marketing 
                assistance loan for the covered commodity in effect for 
                the applicable period under subtitle B.
            (2) The payment rate in effect for the covered commodity 
        under section 1103 for the purpose of making direct payments 
        with respect to the covered commodity.

    (c) Target Price.--
            (1) 2002 and 2003 crop years.--For purposes of the 2002 and 
        2003 crop years, the target prices for covered commodities shall 
        be as follows:
                    (A) Wheat, $3.86 per bushel.
                    (B) Corn, $2.60 per bushel.
                    (C) Grain sorghum, $2.54 per bushel.
                    (D) Barley, $2.21 per bushel.
                    (E) Oats, $1.40 per bushel.
                    (F) Upland cotton, $0.7240 per pound.
                    (G) Rice, $10.50 per hundredweight.
                    (H) Soybeans, $5.80 per bushel.
                    (I) Other oilseeds, $0.0980 per pound.
            (2) Subsequent crop years.--For purposes of each of the 2004 
        through 2007 crop years, the target prices for covered 
        commodities shall be as follows:
                    (A) Wheat, $3.92 per bushel.
                    (B) Corn, $2.63 per bushel.
                    (C) Grain sorghum, $2.57 per bushel.
                    (D) Barley, $2.24 per bushel.
                    (E) Oats, $1.44 per bushel.
                    (F) Upland cotton, $0.7240 per pound.
                    (G) Rice, $10.50 per hundredweight.
                    (H) Soybeans, $5.80 per bushel.
                    (I) Other oilseeds, $0.1010 per pound.

    (d) Payment Rate.--The payment rate used to make counter-cyclical 
payments with respect to a covered commodity for a crop year shall be 
equal to the difference between--
            (1) the target price for the covered commodity; and
            (2) the effective price determined under subsection (b) for 
        the covered commodity.

    (e) Payment Amount.--If counter-cyclical payments are required to be 
paid for any of the 2002 through 2007 crop years of a covered commodity, 
the amount of the counter-cyclical payment to be paid to the producers 
on a farm for that crop year shall be equal to the product of the 
following:

[[Page 116 STAT. 151]]

            (1) The payment rate specified in subsection (d).
            (2) The payment acres of the covered commodity on the farm.
            (3) The payment yield or updated payment yield for the farm, 
        depending on the election of the owner of the farm under section 
        1102.

    (f) Time for Payments.--
            (1) General rule.--If the Secretary determines under 
        subsection (a) that counter-cyclical payments are required to be 
        made under this section for the crop of a covered commodity, the 
        Secretary shall make the counter-cyclical payments for the crop 
        as soon as practicable after the end of the 12-month marketing 
        year for the covered commodity.
            (2) Availability of partial payments.--If, before the end of 
        the 12-month marketing year for a covered commodity, the 
        Secretary estimates that counter-cyclical payments will be 
        required for the crop of the covered commodity, the Secretary 
        shall give producers on a farm the option to receive partial 
        payments of the counter-cyclical payment projected to be made 
        for that crop of the covered commodity.
            (3) Time for partial payments.--
                    (A) 2002 through 2006 crop years.--When the 
                Secretary makes partial payments available under 
                paragraph (2) for a covered commodity for any of the 
                2002 through 2006 crop years--
                          (i) the first partial payment for the crop 
                      year shall be made not earlier than October 1, 
                      and, to the maximum extent practicable, not later 
                      than October 31, of the calendar year in which the 
                      crop of the covered commodity is harvested;
                          (ii) the second partial payment shall be made 
                      not earlier than February 1 of the next calendar 
                      year; and
                          (iii) the final partial payment shall be made 
                      as soon as practicable after the end of the 12-
                      month marketing year for the covered commodity.
                    (B) 2007 crop year.--When the Secretary makes 
                partial payments available for a covered commodity for 
                the 2007 crop year--
                          (i) the first partial payment shall be made 
                      after completion of the first 6 months of the 
                      marketing year for the covered commodity; and
                          (ii) the final partial payment shall be made 
                      as soon as practicable after the end of the 12-
                      month marketing year for the covered commodity.
            (4) Amount of partial payments.--
                    (A) 2002 through 2006 crop years.--
                          (i) First partial payment.--For each of the 
                      2002 through 2006 crop years of a covered 
                      commodity, the first partial payment under 
                      paragraph (3) to the producers on a farm may not 
                      exceed 35 percent of the projected counter-
                      cyclical payment for the covered commodity for the 
                      crop year, as determined by the Secretary.
                          (ii) Second partial payment.--The second 
                      partial payment for a covered commodity for a crop 
                      year may not exceed the difference between--

[[Page 116 STAT. 152]]

                                    (I) 70 percent of the projected 
                                counter-cyclical payment (including any 
                                revision thereof) for the crop of the 
                                covered commodity; and
                                    (II) the amount of the payment made 
                                under clause (i).
                          (iii) Final payment.--The final payment for a 
                      covered commodity for a crop year shall be equal 
                      to the difference between--
                                    (I) the actual counter-cyclical 
                                payment to be made to the producers for 
                                the covered commodity for that crop 
                                year; and
                                    (II) the amount of the partial 
                                payments made to the producers under 
                                clauses (i) and (ii) for that crop year.
                    (B) 2007 crop year.--
                          (i) First partial payment.--For the 2007 crop 
                      year, the first partial payment under paragraph 
                      (3) to the producers on a farm may not exceed 40 
                      percent of the projected counter-cyclical payment 
                      for the covered commodity for the crop year, as 
                      determined by the Secretary.
                          (ii) Final payment.--The final payment for the 
                      2007 crop year shall be equal to the difference 
                      between--
                                    (I) the actual counter-cyclical 
                                payment to be made to the producers for 
                                the covered commodity for that crop 
                                year; and
                                    (II) the amount of the partial 
                                payment made to the producers under 
                                clause (i).
            (5) Repayment.--The producers on a farm that receive a 
        partial payment under this subsection for a crop year shall 
        repay to the Secretary the amount, if any, by which the total of 
        the partial payments exceed the actual counter-cyclical payment 
        to be made for the covered commodity for that crop year.

SEC. 1105. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7915.>>  PRODUCER AGREEMENT REQUIRED AS 
            CONDITION OF PROVISION OF DIRECT PAYMENTS AND COUNTER-
            CYCLICAL PAYMENTS.

    (a) Compliance With Certain Requirements.--
            (1) Requirements.--Before the producers on a farm may 
        receive direct payments or counter-cyclical payments with 
        respect to the farm, the producers shall agree, during the crop 
        year for which the payments are made and in exchange for the 
        payments--
                    (A) to comply with applicable conservation 
                requirements under subtitle B of title XII of the Food 
                Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3811 et seq.);
                    (B) to comply with applicable wetland protection 
                requirements under subtitle C of title XII of the Act 
                (16 U.S.C. 3821 et seq.);
                    (C) to comply with the planting flexibility 
                requirements of section 1106;
                    (D) to use the land on the farm, in a quantity equal 
                to the attributable base acres for the farm and any base 
                acres for peanuts for the farm under subtitle C for an

[[Page 116 STAT. 153]]

                agricultural or conserving use, and not for a 
                nonagricultural commercial or industrial use, as 
                determined by the Secretary; and
                    (E) to effectively control noxious weeds and 
                otherwise maintain the land in accordance with sound 
                agricultural practices, as determined by the Secretary, 
                if the agricultural or conserving use involves the 
                noncultivation of any portion of the land referred to in 
                subparagraph (D).
            (2) Compliance.--The Secretary may issue such rules as the 
        Secretary considers necessary to ensure producer compliance with 
        the requirements of paragraph (1).
            (3) Modification.--At the request of the transferee or 
        owner, the Secretary may modify the requirements of this 
        subsection if the modifications are consistent with the 
        objectives of this subsection, as determined by the Secretary.

    (b) Transfer or Change of Interest in Farm.--
            (1) Termination.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), a 
        transfer of (or change in) the interest of the producers on a 
        farm in base acres for which direct payments or counter-cyclical 
        payments are made shall result in the termination of the 
        payments with respect to the base acres, unless the transferee 
        or owner of the acreage agrees to assume all obligations under 
        subsection (a). The termination shall take effect on the date 
        determined by the Secretary.
            (2) Exception.--If a producer entitled to a direct payment 
        or counter-cyclical payment dies, becomes incompetent, or is 
        otherwise unable to receive the payment, the Secretary shall 
        make the payment, in accordance with rules issued by the 
        Secretary.

    (c) Acreage Reports.--As a condition on the receipt of any benefits 
under this subtitle or subtitle B, the Secretary shall require producers 
on a farm to submit to the Secretary annual acreage reports with respect 
to all cropland on the farm.
    (d) Tenants and Sharecroppers.--In carrying out this subtitle, the 
Secretary shall provide adequate safeguards to protect the interests of 
tenants and sharecroppers.
    (e) Sharing of Payments.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
sharing of direct payments and counter-cyclical payments among the 
producers on a farm on a fair and equitable basis.

SEC. 1106. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7916.>>  PLANTING FLEXIBILITY.

    (a) Permitted Crops.--Subject to subsection (b), any commodity or 
crop may be planted on base acres on a farm.
    (b) Limitations Regarding Certain Commodities.--
            (1) General limitation.--The planting of an agricultural 
        commodity specified in paragraph (3) shall be prohibited on base 
        acres unless the commodity, if planted, is destroyed before 
        harvest.
            (2) Treatment of trees and other perennials.--The planting 
        of an agricultural commodity specified in paragraph (3) that is 
        produced on a tree or other perennial plant shall be prohibited 
        on base acres.
            (3) Covered agricultural commodities.--Paragraphs (1) and 
        (2) apply to the following agricultural commodities:
                    (A) Fruits.
                    (B) Vegetables (other than lentils, mung beans, and 
                dry peas).

[[Page 116 STAT. 154]]

                    (C) Wild rice.

    (c) Exceptions.--Paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (b) shall not 
limit the planting of an agricultural commodity specified in paragraph 
(3) of that subsection--
            (1) in any region in which there is a history of double-
        cropping of covered commodities with agricultural commodities 
        specified in subsection (b)(3), as determined by the Secretary, 
        in which case the double-cropping shall be permitted;
            (2) on a farm that the Secretary determines has a history of 
        planting agricultural commodities specified in subsection (b)(3) 
        on base acres, except that direct payments and counter-cyclical 
        payments shall be reduced by an acre for each acre planted to 
        such an agricultural commodity; or
            (3) by the producers on a farm that the Secretary determines 
        has an established planting history of a specific agricultural 
        commodity specified in subsection (b)(3), except that--
                    (A) the quantity planted may not exceed the average 
                annual planting history of such agricultural commodity 
                by the producers on the farm in the 1991 through 1995 or 
                1998 through 2001 crop years (excluding any crop year in 
                which no plantings were made), as determined by the 
                Secretary; and
                    (B) direct payments and counter-cyclical payments 
                shall be reduced by an acre for each acre planted to 
                such agricultural commodity.

    (d) Special Rule for 2002 Crop Year.--For the 2002 crop year only, 
if the calculation of base acres under section 1101(a) results in total 
base acres for a farm in excess of the contract acreage (as defined in 
section 102 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 
1996 (7 U.S.C. 7202)) for the farm used to calculate the fiscal year 
2002 payment authorized under section 114 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 7214), 
paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (b) shall not limit the harvesting 
of an agricultural commodity specified in paragraph (3) of that 
subsection on the excess base acres, except that direct payments and 
counter-cyclical payments for the 2002 crop year shall be reduced by an 
acre for each acre of the excess base acres planted to such an 
agricultural commodity.

SEC. 1107. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7917.>>  RELATION TO REMAINING PAYMENT 
            AUTHORITY UNDER PRODUCTION FLEXIBILITY CONTRACTS.

    (a) Termination of Superseded Payment Authority.--Notwithstanding 
section 113(a)(7) of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7213(a)(7)) or any other provision of law, the 
Secretary shall not make payments for fiscal year 2002 after the date of 
enactment of this Act under a production flexibility contract entered 
into under section 111 of that Act (7 U.S.C. 7211) unless requested by 
the producer that is a party to the contract.
    (b) Contract Payments Made Before Enactment.--If a producer receives 
all or any portion of the payment authorized for fiscal year 2002 under 
a production flexibility contract, the Secretary shall reduce the amount 
of the direct payment otherwise due the producer for the 2002 crop year 
under section 1103 by the amount of the fiscal year 2002 payment 
received by the producer under the production flexibility contract.

[[Page 116 STAT. 155]]

SEC. 1108. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7918.>>  PERIOD OF EFFECTIVENESS.

    This subtitle shall be effective beginning with the 2002 crop year 
of each covered commodity through the 2007 crop year.

   Subtitle B--Marketing Assistance Loans and Loan Deficiency Payments

SEC. 1201. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7931.>> AVAILABILITY OF NONRECOURSE MARKETING 
            ASSISTANCE LOANS FOR LOAN COMMODITIES.

    (a) Nonrecourse Loans Available.--
            (1) Availability.--For each of the 2002 through 2007 crops 
        of each loan commodity, the Secretary shall make available to 
        producers on a farm nonrecourse marketing assistance loans for 
        loan commodities produced on the farm.
            (2) Terms and conditions.--The marketing assistance loans 
        shall be made under terms and conditions that are prescribed by 
        the Secretary and at the loan rate established under section 
        1202 for the loan commodity.

    (b) Eligible Production.--The producers on a farm shall be eligible 
for a marketing assistance loan under subsection (a) for any quantity of 
a loan commodity produced on the farm.
    (c) Treatment of Certain Commingled Commodities.--In carrying out 
this subtitle, the Secretary shall make loans to producers on a farm 
that would be eligible to obtain a marketing assistance loan, but for 
the fact the loan commodity owned by the producers on the farm 
commingled with loan commodities of other producers in facilities 
unlicensed for the storage of agricultural commodities by the Secretary 
or a State licensing authority, if the producers obtaining the loan 
agree to immediately redeem the loan collateral in accordance with 
section 166 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 
1996 (7 U.S.C. 7286).
    (d) Compliance With Conservation and Wetlands Requirements.--As a 
condition of the receipt of a marketing assistance loan under subsection 
(a), the producer shall comply with applicable conservation requirements 
under subtitle B of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3811 et seq.) and applicable wetland protection requirements 
under subtitle C of title XII of the Act (16 U.S.C. 3821 et seq.) during 
the term of the loan.
    (e) Termination of Superseded Loan Authority.--Notwithstanding 
section 131 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 
1996 (7 U.S.C. 7231), nonrecourse marketing assistance loans shall not 
be made for the 2002 crop of loan commodities under subtitle C of title 
I of such Act.

SEC. 1202. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7932.>> LOAN RATES FOR NONRECOURSE MARKETING 
            ASSISTANCE LOANS.

    (a) 2002 and 2003 Crop Years.--For purposes of the 2002 and 2003 
crop years, the loan rate for a marketing assistance loan under section 
1201 for a loan commodity shall be equal to the following:
            (1) In the case of wheat, $2.80 per bushel.
            (2) In the case of corn, $1.98 per bushel.
            (3) In the case of grain sorghum, $1.98 per bushel.
            (4) In the case of barley, $1.88 per bushel.
            (5) In the case of oats, $1.35 per bushel.
            (6) In the case of upland cotton, $0.52 per pound.

[[Page 116 STAT. 156]]

            (7) In the case of extra long staple cotton, $0.7977 per 
        pound.
            (8) In the case of rice, $6.50 per hundredweight.
            (9) In the case of soybeans, $5.00 per bushel.
            (10) In the case of other oilseeds, $0.0960 per pound.
            (11) In the case of graded wool, $1.00 per pound.
            (12) In the case of nongraded wool, $0.40 per pound.
            (13) In the case of mohair, $4.20 per pound.
            (14) In the case of honey, $0.60 per pound.
            (15) In the case of dry peas, $6.33 per hundredweight.
            (16) In the case of lentils, $11.94 per hundredweight.
            (17) In the case of small chickpeas, $7.56 per 
        hundredweight.

    (b) 2004 Through 2007 crop Years.--For purposes of the 2004 through 
2007 crop years, the loan rate for a marketing assistance loan under 
section 1201 for a loan commodity shall be equal to the following:
            (1) In the case of wheat, $2.75 per bushel.
            (2) In the case of corn, $1.95 per bushel.
            (3) In the case of grain sorghum, $1.95 per bushel.
            (4) In the case of barley, $1.85 per bushel.
            (5) In the case of oats, $1.33 per bushel.
            (6) In the case of upland cotton, $0.52 per pound.
            (7) In the case of extra long staple cotton, $0.7977 per 
        pound.
            (8) In the case of rice, $6.50 per hundredweight.
            (9) In the case of soybeans, $5.00 per bushel.
            (10) In the case of other oilseeds, $0.0930 per pound.
            (11) In the case of graded wool, $1.00 per pound.
            (12) In the case of nongraded wool, $0.40 per pound.
            (13) In the case of mohair, $4.20 per pound.
            (14) In the case of honey, $0.60 per pound.
            (15) In the case of dry peas, $6.22 per hundredweight.
            (16) In the case of lentils, $11.72 per hundredweight.
            (17) In the case of small chickpeas, $7.43 per 
        hundredweight.

SEC. 1203. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7933.>>  TERM OF LOANS.

    (a) Term of Loan.--In the case of each loan commodity, a marketing 
assistance loan under section 1201 shall have a term of 9 months 
beginning on the first day of the first month after the month in which 
the loan is made.

    (b) Extensions Prohibited.--The Secretary may not extend the term of 
a marketing assistance loan for any loan commodity.

SEC. 1204. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7934.>> REPAYMENT OF LOANS.

    (a) General Rule.--The Secretary shall permit the producers on a 
farm to repay a marketing assistance loan under section 1201 for a loan 
commodity (other than upland cotton, rice, and extra long staple cotton) 
at a rate that is the lesser of--
            (1) the loan rate established for the commodity under 
        section 1202, plus interest (determined in accordance with 
        section 163 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform 
        Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7283)); or
            (2) a rate that the Secretary determines will--
                    (A) minimize potential loan forfeitures;
                    (B) minimize the accumulation of stocks of the 
                commodity by the Federal Government;

[[Page 116 STAT. 157]]

                    (C) minimize the cost incurred by the Federal 
                Government in storing the commodity;
                    (D) allow the commodity produced in the United 
                States to be marketed freely and competitively, both 
                domestically and internationally; and
                    (E) minimize discrepancies in marketing loan 
                benefits across State boundaries and across county 
                boundaries.

    (b) Repayment Rates for Upland Cotton and Rice.--The Secretary shall 
permit producers to repay a marketing assistance loan under section 1201 
for upland cotton and rice at a rate that is the lesser of--
            (1) the loan rate established for the commodity under 
        section 1202, plus interest (determined in accordance with 
        section 163 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform 
        Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7283)); or
            (2) the prevailing world market price for the commodity 
        (adjusted to United States quality and location), as determined 
        by the Secretary.

    (c) Repayment Rates for Extra Long Staple Cotton.--Repayment of a 
marketing assistance loan for extra long staple cotton shall be at the 
loan rate established for the commodity under section 1202, plus 
interest (determined in accordance with section 163 of the Federal 
Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7283)).

    (d) Prevailing World Market <<NOTE: Regulations.>>  Price.--For 
purposes of this section and section 1207, the Secretary shall prescribe 
by regulation--
            (1) a formula to determine the prevailing world market price 
        for upland cotton and rice, adjusted to United States quality 
        and location; and
            (2) a mechanism by which the Secretary shall announce 
        periodically the prevailing world market price for upland cotton 
        and rice.

    (e) Adjustment of Prevailing World Market Price for Upland Cotton.--
            (1) In general.--During the period beginning on the date of 
        the enactment of this Act through July 31, 2008, the prevailing 
        world market price for upland cotton (adjusted to United States 
        quality and location) established under subsection (d) shall be 
        further adjusted if--
                    (A) the adjusted prevailing world market price is 
                less than 115 percent of the loan rate for upland cotton 
                established under section 1202, as determined by the 
                Secretary; and
                    (B) the Friday through Thursday average price 
                quotation for the lowest-priced United States growth as 
                quoted for Middling (M) 1\3/32\-inch cotton delivered 
                C.I.F. Northern Europe is greater than the Friday 
                through Thursday average price of the 5 lowest-priced 
                growths of upland cotton, as quoted for Middling (M) 
                1\3/32\-inch cotton, delivered C.I.F. Northern Europe 
                (referred to in this section as the ``Northern Europe 
                price'').
            (2) Further adjustment.--Except as provided in paragraph 
        (3), the adjusted prevailing world market price for upland 
        cotton shall be further adjusted on the basis of some or all of 
        the following data, as available:
                    (A) The United States share of world exports.

[[Page 116 STAT. 158]]

                    (B) The current level of cotton export sales and 
                cotton export shipments.
                    (C) Other data determined by the Secretary to be 
                relevant in establishing an accurate prevailing world 
                market price for upland cotton (adjusted to United 
                States quality and location).
            (3) Limitation on further adjustment.--The adjustment under 
        paragraph (2) may not exceed the difference between--
                    (A) the Friday through Thursday average price for 
                the lowest-priced United States growth as quoted for 
                Middling 1\3/32\-inch cotton delivered C.I.F. Northern 
                Europe; and
                    (B) the Northern Europe price.

    (f) Good Faith Exception to Beneficial Interest Requirement.--For 
the 2001 crop year only, in the case of the producers on a farm that 
marketed or otherwise lost beneficial interest in a loan commodity for 
which a marketing assistance loan was made under section 131 of the 
Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7231) 
before repaying the loan, the Secretary shall permit the producers to 
repay the loan at the appropriate repayment rate that was in effect for 
the loan commodity under section 134 of that Act (7 U.S.C. 7234) on the 
date that the producers lost beneficial interest, as determined by the 
Secretary, if the Secretary determines the producers acted in good 
faith.

SEC. 1205. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7935.>>  LOAN DEFICIENCY PAYMENTS.

    (a) Availability of Loan Deficiency Payments.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in subsection (d), the 
        Secretary may make loan deficiency payments available to 
        producers on a farm that, although eligible to obtain a 
        marketing assistance loan under section 1201 with respect to a 
        loan commodity, agree to forgo obtaining the loan for the 
        commodity in return for loan deficiency payments under this 
        section.
            (2) Unshorn pelts, hay, and silage.--Nongraded wool in the 
        form of unshorn pelts and hay and silage derived from a loan 
        commodity are not eligible for a marketing assistance loan under 
        section 1201. However, effective for the 2002 through 2007 crop 
        years, the Secretary may make loan deficiency payments available 
        under this section to producers on a farm that produce unshorn 
        pelts or hay and silage derived from a loan commodity.

    (b) Computation.--A loan deficiency payment for a loan commodity or 
commodity referred to in subsection (a)(2) shall be computed by 
multiplying--
            (1) the payment rate determined under subsection (c) for the 
        commodity; by
            (2) the quantity of the commodity produced by the eligible 
        producers, excluding any quantity for which the producers obtain 
        a marketing assistance loan under section 1201.

    (c) Payment Rate.--
            (1) In general.--In the case of a loan commodity, the 
        payment rate shall be the amount by which--
                    (A) the loan rate established under section 1202 for 
                the loan commodity; exceeds
                    (B) the rate at which a marketing assistance loan 
                for the loan commodity may be repaid under section 1204.

[[Page 116 STAT. 159]]

            (2) Unshorn pelts.--In the case of unshorn pelts, the 
        payment rate shall be the amount by which--
                    (A) the loan rate established under section 1202 for 
                ungraded wool; exceeds
                    (B) the rate at which a marketing assistance loan 
                for ungraded wool may be repaid under section 1204.
            (3) hay and silage.--In the case of hay or silage derived 
        from a loan commodity, the payment rate shall be the amount by 
        which--
                    (A) the loan rate established under section 1202 for 
                the loan commodity from which the hay or silage is 
                derived; exceeds
                    (B) the rate at which a marketing assistance loan 
                for the loan commodity may be repaid under section 1204.

    (d) Exception for Extra Long Staple Cotton.--This section shall not 
apply with respect to extra long staple cotton.
    (e) Effective Date for Payment Rate Determination.--The Secretary 
shall determine the amount of the loan deficiency payment to be made 
under this section to the producers on a farm with respect to a quantity 
of a loan commodity or commodity referred to in subsection (a)(2) using 
the payment rate in effect under subsection (c) as of the date the 
producers request the payment.
    (f) Special Loan Deficiency Payment Rules.--
            (1) First-time loan commodities.--For the 2002 crop of wool, 
        mohair, honey, dry peas, lentils and small chickpeas, in the 
        case of producers of such a crop that would be eligible for a 
        loan deficiency payment under this section except for the fact 
        that the producers lost beneficial interest in the crop prior to 
        the date of publication of the regulations implementing this 
        section, the producers shall be eligible for a loan deficiency 
        payment as of the date producers marketed or otherwise lost 
        beneficial interest in the crop, as determined by the Secretary.
            (2) 2001 crop year.--Section 135 of the Federal Agriculture 
        Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7235) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)(2), by striking ``2000 crop 
                year'' and inserting ``2000 and 2001 crop years''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(g) Effective Date for Payment Rate Determination.--For the 2001 
crop year, the Secretary shall determine the amount of the loan 
deficiency payment to be made under this section to the producers on a 
farm with respect to a quantity of a loan commodity using the payment 
rate in effect under subsection (c) as of the earlier of the following:
            ``(1) The date on which the producers marketed or otherwise 
        lost beneficial interest in the crop of the loan commodity, as 
        determined by the Secretary.
            ``(2) The date the producers requested the payment.''.

SEC. 1206. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7936.>>  PAYMENTS IN LIEU OF LOAN DEFICIENCY 
            PAYMENTS FOR GRAZED ACREAGE.

    (a) Eligible Producers.--
            (1) In general.--Effective for the 2002 through 2007 crop 
        years, in the case of a producer that would be eligible for a 
        loan deficiency payment under section 1205 for wheat, barley, or 
        oats, but that elects to use acreage planted to the wheat,

[[Page 116 STAT. 160]]

        barley, or oats for the grazing of livestock, the Secretary 
        shall make a payment to the producer under this section if the 
        producer enters into an agreement with the Secretary to forgo 
        any other harvesting of the wheat, barley, or oats on that 
        acreage.
            (2) Grazing of triticale acreage.--Effective for the 2002 
        through 2007 crop years, with respect to a producer on a farm 
        that uses acreage planted to triticale for the grazing of 
        livestock, the Secretary shall make a payment to the producer 
        under this section if the producer enters into an agreement with 
        the Secretary to forgo any other harvesting of triticale on that 
        acreage.

    (b) Payment Amount.--
            (1) In general.--The amount of a payment made under this 
        section to a producer on a farm described in subsection (a)(1) 
        shall be equal to the amount determined by multiplying--
                    (A) the loan deficiency payment rate determined 
                under section 1205(c) in effect, as of the date of the 
                agreement, for the county in which the farm is located; 
                by
                    (B) the payment quantity determined by multiplying--
                          (i) the quantity of the grazed acreage on the 
                      farm with respect to which the producer elects to 
                      forgo harvesting of wheat, barley, or oats; and
                          (ii) the payment yield in effect for the 
                      calculation of direct payments under subtitle A 
                      with respect to that loan commodity on the farm 
                      or, in the case of a farm without a payment yield 
                      for that loan commodity, an appropriate yield 
                      established by the Secretary in a manner 
                      consistent with section 1102(c).
            (2) Grazing of triticale acreage.--The amount of a payment 
        made under this section to a producer on a farm described in 
        subsection (a)(2) shall be equal to the amount determined by 
        multiplying--
                    (A) the loan deficiency payment rate determined 
                under section 1205(c) in effect for wheat, as of the 
                date of the agreement, for the county in which the farm 
                is located; by
                    (B) the payment quantity determined by multiplying--
                          (i) the quantity of the grazed acreage on the 
                      farm with respect to which the producer elects to 
                      forgo harvesting of triticale; and
                          (ii) the payment yield in effect for the 
                      calculation of direct payments under subtitle A 
                      with respect to wheat on the farm or, in the case 
                      of a farm without a payment yield for wheat, an 
                      appropriate yield established by the Secretary in 
                      a manner consistent with section 1102(c).

    (c) Time, Manner, and Availability of Payment.--
            (1) Time and manner.--A payment under this section shall be 
        made at the same time and in the same manner as loan deficiency 
        payments are made under section 1205.
            (2) Availability.--The Secretary shall establish an 
        availability period for the payments authorized by this section. 
        In the case of wheat, barley, and oats, the availability period 
        shall be consistent with the availability period for the 
        commodity established by the Secretary for marketing assistance 
        loans authorized by this subtitle.

[[Page 116 STAT. 161]]

    (d) Prohibition on Crop Insurance Indemnity or Noninsured Crop 
Assistance.--A 2002 through 2007 crop of wheat, barley, oats, or 
triticale planted on acreage that a producer elects, in the agreement 
required by subsection (a), to use for the grazing of livestock in lieu 
of any other harvesting of the crop shall not be eligible for an 
indemnity under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) 
or noninsured crop assistance under section 196 of the Federal 
Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7333).

SEC. 1207. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7937.>>  SPECIAL MARKETING LOAN PROVISIONS FOR 
            UPLAND COTTON.

    (a) Cotton User Marketing Certificates.--
            (1) Issuance.--During the period beginning on the date of 
        the enactment of this Act through July 31, 2008, the Secretary 
        shall issue marketing certificates or cash payments, at the 
        option of the recipient, to domestic users and exporters for 
        documented purchases by domestic users and sales for export by 
        exporters made in the week following a consecutive 4-week period 
        in which--
                    (A) the Friday through Thursday average price 
                quotation for the lowest-priced United States growth, as 
                quoted for Middling (M) 1\3/32\-inch cotton, delivered 
                C.I.F. Northern Europe exceeds the Northern Europe price 
                by more than 1.25 cents per pound; and
                    (B) the prevailing world market price for upland 
                cotton (adjusted to United States quality and location) 
                does not exceed 134 percent of the loan rate for upland 
                cotton established under section 1202.
            (2) Value of certificates or payments.--The value of the 
        marketing certificates or cash payments shall be based on the 
        amount of the difference (reduced by 1.25 cents per pound) in 
        the prices during the fourth week of the consecutive 4-week 
        period multiplied by the quantity of upland cotton included in 
        the documented sales.
            (3) Administration of marketing certificates.--
                    (A) Redemption, marketing, or exchange.--The 
                Secretary shall establish procedures for redeeming 
                marketing certificates for cash or marketing or exchange 
                of the certificates for agricultural commodities owned 
                by the Commodity Credit Corporation or pledged to the 
                Commodity Credit Corporation as collateral for a loan in 
                such manner, and at such price levels, as the Secretary 
                determines will best effectuate the purposes of cotton 
                user marketing certificates, including enhancing the 
                competitiveness and marketability of United States 
                cotton. Any price restrictions that would otherwise 
                apply to the disposition of agricultural commodities by 
                the Commodity Credit Corporation shall not apply to the 
                redemption of certificates under this subsection.
                    (B) Designation of commodities and products.--To the 
                extent practicable, the Secretary shall permit owners of 
                certificates to designate the commodities and products, 
                including storage sites, the owners would prefer to 
                receive in exchange for certificates
                    (C) Transfers.--Marketing certificates issued to 
                domestic users and exporters of upland cotton may be

[[Page 116 STAT. 162]]

                transferred to other persons in accordance with 
                regulations issued by the Secretary.
            (4) Delayed application of threshold.--Through July 31, 
        2006, the Secretary shall make the calculations under paragraphs 
        (1)(A) and (2) without regard to the 1.25 cent threshold 
        provided under those paragraphs.

    (b) Special Import Quota.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) In general.--The President shall carry out an 
                import quota program during the period beginning on the 
                date of the enactment of this Act through July 31, 2008, 
                as provided in this subsection.
                    (B) Program requirements.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (C), whenever the Secretary determines and 
                announces that for any consecutive 4-week period, the 
                Friday through Thursday average price quotation for the 
                lowest-priced United States growth, as quoted for 
                Middling (M) 1\3/32\-inch cotton, delivered C.I.F. 
                Northern Europe, adjusted for the value of any 
                certificate issued under subsection (a), exceeds the 
                Northern Europe price by more than 1.25 cents per pound, 
                there shall immediately be in effect a special import 
                quota.
                    (C) Tight domestic supply.--During any month for 
                which the Secretary estimates the season-ending United 
                States upland cotton stocks-to-use ratio, as determined 
                under subparagraph (D), to be below 16 percent, the 
                Secretary, in making the determination under 
                subparagraph (B), shall not adjust the Friday through 
                Thursday average price quotation for the lowest-priced 
                United States growth, as quoted for Middling (M) 1\3/
                32\-inch cotton, delivered C.I.F. Northern Europe, for 
                the value of any certificates issued under subsection 
                (a).
                    (D) Season-ending united states stocks-to-use 
                ratio.--For the purposes of making estimates under 
                subparagraph (C), the Secretary shall, on a monthly 
                basis, estimate and report the season-ending United 
                States upland cotton stocks-to-use ratio, excluding 
                projected raw cotton imports but including the quantity 
                of raw cotton that has been imported into the United 
                States during the marketing year.
                    (E) Delayed application of threshold.--Through July 
                31, 2006, the Secretary shall make the calculation under 
                subparagraph (B) without regard to the 1.25 cent 
                threshold provided under that subparagraph.
            (2) Quantity.--The quota shall be equal to one week's 
        consumption of upland cotton by domestic mills at the seasonally 
        adjusted average rate of the most recent three months for which 
        data are available.
            (3) Application.--The <<NOTE: Deadlines.>> quota shall apply 
        to upland cotton purchased not later than 90 days after the date 
        of the Secretary's announcement under paragraph (1) and entered 
        into the United States not later than 180 days after the date.
            (4) Overlap.--A special quota period may be established that 
        overlaps any existing quota period if required by paragraph (1), 
        except that a special quota period may not be established under 
        this subsection if a quota period has been established under 
        subsection (c).

[[Page 116 STAT. 163]]

            (5) Preferential tariff treatment.--The quantity under a 
        special import quota shall be considered to be an in-quota 
        quantity for purposes of--
                    (A) section 213(d) of the Caribbean Basin Economic 
                Recovery Act (19 U.S.C. 2703(d));
                    (B) section 204 of the Andean Trade Preference Act 
                (19 U.S.C. 3203);
                    (C) section 503(d) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 
                U.S.C. 2463(d)); and
                    (D) General Note 3(a)(iv) to the Harmonized Tariff 
                Schedule.
            (6) Definition.--In this subsection, the term ``special 
        import quota'' means a quantity of imports that is not subject 
        to the over-quota tariff rate of a tariff-rate quota.
            (7) Limitation.--The quantity of cotton entered into the 
        United States during any marketing year under the special import 
        quota established under this subsection may not exceed the 
        equivalent of 5 week's consumption of upland cotton by domestic 
        mills at the seasonally adjusted average rate of the 3 months 
        immediately preceding the first special import quota established 
        in any marketing year.

    (c) Limited Global Import Quota for Upland Cotton.--
            (1) In general.--The President shall carry out an import 
        quota program that provides that whenever the Secretary 
        determines and announces that the average price of the base 
        quality of upland cotton, as determined by the Secretary, in the 
        designated spot markets for a month exceeded 130 percent of the 
        average price of such quality of cotton in the markets for the 
        preceding 36 months, notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
        there shall immediately be in effect a limited global import 
        quota subject to the following conditions:
                    (A) Quantity.--The quantity of the quota shall be 
                equal to 21 days of domestic mill consumption of upland 
                cotton at the seasonally adjusted average rate of the 
                most recent 3 months for which data are available.
                    (B) Quantity if prior quota.--If a quota has been 
                established under this subsection during the preceding 
                12 months, the quantity of the quota next established 
                under this subsection shall be the smaller of 21 days of 
                domestic mill consumption calculated under subparagraph 
                (A) or the quantity required to increase the supply to 
                130 percent of the demand.
                    (C) Preferential tariff treatment.--The quantity 
                under a limited global import quota shall be considered 
                to be an in-quota quantity for purposes of--
                          (i) section 213(d) of the Caribbean Basin 
                      Economic Recovery Act (19 U.S.C. 2703(d));
                          (ii) section 204 of the Andean Trade 
                      Preference Act (19 U.S.C. 3203);
                          (iii) section 503(d) of the Trade Act of 1974 
                      (19 U.S.C. 2463(d)); and
                          (iv) General Note 3(a)(iv) to the Harmonized 
                      Tariff Schedule.
                    (D) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                          (i) Supply.--The term ``supply'' means, using 
                      the latest official data of the Bureau of the 
                      Census, the

[[Page 116 STAT. 164]]

                      Department of Agriculture, and the Department of 
                      the Treasury--
                                    (I) the carry-over of upland cotton 
                                at the beginning of the marketing year 
                                (adjusted to 480-pound bales) in which 
                                the quota is established;
                                    (II) production of the current crop; 
                                and
                                    (III) imports to the latest date 
                                available during the marketing year.
                          (ii) Demand.--The term ``demand'' means--
                                    (I) the average seasonally adjusted 
                                annual rate of domestic mill consumption 
                                during the most recent 3 months for 
                                which data are available; and
                                    (II) the larger of--
                                            (aa) average exports of 
                                        upland cotton during the 
                                        preceding 6 marketing years; or
                                            (bb) cumulative exports of 
                                        upland cotton plus outstanding 
                                        export sales for the marketing 
                                        year in which the quota is 
                                        established.
                          (iii) Limited global import quota.--The term 
                      ``limited global import quota'' means a quantity 
                      of imports that is not subject to the over-quota 
                      tariff rate of a tariff-rate quota.
                    (E) Quota entry period.--When a quota is established 
                under this subsection, cotton may be entered under the 
                quota during the 90-day period beginning on the date the 
                quota is established by the Secretary.
            (2) No overlap.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), a quota 
        period may not be established that overlaps an existing quota 
        period or a special quota period established under subsection 
        (b).

SEC. 1208. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7938.>>  SPECIAL COMPETITIVE PROVISIONS FOR 
            EXTRA LONG STAPLE COTTON.

    (a) Competitiveness Program.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law, during the period beginning on the date of the enactment of this 
Act through July 31, 2008, the Secretary shall carry out a program--
            (1) to maintain and expand the domestic use of extra long 
        staple cotton produced in the United States;
            (2) to increase exports of extra long staple cotton produced 
        in the United States; and
            (3) to ensure that extra long staple cotton produced in the 
        United States remains competitive in world markets.

    (b) Payments Under Program; Trigger.--Under the program, the 
Secretary shall make payments available under this section whenever--
            (1) for a consecutive 4-week period, the world market price 
        for the lowest priced competing growth of extra long staple 
        cotton (adjusted to United States quality and location and for 
        other factors affecting the competitiveness of such cotton), as 
        determined by the Secretary, is below the prevailing United 
        States price for a competing growth of extra long staple cotton; 
        and
            (2) the lowest priced competing growth of extra long staple 
        cotton (adjusted to United States quality and location and for 
        other factors affecting the competitiveness of such cotton),

[[Page 116 STAT. 165]]

        as determined by the Secretary, is less than 134 percent of the 
        loan rate for extra long staple cotton.

    (c) Eligible Recipients.--The Secretary shall make payments 
available under this section to domestic users of extra long staple 
cotton produced in the United States and exporters of extra long staple 
cotton produced in the United States that enter into an agreement with 
the Commodity Credit Corporation to participate in the program under 
this section.
    (d) Payment Amount.--Payments under this section shall be based on 
the amount of the difference in the prices referred to in subsection 
(b)(1) during the fourth week of the consecutive 4-week period 
multiplied by the amount of documented purchases by domestic users and 
sales for export by exporters made in the week following such a 
consecutive 4-week period.
    (e) Form of Payment.--Payments under this section shall be made 
through the issuance of cash or marketing certificates, at the option of 
eligible recipients of the payments.

SEC. 1209. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7939.>>  AVAILABILITY OF RECOURSE LOANS FOR 
            HIGH MOISTURE FEED GRAINS AND SEED COTTON.

    (a) High Moisture Feed Grains.--
            (1) Recourse loans available.--For each of the 2002 through 
        2007 crops of corn and grain sorghum, the Secretary shall make 
        available recourse loans, as determined by the Secretary, to 
        producers on a farm that--
                    (A) normally harvest all or a portion of their crop 
                of corn or grain sorghum in a high moisture state;
                    (B) present--
                          (i) certified scale tickets from an inspected, 
                      certified commercial scale, including a licensed 
                      warehouse, feedlot, feed mill, distillery, or 
                      other similar entity approved by the Secretary, 
                      pursuant to regulations issued by the Secretary; 
                      or
                          (ii) field or other physical measurements of 
                      the standing or stored crop in regions of the 
                      United States, as determined by the Secretary, 
                      that do not have certified commercial scales from 
                      which certified scale tickets may be obtained 
                      within reasonable proximity of harvest operation;
                    (C) certify that they were the owners of the feed 
                grain at the time of delivery to, and that the quantity 
                to be placed under loan under this subsection was in 
                fact harvested on the farm and delivered to, a feedlot, 
                feed mill, or commercial or on-farm high-moisture 
                storage facility, or to a facility maintained by the 
                users of corn and grain sorghum in a high moisture 
                state; and
                    (D) comply with deadlines established by the 
                Secretary for harvesting the corn or grain sorghum and 
                submit applications for loans under this subsection 
                within deadlines established by the Secretary.
            (2) Eligibility of acquired feed grains.--A loan under this 
        subsection shall be made on a quantity of corn or grain sorghum 
        of the same crop acquired by the producer equivalent to a 
        quantity determined by multiplying--
                    (A) the acreage of the corn or grain sorghum in a 
                high moisture state harvested on the producer's farm; by

[[Page 116 STAT. 166]]

                    (B) the lower of the farm program payment yield used 
                to make counter-cyclical payments under subtitle A or 
                the actual yield on a field, as determined by the 
                Secretary, that is similar to the field from which the 
                corn or grain sorghum was obtained.
            (3) High moisture state defined.--In this subsection, the 
        term ``high moisture state'' means corn or grain sorghum having 
        a moisture content in excess of Commodity Credit Corporation 
        standards for marketing assistance loans made by the Secretary 
        under section 1201.

    (b) Recourse Loans Available for Seed Cotton.--For each of the 2002 
through 2007 crops of upland cotton and extra long staple cotton, the 
Secretary shall make available recourse seed cotton loans, as determined 
by the Secretary, on any production.
    (c) Repayment Rates.--Repayment of a recourse loan made under this 
section shall be at the loan rate established for the commodity by the 
Secretary, plus interest (determined in accordance with section 163 of 
the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 
7283)).
    (d) Termination of Superseded Loan Authority.--Notwithstanding 
section 137 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 
1996 (7 U.S.C. 7237), recourse loans shall not be made for the 2002 crop 
of corn, grain sorghum, and seed cotton under such section.

                           Subtitle C--Peanuts

SEC. 1301. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7951.>>  DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Base acres for peanuts.--The term ``base acres for 
        peanuts'' means the number of acres assigned to a farm by 
        historic peanut producers pursuant to section 1302(b).
            (2) Counter-cyclical payment.--The term ``counter-cyclical 
        payment'' means a payment made under section 1304.
            (3) Effective price.--The term ``effective price'' means the 
        price calculated by the Secretary under section 1304 for peanuts 
        to determine whether counter-cyclical payments are required to 
        be made under that section for a crop year.
            (4) Direct payment.--The term ``direct payment'' means a 
        payment made under section 1303.
            (5) Historic peanut producer.--The term ``historic peanut 
        producer'' means a producer on a farm in the United States that 
        produced or was prevented from planting peanuts during any or 
        all of the 1998 through 2001 crop years.
            (6) Payment acres.--The term ``payment acres'' means--
                    (A) for the 2002 crop of peanuts, 85 percent of the 
                average acreage determined under section 1302(a)(2) for 
                an historic peanut producer; and
                    (B) for the 2003 through 2007 crops of peanuts, 85 
                percent of the base acres for peanuts assigned to a farm 
                under section 1302(b).
            (7) Payment yield.--The term ``payment yield'' means the 
        yield assigned to a farm by historic peanut producers pursuant 
        to section 1302(b).
            (8) Producer.--The term ``producer'' means an owner, 
        operator, landlord, tenant, or sharecropper that shares in the

[[Page 116 STAT. 167]]

        risk of producing a crop on a farm and is entitled to share in 
        the crop available for marketing from the farm, or would have 
        shared had the crop been produced. In determining whether a 
        grower of hybrid seed is a producer, the Secretary shall not 
        take into consideration the existence of a hybrid seed contract 
        and shall ensure that program requirements do not adversely 
        affect the ability of the grower to receive a payment under this 
        subtitle.
            (9) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.
            (10) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the several 
        States of the United States, the District of Columbia, the 
        Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any other territory or 
        possession of the United States.
            (11) Target price.--The term ``target price'' means the 
        price per ton of peanuts used to determine the payment rate for 
        counter-cyclical payments.
            (12) United states.--The term ``United States'', when used 
        in a geographical sense, means all of the States.

SEC. 1302. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7952.>>  ESTABLISHMENT OF PAYMENT YIELD AND 
            BASE ACRES FOR PEANUTS FOR A FARM.

    (a) Average Yield and Acreage Average for Historic Peanut 
Producers.--
            (1) Determination of average yield.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall determine, for 
                each historic peanut producer, the average yield for 
                peanuts on each farm on which the historic peanut 
                producer planted peanuts for harvest for the 1998 
                through 2001 crop years, excluding any crop year in 
                which the producer did not plant or was prevented from 
                planting peanuts.
                    (B) Assigned yields.--For the purposes of 
                determining the 4-year average yield for an historic 
                peanut producer under this paragraph, the historic 
                peanut producer may elect to substitute for a farm, for 
                not more than 3 of the 1998 through 2001 crop years in 
                which the producer planted peanuts on the farm, the 
                average yield for peanuts produced in the county in 
                which the farm is located for the 1990 through 1997 crop 
                years.
            (2) Determination of acreage average.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall determine, for 
                each historic peanut producer, the 4-year average of the 
                following:
                          (i) Acreage planted to peanuts on each farm on 
                      which the historic peanut producer planted peanuts 
                      for harvest for the 1998 through 2001 crop years.
                          (ii) Any acreage on each farm that the 
                      historic peanut producer was prevented from 
                      planting to peanuts during the 1998 through 2001 
                      crop years because of drought, flood, or other 
                      natural disaster, or other condition beyond the 
                      control of the historic peanut producer, as 
                      determined by the Secretary.
                    (B) Inclusion of all 4 years in average.--For the 
                purposes of determining the 4-year acreage average for 
                an historic peanut producer under this paragraph, the 
                Secretary shall not exclude any crop year in which the 
                producer did not plant peanuts.

[[Page 116 STAT. 168]]

                    (C) Proportional shares.--If more than 1 historic 
                peanut producer shared in the risk of producing the crop 
                on a farm, the historic peanut producers shall receive 
                their proportional share of the number of acres planted 
                (or prevented from being planted) to peanuts for harvest 
                on the farm based on the sharing arrangement that was in 
                effect among the producers for the crop.
            (3) Time for determinations.--The Secretary shall make the 
        determinations required by this subsection as soon as 
        practicable after the date of enactment of this Act.
            (4) Special considerations.--In making the determinations 
        required by this subsection, the Secretary shall take into 
        account changes in the number, identity, or interest of 
        producers sharing in the risk of producing a peanut crop since 
        the 1998 crop year, including providing a method for the 
        assignment of average acres and average yield to a farm--
                    (A) when an historic peanut producer is no longer 
                living;
                    (B) when an entity composed of historic peanut 
                producers has been dissolved; or
                    (C) in other appropriate situations, as determined 
                by the Secretary.

    (b) Assignment of Average Yields and Average Acreage to Farms.--
            (1) Assignment by historic peanut producers.--The Secretary 
        shall give each historic peanut producer an opportunity to 
        assign the average peanut yield and average acreage determined 
        under subsection (a) for each farm of the historic peanut 
        producer to cropland on that farm or another farm in the same 
        State or a contiguous State.
            (2) Limitation on acreage assignment.--Notwithstanding 
        paragraph (1), the average acreage determined under subsection 
        (a)(2) for a farm may not be assigned to a farm in a contiguous 
        State unless--
                    (A) the historic peanut producer making the 
                assignment produced peanuts in that State during at 
                least 1 of the 1998 through 2001 crop years; or
                    (B) as of March 31, 2003, the historic peanut 
                producer is a producer on a farm in that State.
            (3) Notice of assignment opportunity.--The Secretary shall 
        provide notice to historic peanut producers regarding their 
        opportunity to assign average peanut yields and average acreages 
        to farms under paragraph (1). The notice shall include the 
        following:
                    (A) Notice that the opportunity to make the 
                assignments is being provided only once.
                    (B) A description of the limitation in paragraph (2) 
                on their ability to make the assignments.
                    (C) Information regarding the manner in which the 
                assignments must be made and the time periods and manner 
                in which notice of the assignments must be submitted to 
                the Secretary.
            (4) Assignment deadlines.--Not later than March 31, 2003, an 
        historic peanut producer shall submit to the Secretary notice of 
        the assignments made by the producer under this subsection. If 
        an historic peanut producer fails to submit the

[[Page 116 STAT. 169]]

        notice by that date, the notice shall be submitted in such other 
        manner as the Secretary may prescribe.

    (c) Payment Yield.--The average of all of the yields assigned by 
historic peanut producers under subsection (b) to a farm shall be 
considered to be the payment yield for that farm for the purpose of 
making direct payments and counter-cyclical payments under this 
subtitle.
    (d) Base Acres for Peanuts.--Subject to subsection (e), the total 
number of acres assigned by historic peanut producers under subsection 
(b) to a farm shall be considered to be the farm's base acres for 
peanuts for the purpose of making direct payments and counter-cyclical 
payments under this subtitle.

    (e) Treatment of Conservation Reserve Contract Acreage.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for an 
        adjustment, as appropriate, in the base acres for peanuts for a 
        farm whenever either of the following circumstances occur:
                    (A) A conservation reserve contract entered into 
                under section 1231 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
                U.S.C. 3831) with respect to the farm expires or is 
                voluntarily terminated.
                    (B) Cropland is released from coverage under a 
                conservation reserve contract by the Secretary.
            (2) Special payment rules.--For the crop year in which a 
        base acres for peanuts adjustment under paragraph (1) is first 
        made, the owner of the farm shall elect to receive either direct 
        payments and counter-cyclical payments with respect to the 
        acreage added to the farm under this subsection or a prorated 
        payment under the conservation reserve contract, but not both.

    (f) Prevention of Excess Base Acres for Peanuts.--
            (1) Required reduction.--If the sum of the base acres for 
        peanuts for a farm, together with the acreage described in 
        paragraph (2), exceeds the actual cropland acreage of the farm, 
        the Secretary shall reduce the base acres for peanuts for the 
        farm or the base acres for 1 or more covered commodities under 
        subtitle A for the farm so that the sum of the base acres for 
        peanuts and acreage described in paragraph (2) does not exceed 
        the actual cropland acreage of the farm.
            (2) Other acreage.--For purposes of paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall include the following:
                    (A) Any base acres for the farm under subtitle A.
                    (B) Any acreage on the farm enrolled in the 
                conservation reserve program or wetlands reserve program 
                under chapter 1 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food 
                Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3830 et seq.).
                    (C) Any other acreage on the farm enrolled in a 
                conservation program for which payments are made in 
                exchange for not producing an agricultural commodity on 
                the acreage.
            (3) Selection of acres.--The Secretary shall give the owner 
        of the farm the opportunity to select the base acres for peanuts 
        or the subtitle A base acres against which the reduction 
        required by paragraph (1) will be made.
            (4) Exception for double-cropped acreage.--In applying 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall make an exception in the case 
        of double cropping, as determined by the Secretary.

[[Page 116 STAT. 170]]

            (5) Coordinated application of requirements.--The Secretary 
        shall take into account section 1101(g) when applying the 
        requirements of this subsection.

    (g) Permanent Reduction in Base Acres for Peanuts.--The owner of a 
farm may reduce, at any time, the base acres for peanuts assigned to the 
farm. The reduction shall be permanent and made in the manner prescribed 
by the Secretary.

SEC. 1303. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7953.>>  AVAILABILITY OF DIRECT PAYMENTS FOR 
            PEANUTS.

    (a) Payment Required.--
            (1) 2002 crop year.--For the 2002 crop year, the Secretary 
        shall make direct payments under this section to historic peanut 
        producers.
            (2) Subsequent crop years.--For each of the 2003 through 
        2007 crop years for peanuts, the Secretary shall make direct 
        payments to the producers on a farm to which a payment yield and 
        base acres for peanuts are assigned under section 1302.

    (b) Payment Rate.--The payment rate used to make direct payments 
with respect to peanuts for a crop year shall be equal to $36 per ton.
    (c) Payment Amount for 2002 Crop Year.--The amount of the direct 
payment to be paid to an historic peanut producer for the 2002 crop of 
peanuts shall be equal to the product of the following:
            (1) The payment rate specified in subsection (b).
            (2) The payment acres of the historic peanut producer.
            (3) The average peanut yield determined under section 
        1302(a)(1) for the historic peanut producer.

    (d) Payment Amount for Subsequent Crop Years.--The amount of the 
direct payment to be paid to the producers on a farm for the 2003 
through 2007 crops of peanuts shall be equal to the product of the 
following:
            (1) The payment rate specified in subsection (b).
            (2) The payment acres on the farm.
            (3) The payment yield for the farm.

    (e) Time for Payment.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall make direct payments--
                    (A) in the case of the 2002 crop year, as soon as 
                practicable after the date of enactment of this Act; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Deadline.>> in the case of each of the 
                2003 through 2007 crop years, not later than September 
                30 of the calendar year in which the crop is harvested.
            (2) Advance payments.--At the option of the producers on a 
        farm, up to 50 percent of the direct payment for any of the 2003 
        through 2007 crop years shall be paid to the producers in 
        advance. The producers shall select the month within which the 
        advance payment for a crop year will be made. The month selected 
        may be any month during the period beginning on December 1 of 
        the calendar year before the calendar year in which the crop is 
        harvested through the month within which the direct payment 
        would otherwise be made. The producers may change the selected 
        month for a subsequent advance payment by providing advance 
        notice to the Secretary.
            (3) Repayment of advance payments.--If a producer on a farm 
        that receives an advance direct payment for a crop

[[Page 116 STAT. 171]]

        year ceases to be a producer on that farm, or the extent to 
        which the producer shares in the risk of producing a crop 
        changes, before the date the remainder of the direct payment is 
        made, the producer shall be responsible for repaying the 
        Secretary the applicable amount of the advance payment, as 
        determined by the Secretary.

SEC. 1304. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7954.>>  AVAILABILITY OF COUNTER-CYCLICAL 
            PAYMENTS FOR PEANUTS.

    (a) Payment Required.--
            (1) In general.--During the 2002 through 2007 crop years for 
        peanuts, the Secretary shall make counter-cyclical payments 
        under this section with respect to peanuts if the Secretary 
        determines that the effective price for peanuts is less than the 
        target price for peanuts.
            (2) 2002 crop year.--If counter-cyclical payments are 
        required for the 2002 crop year, the Secretary shall make the 
        payments to historic peanut producers.
            (3) Subsequent crop years.--If counter-cyclical payments are 
        required for any of the 2003 through 2007 crop years for 
        peanuts, the Secretary shall make the payments to the producers 
        on a farm to which a payment yield and base acres for peanuts 
        are assigned under section 1302.

    (b) Effective Price.--For purposes of subsection (a), the effective 
price for peanuts is equal to the sum of the following:
            (1) The higher of the following:
                    (A) The national average market price for peanuts 
                received by producers during the 12-month marketing year 
                for peanuts, as determined by the Secretary.
                    (B) The national average loan rate for a marketing 
                assistance loan for peanuts in effect for the applicable 
                period under this subtitle.
            (2) The payment rate in effect under section 1303 for the 
        purpose of making direct payments.

    (c) Target Price.--For purposes of subsection (a), the target price 
for peanuts shall be equal to $495 per ton.
    (d) Payment Rate.--The payment rate used to make counter-cyclical 
payments for a crop year shall be equal to the difference between--
            (1) the target price; and
            (2) the effective price determined under subsection (b).

    (e) Payment Amount for 2002 Crop Year.--If counter-cyclical payments 
are required to be paid for the 2002 crop of peanuts, the amount of the 
counter-cyclical payment to be paid to an historic peanut producer for 
that crop year shall be equal to the product of the following:
            (1) The payment rate specified in subsection (d).
            (2) The payment acres of the historic peanut producer.
            (3) The average peanut yield determined under section 
        1302(a)(1) for the historic peanut producer.

    (f) Payment Amount for Subsequent Crop Years.--If counter-cyclical 
payments are required to be paid for any of the 2003 through 2007 crops 
of peanuts, the amount of the counter-cyclical payment to be paid to the 
producers on a farm for that crop year shall be equal to the product of 
the following:
            (1) The payment rate specified in subsection (d).
            (2) The payment acres on the farm.

[[Page 116 STAT. 172]]

            (3) The payment yield for the farm.

    (g) Time for Payments.--
            (1) General rule.--If the Secretary determines under 
        subsection (a) that counter-cyclical payments are required to be 
        made under this section for a crop year, the Secretary shall 
        make the counter-cyclical payments as soon as practicable after 
        the end of the 12-month marketing year for the crop.
            (2) Availability of partial payments.--If, before the end of 
        the 12-month marketing year, the Secretary estimates that 
        counter-cyclical payments will be required under this section 
        for a crop year, the Secretary shall give producers on a farm 
        (or, in the case of the 2002 crop year, historic peanut 
        producers) the option to receive partial payments of the 
        counter-cyclical payment projected to be made for that crop.
            (3) Time for partial payments.--
                    (A) 2002 through 2006 crop years.--When the 
                Secretary makes partial payments available under 
                paragraph (2) for any of the 2002 through 2006 crop 
                years--
                          (i) the first partial payment for the crop 
                      year shall be made not earlier than October 1, 
                      and, to the maximum extent practicable, not later 
                      than October 31, of the calendar year in which the 
                      crop is harvested;
                          (ii) the second partial payment shall be made 
                      not earlier than February 1 of the next calendar 
                      year; and
                          (iii) the final partial payment shall be made 
                      as soon as practicable after the end of the 12-
                      month marketing year for that crop.
                    (B) 2007 crop year.--When the Secretary makes 
                partial payments available for the 2007 crop year--
                          (i) the first partial payment shall be made 
                      after completion of the first 6 months of the 
                      marketing year for that crop; and
                          (ii) the final partial payment shall be made 
                      as soon as practicable after the end of the 12-
                      month marketing year for that crop.
            (4) Amount of partial payments.--
                    (A) 2002 crop year.--
                          (i) First partial payment.--In the case of the 
                      2002 crop year, the first partial payment under 
                      paragraph (3) to an historic peanut producer may 
                      not exceed 35 percent of the projected counter-
                      cyclical payment for the crop year, as determined 
                      by the Secretary.
                          (ii) Second partial payment.--The second 
                      partial payment may not exceed the difference 
                      between--
                                    (I) 70 percent of the projected 
                                counter-cyclical payment (including any 
                                revision thereof) for the 2002 crop 
                                year; and
                                    (II) the amount of the payment made 
                                under clause (i).
                          (iii) Final payment.--The final payment shall 
                      be equal to the difference between--
                                    (I) the actual counter-cyclical 
                                payment to be made to the historic 
                                peanut producer; and
                                    (II) the amount of the partial 
                                payments made to the historic peanut 
                                producer under clauses (i) and (ii).

[[Page 116 STAT. 173]]

                    (B) 2003 through 2006 crop years.--
                          (i) First partial payment.--For each of the 
                      2003 through 2006 crop years, the first partial 
                      payment under paragraph (3) to the producers on a 
                      farm may not exceed 35 percent of the projected 
                      counter-cyclical payment for the crop year, as 
                      determined by the Secretary.
                          (ii) Second partial payment.--The second 
                      partial payment for a crop year may not exceed the 
                      difference between--
                                    (I) 70 percent of the projected 
                                counter-cyclical payment (including any 
                                revision thereof) for the crop year; and
                                    (II) the amount of the payment made 
                                under clause (i).
                          (iii) Final payment.--The final payment for a 
                      crop year shall be equal to the difference 
                      between--
                                    (I) the actual counter-cyclical 
                                payment to be made to the producers for 
                                that crop year; and
                                    (II) the amount of the partial 
                                payments made to the producers under 
                                clauses (i) and (ii) for that crop year.
                    (C) 2007 crop year.--
                          (i) First partial payment.--For the 2007 crop 
                      year, the first partial payment under paragraph 
                      (3) to the producers on a farm may not exceed 40 
                      percent of the projected counter-cyclical payment 
                      for the crop year, as determined by the Secretary.
                          (ii) Final payment.--The final payment for the 
                      2007 crop year shall be equal to the difference 
                      between--
                                    (I) the actual counter-cyclical 
                                payment to be made to the producers for 
                                that crop year; and
                                    (II) the amount of the partial 
                                payment made to the producers under 
                                clause (i).
            (5) Repayment.--The producers on a farm (or, in the case of 
        the 2002 crop year, historic peanut producers) that receive a 
        partial payment under this subsection for a crop year shall 
        repay to the Secretary the amount, if any, by which the total of 
        the partial payments exceed the actual counter-cyclical payment 
        to be made for that crop year.

SEC. 1305. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7955.>>  PRODUCER AGREEMENT REQUIRED AS 
            CONDITION ON PROVISION OF DIRECT PAYMENTS AND COUNTER-
            CYCLICAL PAYMENTS.

    (a) Compliance With Certain Requirements.--
            (1) Requirements.--Before the producers on a farm may 
        receive direct payments or counter-cyclical payments under this 
        subtitle with respect to the farm, the producers shall agree, 
        during the crop year for which the payments are made and in 
        exchange for the payments--
                    (A) to comply with applicable conservation 
                requirements under subtitle B of title XII of the Food 
                Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3811 et seq.);
                    (B) to comply with applicable wetland protection 
                requirements under subtitle C of title XII of that Act 
                (16 U.S.C. 3821 et seq.);

[[Page 116 STAT. 174]]

                    (C) to comply with the planting flexibility 
                requirements of section 1306;
                    (D) to use the land on the farm, in a quantity equal 
                to the attributable base acres for peanuts and any base 
                acres for the farm under subtitle A, for an agricultural 
                or conserving use, and not for a nonagricultural 
                commercial or industrial use, as determined by the 
                Secretary; and
                    (E) to effectively control noxious weeds and 
                otherwise maintain the land in accordance with sound 
                agricultural practices, as determined by the Secretary, 
                if the agricultural or conserving use involves the 
                noncultivation of any portion of the land referred to in 
                subparagraph (D).
            (2) Compliance.--The Secretary may issue such rules as the 
        Secretary considers necessary to ensure producer compliance with 
        the requirements of paragraph (1).
            (3) Modification.--At the request of the transferee or 
        owner, the Secretary may modify the requirements of this 
        subsection if the modifications are consistent with the 
        objectives of this subsection, as determined by the Secretary.

    (b) Transfer or Change of Interest in Farm.--
            (1) Termination.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), a 
        transfer of (or change in) the interest of the producers on a 
        farm in the base acres for peanuts for which direct payments or 
        counter-cyclical payments are made shall result in the 
        termination of the payments with respect to those acres, unless 
        the transferee or owner of the acreage agrees to assume all 
        obligations under subsection (a). The termination shall take 
        effect on the date determined by the Secretary.
            (2) Exception.--If a producer entitled to a direct payment 
        or counter-cyclical payment dies, becomes incompetent, or is 
        otherwise unable to receive the payment, the Secretary shall 
        make the payment, in accordance with rules issued by the 
        Secretary.

    (c) Acreage Reports.--As a condition on the receipt of direct 
payments, counter-cyclical payments, marketing assistance loans, or loan 
deficiency payments under this subtitle, the Secretary shall require the 
producers on a farm to which a payment yield and base acres for peanuts 
are assigned under section 1302 to submit to the Secretary annual 
acreage reports with respect to all cropland on the farm.
    (d) Tenants and Sharecroppers.--In carrying out this subtitle, the 
Secretary shall provide adequate safeguards to protect the interests of 
tenants and sharecroppers.
    (e) Sharing of Payments.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
sharing of direct payments and counter-cyclical payments among the 
producers on a farm on a fair and equitable basis.

SEC. 1306. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7956.>>  PLANTING FLEXIBILITY.

    (a) Permitted Crops.--Subject to subsection (b), any commodity or 
crop may be planted on the base acres for peanuts on a farm.
    (b) Limitations Regarding Certain Commodities.--
            (1) General limitation.--The planting of an agricultural 
        commodity specified in paragraph (2) shall be prohibited on base 
        acres for peanuts unless the commodity, if planted, is destroyed 
        before harvest.

[[Page 116 STAT. 175]]

            (2) Treatment of trees and other perennials.--The planting 
        of an agricultural commodity specified in paragraph (3) that is 
        produced on a tree or other perennial plant shall be prohibited 
        on base acres for peanuts.
            (3) Covered agricultural commodities.--Paragraphs (1) and 
        (2) apply to the following agricultural commodities:
                    (A) Fruits.
                    (B) Vegetables (other than lentils, mung beans, and 
                dry peas).
                    (C) Wild rice.

    (c) Exceptions.--Paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (b) shall not 
limit the planting of an agricultural commodity specified in paragraph 
(3) of that subsection--
            (1) in any region in which there is a history of double-
        cropping of peanuts with agricultural commodities specified in 
        subsection (b)(3), as determined by the Secretary, in which case 
        the double-cropping shall be permitted;
            (2) on a farm that the Secretary determines has a history of 
        planting agricultural commodities specified in subsection (b)(3) 
        on the base acres for peanuts, except that direct payments and 
        counter-cyclical payments shall be reduced by an acre for each 
        acre planted to such an agricultural commodity; or
            (3) by the producers on a farm that the Secretary determines 
        has an established planting history of a specific agricultural 
        commodity specified in subsection (b)(3), except that--
                    (A) the quantity planted may not exceed the average 
                annual planting history of such agricultural commodity 
                by the producers on the farm in the 1991 through 1995 or 
                1998 through 2001 crop years (excluding any crop year in 
                which no plantings were made), as determined by the 
                Secretary; and
                    (B) direct payments and counter-cyclical payments 
                shall be reduced by an acre for each acre planted to 
                such agricultural commodity.

SEC. 1307. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7957.>>  MARKETING ASSISTANCE LOANS AND LOAN 
            DEFICIENCY PAYMENTS FOR PEANUTS.

    (a) Nonrecourse Loans Available.--
            (1) Availability.--For each of the 2002 through 2007 crops 
        of peanuts, the Secretary shall make available to producers on a 
        farm nonrecourse marketing assistance loans for peanuts produced 
        on the farm. The loans shall be made under terms and conditions 
        that are prescribed by the Secretary and at the loan rate 
        established under subsection (b).
            (2) Eligible production.--The producers on a farm shall be 
        eligible for a marketing assistance loan under this subsection 
        for any quantity of peanuts produced on the farm.
            (3) Treatment of certain commingled commodities.--In 
        carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall make loans to 
        producers on a farm that would be eligible to obtain a marketing 
        assistance loan, but for the fact the peanuts owned by the 
        producers on the farm are commingled with other peanuts in 
        facilities unlicensed for the storage of agricultural 
        commodities by the Secretary or a State licensing authority, if 
        the producers obtaining the loan agree to immediately redeem the 
        loan collateral in accordance with section 166 of the Federal

[[Page 116 STAT. 176]]

        Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7286).
            (4) Options for obtaining loan.--A marketing assistance loan 
        under this subsection, and loan deficiency payments under 
        subsection (e), may be obtained at the option of the producers 
        on a farm through--
                    (A) a designated marketing association or marketing 
                cooperative of producers that is approved by the 
                Secretary; or
                    (B) the Farm Service Agency.
            (5) Storage of loan peanuts.--As a condition on the 
        Secretary's approval of an individual or entity to provide 
        storage for peanuts for which a marketing assistance loan is 
        made under this section, the individual or entity shall agree--
                    (A) to provide such storage on a nondiscriminatory 
                basis; and
                    (B) to comply with such additional requirements as 
                the Secretary considers appropriate to accomplish the 
                purposes of this section and promote fairness in the 
                administration of the benefits of this section.
            (6) Payment of peanut storage costs.--Effective for the 2002 
        through 2006 crops of peanuts, to ensure proper storage of 
        peanuts for which a loan is made under this section, the 
        Secretary shall use the funds of the Commodity Credit 
        Corporation to pay storage, handling, and other associated 
        costs. This authority terminates beginning with the 2007 crop of 
        peanuts.
            (7) Marketing.--A marketing association or cooperative may 
        market peanuts for which a loan is made under this section in 
        any manner that conforms to consumer needs, including the 
        separation of peanuts by type and quality.

    (b) Loan Rate.--The loan rate for a marketing assistance loan under 
for peanuts subsection (a) shall be equal to $355 per ton.
    (c) Term of Loan.--
            (1) In general.--A marketing assistance loan for peanuts 
        under subsection (a) shall have a term of 9 months beginning on 
        the first day of the first month after the month in which the 
        loan is made.
            (2) Extensions prohibited.--The Secretary may not extend the 
        term of a marketing assistance loan for peanuts under subsection 
        (a).

    (d) Repayment Rate.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall permit producers on a 
        farm to repay a marketing assistance loan for peanuts under 
        subsection (a) at a rate that is the lesser of--
                    (A) the loan rate established for peanuts under 
                subsection (b), plus interest (determined in accordance 
                with section 163 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement 
                and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7283)); or
                    (B) a rate that the Secretary determines will--
                          (i) minimize potential loan forfeitures;
                          (ii) minimize the accumulation of stocks of 
                      peanuts by the Federal Government;
                          (iii) minimize the cost incurred by the 
                      Federal Government in storing peanuts; and
                          (iv) allow peanuts produced in the United 
                      States to be marketed freely and competitively, 
                      both domestically and internationally.

[[Page 116 STAT. 177]]

            (2) Good faith exception to beneficial interest 
        requirement.--For the 2002 crop year only, in the case of the 
        producers on a farm that marketed or otherwise lost beneficial 
        interest in the peanuts for which a marketing assistance loan 
        was made under this section before repaying the loan, the 
        Secretary shall permit the producers to repay the loan at the 
        applicable repayment rate that was in effect for peanuts under 
        this subsection on the date that the producers lost beneficial 
        interest, as determined by the Secretary, if the Secretary 
        determines the producers acted in good faith.

    (e) Loan Deficiency Payments.--
            (1) Availability.--The Secretary may make loan deficiency 
        payments available to producers on a farm that, although 
        eligible to obtain a marketing assistance loan for peanuts under 
        subsection (a), agree to forgo obtaining the loan for the 
        peanuts in return for loan deficiency payments under this 
        subsection.
            (2) Computation.--A loan deficiency payment under this 
        subsection shall be computed by multiplying--
                    (A) the payment rate determined under paragraph (3) 
                for peanuts; by
                    (B) the quantity of the peanuts produced by the 
                producers, excluding any quantity for which the 
                producers obtain a marketing assistance loan under 
                subsection (a).
            (3) Payment rate.--For purposes of this subsection, the 
        payment rate shall be the amount by which--
                    (A) the loan rate established under subsection (b); 
                exceeds
                    (B) the rate at which a loan may be repaid under 
                subsection (d).
            (4) Effective date for payment rate determination.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall determine the 
                amount of the loan deficiency payment to be made under 
                this subsection to the producers on a farm with respect 
                to a quantity of peanuts using the payment rate in 
                effect under paragraph (3) as of the date the producers 
                request the payment.
                    (B) Special rule for 2002 crop year.--For the 2002 
                crop year only, the Secretary shall determine the amount 
                of the loan deficiency payment to be made under this 
                subsection to the producers on a farm with respect to a 
                quantity of peanuts using the payment rate in effect 
                under paragraph (3) as of the earlier of the following:
                          (i) The date on which the producers marketed 
                      or otherwise lost beneficial interest in the crop, 
                      as determined by the Secretary.
                          (ii) The date the producers request the 
                      payment.

    (f) Compliance With Conservation and Wetlands Requirements.--As a 
condition of the receipt of a marketing assistance loan under subsection 
(a), the producer shall comply with applicable conservation requirements 
under subtitle B of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3811 et seq.) and applicable wetland protection requirements 
under subtitle C of title XII of that Act (16 U.S.C. 3821 et seq.) 
during the term of the loan.
    (g) Reimbursable Agreements and Payment of Administrative 
Expenses.--The Secretary may implement any reimbursable agreements or 
provide for the payment of administrative expenses

[[Page 116 STAT. 178]]

under this subtitle only in a manner that is consistent with such 
activities in regard to other commodities.

SEC. 1308. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7958.>>  MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

    (a) Mandatory Inspection.--All peanuts marketed in the United States 
shall be officially inspected and graded by Federal or Federal-State 
inspectors.
    (b) Termination of Peanut Administrative Committee.--The Peanut 
Administrative Committee established under Marketing Agreement No. 146 
issued pursuant to the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 601 et 
seq.), reenacted with amendments by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement 
Act of 1937, is terminated.
    (c) Peanut Standards Board.--
            (1) Establishment and purpose.--The Secretary shall 
        establish a Peanut Standards Board for the purpose of advising 
        the Secretary regarding the establishment of quality and 
        handling standards for domestically produced and imported 
        peanuts.
            (2) Membership and appointment.--
                    (A) Total members.--The Board shall consist of 18 
                members, with representation equally divided between 
                peanut producers and peanut industry representatives.
                    (B) Appointment process for producers.--The 
                Secretary shall appoint--
                          (i) 3 producers from the Southeast (Alabama, 
                      Georgia, and Florida) peanut producing region;
                          (ii) 3 producers from the Southwest (Texas, 
                      Oklahoma, and New Mexico) peanut producing region; 
                      and
                          (iii) 3 producers from the Virginia/Carolina 
                      (Virginia and North Carolina) peanut producing 
                      region.
                    (C) Appointment process for industry 
                representatives.--The Secretary shall appoint 3 peanut 
                industry representatives from each of the 3 peanut 
                producing regions in the United States.
            (3) Terms.--
                    (A) In general.--A member of the Board shall serve a 
                3-year term.
                    (B) Initial appointment.--In making the initial 
                appointments to the Board, the Secretary shall stagger 
                the terms of the members so that--
                          (i) 1 producer member and peanut industry 
                      member from each peanut producing region serves a 
                      1-year term;
                          (ii) 1 producer member and peanut industry 
                      member from each peanut producing region serves a 
                      2-year term; and
                          (iii) 1 producer member and peanut industry 
                      member from each peanut producing region serves a 
                      3-year term.
            (4) Consultation required.--The Secretary shall consult with 
        the Board in advance whenever the Secretary establishes or 
        changes, or considers the establishment of or a change to, 
        quality and handling standards for peanuts.
            (5) Federal advisory committee act.--The Federal Advisory 
        Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the Board.

[[Page 116 STAT. 179]]

    (d) Priority.--The Secretary shall make identifying and combating 
the presence of all quality concerns related to peanuts a priority in 
the development of quality and handling standards for peanuts and in the 
inspection of domestically produced and imported peanuts. The Secretary 
shall consult with appropriate Federal and State agencies to provide 
adequate safeguards against all quality concerns related to peanuts.
    (e) Consistent Standards.--Imported peanuts shall be subject to the 
same quality and handling standards as apply to domestically produced 
peanuts.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--In addition to other funds that are 
        available to carry out this section, there is authorized to be 
        appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this 
        section.
            (2) Treatment of board expenses.--The expenses of the Peanut 
        Standards Board shall not be counted toward any general 
        limitation on the expenses of advisory committees, panels, 
        commissions, and task forces of the Department of Agriculture, 
        whether enacted before, on, or after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, unless the limitation specifically refers to this 
        paragraph and specifically includes the Peanut Standards Board 
        within the general limitation.

    (g) Transition Rule.--
            (1) Temporary designation of peanut administrative committee 
        members.--Notwithstanding the appointment process specified in 
        subsection (c) for the Peanut Standards Board, during the 
        transition period, the Secretary may designate persons serving 
        as members of the Peanut Administrative Committee on the day 
        before the date of enactment of this Act to serve as members of 
        the Peanut Standards Board for the purpose of carrying out the 
        duties of the Board described in this section.
            (2) Funds.--The Secretary may transfer any funds available 
        to carry out the activities of the Peanut Administrative 
        Committee to the Peanut Standards Board to carry out the duties 
        of the Board described in this section.
            (3) Transition period.--In paragraph (1), the term 
        ``transition period'' means the period beginning on the date of 
        enactment of this Act and ending on the earlier of--
                    (A) the date the Secretary appoints the members of 
                the Peanut Standards Board pursuant to subsection (c); 
                or
                    (B) 180 days after the date of enactment of this 
                Act.

    (h) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect with the 2002 
crop of peanuts.

SEC. 1309. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7959.>>  TERMINATION OF MARKETING QUOTA 
            PROGRAMS FOR PEANUTS AND COMPENSATION TO PEANUT QUOTA 
            HOLDERS FOR LOSS OF QUOTA ASSET VALUE.

    (a) Repeal of Marketing Quota.--
            (1) Repeal.--Part VI of subtitle B of title III of the 
        Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1357-1359a), 
        relating to peanuts, is repealed.
            (2) Treatment of 2001 crop.--Part VI of subtitle B of title 
        III of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1357-
        1359a), as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of 
        this Act, shall continue to apply with respect to the

[[Page 116 STAT. 180]]

        2001 crop of peanuts notwithstanding the amendment made by 
        paragraph (1). Section 1308(g)(2) shall also apply to the 2001 
        crop of peanuts.

    (b) Compensation Contract Required.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall offer to enter into a 
        contract with each person that the Secretary determines is an 
        eligible peanut quota holder under subsection (f) for the 
        purpose of providing compensation for the lost value of the 
        quota on account of the repeal of the marketing quota program 
        for peanuts under subsection (a).
            (2) Payment period.--The Secretary shall make payments under 
        the contracts during fiscal years 2002 through 2006.

    (c) Time for Payment.--
            (1) Payment in installments.--The payments required under 
        the contracts shall be provided in 5 equal installments not 
        later than September 30 of each of fiscal years 2002 through 
        2006.
            (2) Single payment.--At the request of an eligible peanut 
        quota holder entitled to payments under a contract, the 
        Secretary shall provide the entire payment amount determined 
        under subsection (d) with respect to the eligible peanut quota 
        holder for the 5 fiscal years in a single lump sum during the 
        fiscal year specified by the eligible peanut quota holder.

    (d) Payment Amount.--The amount of the payment for a fiscal year to 
an eligible peanut quota holder under a contract shall be equal to the 
product obtained by multiplying--
            (1) $0.11 per pound; by
            (2) the number of pounds of quota with respect to which the 
        person qualifies as a peanut quota holder under subsection (f).

    (e) Assignment of Payments.--The provisions of section 8(g) of the 
Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act (16 U.S.C. 590h(g)), 
relating to assignment of payments, shall apply to the payments made 
under the contracts. A person making an assignment of the payment, or 
the assignee, shall provide the Secretary with notice, in such manner as 
the Secretary may require, of any assignment made under this subsection.
    (f) Eligible Peanut Quota Holder.--
            (1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in this 
        subsection, the Secretary shall consider a person to be an 
        eligible peanut quota holder for the purposes of this section if 
        the person, as of the date of enactment of this Act, owned a 
        farm that, also as of that date, was eligible for a permanent 
        peanut quota under section 358-1(b) of the Agricultural 
        Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1358-1(b)), irrespective of 
        temporary leases, transfers of quotas for seed, or quotas for 
        experimental purposes.
            (2) Effect of purchase contract.--If there was a written 
        contract for the purchase of all or a portion of a farm 
        described in paragraph (1) as of the date of enactment of this 
        Act and the parties to the sale are unable to agree to the 
        disposition of eligibility for payments under this section, the 
        Secretary, taking into account any incomplete permanent transfer 
        of quota that has otherwise been agreed to, shall provide for 
        the equitable division of the payments among the parties by 
        adjusting the determination of who is the eligible peanut quota 
        holder with respect to particular pounds of the quota.

[[Page 116 STAT. 181]]

            (3) Effect of agreement for permanent quota transfer.--If 
        the Secretary determines that there was in existence, as of the 
        date of enactment of this Act, an agreement for the permanent 
        transfer of quota, but that the transfer was not completed by 
        that date, the Secretary shall consider the peanut quota holder 
        to be the party to the agreement who, as of that date, was the 
        owner of the farm to which the quota was to be transferred.
            (4) Protected bases.--A person that owns a farm with a 
        peanut poundage quota which is protected under a conservation 
        reserve program contract entered into under section 1231 of the 
        Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831) shall be considered 
        to be an eligible quota holder with respect to the protected 
        poundage.
            (5) Secretarial discretion.--Notwithstanding the preceding 
        paragraphs, the Secretary may declare a person to be the 
        eligible peanut quota holder with respect to certain pounds of 
        quota or otherwise for purposes of this section if the Secretary 
        considers the declaration is needed to insure a fair and 
        equitable administration of the payments provided for in this 
        section, so long as the Secretary does not, in exercising this 
        authority, effectively increase the total quota in excess of the 
        quota that was available to all producers for the 2001 crop year 
        for other than seed or experimental use.
            (6) Limitation on quantity of quota held.--A person shall be 
        considered an eligible peanut quota holder for purposes of this 
        section only with respect to that number of permanent pounds 
        that qualifies the person as a peanut quota holder under one of 
        the preceding paragraphs. The determination of the peanut 
        poundage amount for which the person qualifies shall be made 
        based on the 2001 crop quota levels and shall take into account 
        sales of the farm that occurred before the date of enactment of 
        this Act and any permanent transfers of quota that took place 
        before that date, consistent with the preceding paragraphs. The 
        Secretary shall not take into account, or allow eligibility for, 
        quotas for seed, granted as experimental quotas, or obtained by 
        temporary lease or transfer.

    (g) Successions in Payment Eligibility and Attachment of Eligibility 
to Persons.--
            (1) Eligibility attaches to persons.--Once a person is 
        eligible for payments under this section, as determined under 
        subsection (f), the continued eligibility of the person for the 
        payments does not run with a farm, but shall remain with the 
        person for the term of this section irrespective of whether the 
        person sells, or continues to have an interest in, the farm that 
        had the quota that qualified the person as an eligible peanut 
        quota holder under subsection (f) and irrespective of whether 
        the person has a continuing interest in the production of 
        peanuts.
            (2) Succession.--If a person eligible for payments under 
        this section dies, in the case of an individual, or ceases to 
        exist, in the case of other persons, the payment eligibility of 
        the person shall pass to the person's personal or organizational 
        successor, as determined by the Secretary.

    (h) Conforming Amendments.--

[[Page 116 STAT. 182]]

            (1) Administrative provisions.--Section 361 of the 
        Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1361) is amended 
        by striking ``peanuts,''.
            (2) Adjustment of quotas.--Section 371 of the Agricultural 
        Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1371) is amended--
                    (A) in the first sentence of subsection (a), by 
                striking ``peanuts,''; and
                    (B) in the first sentence of subsection (b), by 
                striking ``peanuts''.
            (3) Reports and records.--Section 373 of the Agricultural 
        Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1373) is amended--
                    (A) in the first sentence of subsection (a)--
                          (i) by striking ``peanuts,'' each place it 
                      appears;
                          (ii) by inserting ``and'' after ``from 
                      producers,''; and
                          (iii) by striking ``for producers, all'' and 
                      all that follows through the period at the end of 
                      the sentence and inserting ``for producers.''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``peanuts,''.
            (4) Eminent domain.--Section 378(c) of the Agricultural 
        Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1378(c)) is amended in the 
        first sentence--
                    (A) by striking ``cotton,'' and inserting ``cotton 
                and''; and
                    (B) by striking ``and peanuts,''.

SEC. 1310. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7960.>>  REPEAL OF SUPERSEDED PRICE SUPPORT 
            AUTHORITY AND EFFECT OF REPEAL.

    (a) Repeal of Price Support Authority.--
            (1) In general.--Section 155 of the Federal Agriculture 
        Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7271) is repealed.
            (2) Conforming amendments.--The Agricultural Act of 1949 (7 
        U.S.C. 1441 et seq.) is amended--
                    (A) in section 101(b) (7 U.S.C. 1441(b)), by 
                striking ``and peanuts''; and
                    (B) in section 408(c) (7 U.S.C. 1428(c)), by 
                striking ``peanuts,''.
            (3) Technical amendment.--The chapter heading of chapter 2 
        of subtitle D of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform 
        Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. prec. 7271) is amended by striking 
        ``PEANUTS AND''.

    (b) Disposal.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law or 
previous declaration made by the Secretary, the Secretary shall ensure 
that the disposal of all peanuts for which a loan for the 2001 crop of 
peanuts was made under section 155 of the Federal Agriculture 
Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7271) before the date of 
enactment of this Act is carried out in a manner that prevents price 
disruptions in the domestic and international markets for peanuts.
    (c) Treatment of Crop Insurance Policies for 2002 Crop Year.--
            (1) Applicability.--This subsection shall apply for the 2002 
        crop year only notwithstanding any other provision of law or 
        crop insurance policy.
            (2) Price election.--The nonquota price election for 
        segregation I, II, and III peanuts shall be 17.75 cents per 
        pound

[[Page 116 STAT. 183]]

        and shall be used for all aspects of the policy relating to the 
        calculations of premium, liability, and indemnities.
            (3) Quality Adjustment.--For the purposes of quality 
        adjustment only, the average support price per pound of peanuts 
        shall be a price equal to 17.75 cents per pound. Quality under 
        the crop insurance policy for peanuts shall be adjusted under 
        procedures issued by the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation.

                            Subtitle D--Sugar

SEC. 1401. SUGAR PROGRAM.

    (a) Extension and Modification of Existing Sugar Program.--Section 
156 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 
U.S.C. 7272) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 156. SUGAR PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Sugarcane.--The Secretary shall make loans available to 
processors of domestically grown sugarcane at a rate equal to 18 cents 
per pound for raw cane sugar.
    ``(b) Sugar Beets.--The Secretary shall make loans available to 
processors of domestically grown sugar beets at a rate equal to 22.9 
cents per pound for refined beet sugar.
    ``(c) Loan Rate Adjustments.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may reduce the loan rate 
        specified in subsection (a) for domestically grown sugarcane and 
        subsection (b) for domestically grown sugar beets if the 
        Secretary determines that negotiated reductions in export 
        subsidies and domestic subsidies provided for sugar of other 
        major sugar growing, producing, and exporting countries in the 
        aggregate exceed the commitments made as part of the Agreement 
        on Agriculture.
            ``(2) Extent of reduction.--The Secretary shall not reduce 
        the loan rate under subsection (a) or (b) below a rate that 
        provides an equal measure of support to that provided by other 
        major sugar growing, producing, and exporting countries, based 
        on an examination of both domestic and export subsidies subject 
        to reduction in the Agreement on Agriculture.
            ``(3) Announcement of reduction.--The Secretary shall 
        announce any loan rate reduction to be made under this 
        subsection as far in advance as is practicable.
            ``(4) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Agreement on agriculture.--The term 
                ``Agreement on Agriculture'' means the Agreement on 
                Agriculture referred to in section 101(d)(2) of the 
                Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3511(d)(2)), or 
                any amendatory or successor agreement.
                    ``(B) Major sugar countries.--The term ``major sugar 
                growing, producing, and exporting countries'' means--
                          ``(i) the countries of the European Union; and
                          ``(ii) the 10 foreign countries not covered by 
                      subparagraph (A) that the Secretary determines 
                      produce the greatest quantity of sugar.

    ``(d) Term of Loans.--

[[Page 116 STAT. 184]]

            ``(1) In general.--A loan under this section during any 
        fiscal year shall be made available not earlier than the 
        beginning of the fiscal year and shall mature at the earlier 
        of--
                    ``(A) the end of the 9-month period beginning on the 
                first day of the first month after the month in which 
                the loan is made; or
                    ``(B) the end of the fiscal year in which the loan 
                is made.
            ``(2) Supplemental loans.--In the case of a loan made under 
        this section in the last 3 months of a fiscal year, the 
        processor may repledge the sugar as collateral for a second loan 
        in the subsequent fiscal year, except that the second loan 
        shall--
                    ``(A) be made at the loan rate in effect at the time 
                the second loan is made; and
                    ``(B) mature in 9 months less the quantity of time 
                that the first loan was in effect.

    ``(e) Loan Type; Processor Assurances.--
            ``(1) Nonrecourse loans.--The Secretary shall carry out this 
        section through the use of nonrecourse loans.
            ``(2) Processor assurances.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall obtain from 
                each processor that receives a loan under this section 
                such assurances as the Secretary considers adequate to 
                ensure that the processor will provide payments to 
                producers that are proportional to the value of the loan 
                received by the processor for the sugar beets and 
                sugarcane delivered by producers to the processor.
                    ``(B) Minimum payments.--
                          ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), the 
                      Secretary may establish appropriate minimum 
                      payments for purposes of this paragraph.
                          ``(ii) Limitation.--In the case of sugar 
                      beets, the minimum payment established under 
                      clause (i) shall not exceed the rate of payment 
                      provided for under the applicable contract between 
                      a sugar beet producer and a sugar beet processor.
                          ``(iii) Effect of disaster.--The Secretary may 
                      not bar a beet sugar processor from eligibility to 
                      obtain a loan under this section because of the 
                      failure of the processor to provide the 
                      appropriate minimum payment established under this 
                      subsection if the failure--
                                    ``(I) occurred during a crop year 
                                prior to the date of enactment of the 
                                Farm Security and Rural Investment Act 
                                of 2002; and
                                    ``(II) was related, at least in 
                                part, to the effects of a natural 
                                disaster, including damage from freeze.
            ``(3) Administration.--The Secretary may not impose or 
        enforce any prenotification requirement, or similar 
        administrative requirement not otherwise in effect on the date 
        of enactment of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
        2002, that has the effect of preventing a processor from 
        electing to forfeit the loan collateral (of an acceptable grade 
        and quality) on the maturity of the loan.

    ``(f) Loans for In-Process Sugar.--

[[Page 116 STAT. 185]]

            ``(1) Definition of in-process sugars and syrups.--In this 
        subsection, the term `in-process sugars and syrups' does not 
        include raw sugar, liquid sugar, invert sugar, invert syrup, or 
        other finished product that is otherwise eligible for a loan 
        under subsection (a) or (b).
            ``(2) Availability.--The Secretary shall make nonrecourse 
        loans available to processors of a crop of domestically grown 
        sugarcane and sugar beets for in-process sugars and syrups 
        derived from the crop.
            ``(3) Loan rate.--The loan rate shall be equal to 80 percent 
        of the loan rate applicable to raw cane sugar or refined beet 
        sugar, as determined by the Secretary on the basis of the source 
        material for the in-process sugars and syrups.
            ``(4) Further processing on forfeiture.--
                    ``(A) In general.--As a condition of the forfeiture 
                of in-process sugars and syrups serving as collateral 
                for a loan under paragraph (2), the processor shall, 
                within such reasonable time period as the Secretary may 
                prescribe and at no cost to the Commodity Credit 
                Corporation, convert the in-process sugars and syrups 
                into raw cane sugar or refined beet sugar of acceptable 
                grade and quality for sugars eligible for loans under 
                subsection (a) or (b).
                    ``(B) Transfer to corporation.--Once the in-process 
                sugars and syrups are fully processed into raw cane 
                sugar or refined beet sugar, the processor shall 
                transfer the sugar to the Commodity Credit Corporation.
                    ``(C) Payment to processor.--On transfer of the 
                sugar, the Secretary shall make a payment to the 
                processor in an amount equal to the amount obtained by 
                multiplying--
                          ``(i) the difference between--
                                    ``(I) the loan rate for raw cane 
                                sugar or refined beet sugar, as 
                                appropriate; and
                                    ``(II) the loan rate the processor 
                                received under paragraph (3); by
                          ``(ii) the quantity of sugar transferred to 
                      the Secretary.
            ``(5) Loan conversion.--If the processor does not forfeit 
        the collateral as described in paragraph (4), but instead 
        further processes the in-process sugars and syrups into raw cane 
        sugar or refined beet sugar and repays the loan on the in-
        process sugars and syrups, the processor may obtain a loan under 
        subsection (a) or (b) for the raw cane sugar or refined beet 
        sugar, as appropriate.
            ``(6) Term of loan.--The term of a loan made under this 
        subsection for a quantity of in-process sugars and syrups, when 
        combined with the term of a loan made with respect to the raw 
        cane sugar or refined beet sugar derived from the in-process 
        sugars and syrups, may not exceed 9 months, consistent with 
        subsection (d).

    ``(g) Avoiding Forfeitures; Corporation Inventory Disposition.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to subsection (e)(3), to the 
        maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall operate the 
        program established under this section at no cost to the Federal 
        Government by avoiding the forfeiture of sugar to the Commodity 
        Credit Corporation.

[[Page 116 STAT. 186]]

            ``(2) Inventory disposition.--
                    ``(A) In general.--To carry out paragraph (1), the 
                Commodity Credit Corporation may accept bids to obtain 
                raw cane sugar or refined beet sugar in the inventory of 
                the Commodity Credit Corporation from (or otherwise make 
                available such commodities, on appropriate terms and 
                conditions, to) processors of sugarcane and processors 
                of sugar beets (acting in conjunction with the producers 
                of the sugarcane or sugar beets processed by the 
                processors) in return for the reduction of production of 
                raw cane sugar or refined beet sugar, as appropriate.
                    ``(B) Additional authority.--The authority provided 
                under this paragraph is in addition to any authority of 
                the Commodity Credit Corporation under any other law.

    ``(h) Information Reporting.--
            ``(1) Duty of processors and refiners to report.--A 
        sugarcane processor, cane sugar refiner, and sugar beet 
        processor shall furnish the Secretary, on a monthly basis, such 
        information as the Secretary may require to administer sugar 
        programs, including the quantity of purchases of sugarcane, 
        sugar beets, and sugar, and production, importation, 
        distribution, and stock levels of sugar.
            ``(2) Duty of producers to report.--
                    ``(A) Proportionate share states.--As a condition of 
                a loan made to a processor for the benefit of a 
                producer, the Secretary shall require each producer of 
                sugarcane located in a State (other than the 
                Commonwealth of Puerto Rico) in which there are in 
                excess of 250 producers of sugarcane to report, in the 
                manner prescribed by the Secretary, the sugarcane yields 
                and acres planted to sugarcane of the producer.
                    ``(B) Other states.--The Secretary may require each 
                producer of sugarcane or sugar beets not covered by 
                subparagraph (A) to report, in a manner prescribed by 
                the Secretary, the yields of, and acres planted to, 
                sugarcane or sugar beets, respectively, of the producer.
            ``(3) Duty of importers to report.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall require an 
                importer of sugars, syrups, or molasses to be used for 
                human consumption or to be used for the extraction of 
                sugar for human consumption to report, in the manner 
                prescribed by the Secretary, the quantities of the 
                products imported by the importer and the sugar content 
                or equivalent of the products.
                    ``(B) Tariff-rate quotas.--Subparagraph (A) shall 
                not apply to sugars, syrups, or molasses that are within 
                the quantities of tariff-rate quotas that are subject to 
                the lower rate of duties.
            ``(4) Penalty.--Any person willfully failing or refusing to 
        furnish the information, or furnishing willfully any false 
        information, shall be subject to a civil penalty of not more 
        than $10,000 for each such violation.
            ``(5) Monthly reports.--Taking into consideration the 
        information received under this subsection, the Secretary shall 
        publish on a monthly basis composite data on production, 
        imports, distribution, and stock levels of sugar.

[[Page 116 STAT. 187]]

    ``(i) Substitution of Refined Sugar.--For purposes of Additional 
U.S. Note 6 to chapter 17 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the 
United States and the reexport programs and polyhydric alcohol program 
administered by the Secretary, all refined sugars (whether derived from 
sugar beets or sugarcane) produced by cane sugar refineries and beet 
sugar processors shall be fully substitutable for the export of sugar 
and sugar-containing products under those programs.
    ``(j) Effective Period.--This section shall be effective only for 
the 1996 through 2007 crops of sugar beets and sugarcane.''.
    (b) Effective <<NOTE: 7 USC 7272 note.>> Date of Assessment 
Termination.--Subsection (f) of section 156 of the Federal Agriculture 
Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7272(f)), as in effect 
immediately before the enactment of the Farm Security and Rural 
Investment Act of 2002, is deemed to have been repealed effective as of 
October 1, 2001.

    (c) Interest Rate.--Section 163 of the Federal Agriculture 
Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7283) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(a) In General.--'' before 
        ``Notwithstanding''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(b) Sugar.--For purposes of this section, raw cane sugar, refined 
beet sugar, and in-process sugar eligible for a loan under section 156 
shall not be considered an agricultural commodity.''.

SEC. 1402. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7971.>> STORAGE FACILITY LOANS.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law and as 
soon as practicable after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Commodity Credit Corporation shall amend part 1436 of title 7, Code of 
Federal Regulations, to establish a sugar storage facility loan program 
to provide financing for processors of domestically-produced sugarcane 
and sugar beets to construct or upgrade storage and handling facilities 
for raw sugars and refined sugars.
    (b) Eligible Processors.--A storage facility loan described in 
subsection (a) shall be made available to any processor of domestically 
produced sugarcane or sugar beets that (as determined by the 
Secretary)--
            (1) has a satisfactory credit history;
            (2) has a need for increased storage capacity, taking into 
        account the effects of marketing allotments; and
            (3) demonstrates an ability to repay the loan.

    (c) Term of Loans.--A storage facility loan described in subsection 
(a) shall--
            (1) have a minimum term of 7 years; and
            (2) be in such amounts and on such terms and conditions 
        (including terms and conditions relating to downpayments, 
        collateral, and eligible facilities) as are normal, customary, 
        and appropriate for the size and commercial nature of the 
        borrower.

SEC. 1403. FLEXIBLE MARKETING ALLOTMENTS FOR SUGAR.

    Part VII of subtitle B of title III of the Agricultural Adjustment 
Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 359aa et seq.) is amended to read as follows:

[[Page 116 STAT. 188]]

           ``PART VII--FLEXIBLE MARKETING ALLOTMENTS FOR SUGAR

``SEC. 359a. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359aa.>>  DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this part:
            ``(1) Mainland state.--The term `mainland State' means a 
        State other than an offshore State.
            ``(2) Offshore state.--The term `offshore State' means a 
        sugarcane producing State located outside of the continental 
        United States.
            ``(3) State.--Notwithstanding section 301, the term `State' 
        means--
                    ``(A) a State;
                    ``(B) the District of Columbia; and
                    ``(C) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
            ``(4) United states.--The term `United States', when used in 
        a geographical sense, means all of the States.

``SEC. 359b. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359bb.>> FLEXIBLE MARKETING ALLOTMENTS FOR 
            SUGAR.

    ``(a) Sugar Estimates.--
            ``(1) In <<NOTE: Deadline.>> general.--Not later than August 
        1 before the beginning of each of the 2002 through 2007 crop 
        years, the Secretary shall estimate--
                    ``(A) the quantity of sugar that will be consumed in 
                the United States during the crop year;
                    ``(B) the quantity of sugar that would provide for 
                reasonable carryover stocks;
                    ``(C) the quantity of sugar that will be available 
                from carry-in stocks for consumption in the United 
                States during the crop year;
                    ``(D) the quantity of sugar that will be available 
                from the domestic processing of sugarcane and sugar 
                beets; and
                    ``(E) the quantity of sugars, syrups, and molasses 
                that will be imported for human consumption or to be 
                used for the extraction of sugar for human consumption 
                in the United States during the crop year, whether such 
                articles are under a tariff-rate quota or are in excess 
                or outside of a tariff-rate quota.
            ``(2) Exclusion.--The estimates under this subsection shall 
        not apply to sugar imported for the production of polyhydric 
        alcohol or to any sugar refined and reexported in refined form 
        or in products containing sugar.
            ``(3) Reestimates.--The Secretary shall make reestimates of 
        sugar consumption, stocks, production, and imports for a crop 
        year as necessary, but no later than the beginning of each of 
        the second through fourth quarters of the crop year.

    ``(b) Sugar Allotments.--
            ``(1) In general.--By the beginning of each crop year, the 
        Secretary shall establish for that crop year appropriate 
        allotments under section 359c for the marketing by processors of 
        sugar processed from sugar beets and from domestically produced 
        sugarcane at a level that the Secretary estimates will result in 
        no forfeitures of sugar to the Commodity Credit Corporation 
        under the loan program for sugar established under section 156 
        of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 
        U.S.C. 7272).

[[Page 116 STAT. 189]]

            ``(2) Products.--The Secretary may include sugar products, 
        whose majority content is sucrose for human consumption, derived 
        from sugarcane, sugar beets, molasses, or sugar in the 
        allotments under paragraph (1) if the Secretary determines it to 
        be appropriate for purposes of this part.

    ``(c) Prohibitions.--
            ``(1) In general.--During any crop year or portion thereof 
        for which marketing allotments have been established, no 
        processor of sugar beets or sugarcane shall market a quantity of 
        sugar in excess of the allocation established for such 
        processor, except to enable another processor to fulfill an 
        allocation established for such other processor or to facilitate 
        the exportation of such sugar.
            ``(2) Civil penalty.--Any processor who knowingly violates 
        paragraph (1) shall be liable to the Commodity Credit 
        Corporation for a civil penalty in an amount equal to 3 times 
        the United States market value, at the time of the commission of 
        the violation, of that quantity of sugar involved in the 
        violation.
            ``(3) Definition of market.--For purposes of this part, the 
        term `market' shall mean to sell or otherwise dispose of in 
        commerce in the United States (including the forfeiture of sugar 
        under the loan program for sugar under section 156 of the 
        Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 
        7272) and, with respect to any integrated processor and refiner, 
        the movement of raw cane sugar into the refining process).

``SEC. 359c. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359cc.>>  ESTABLISHMENT OF FLEXIBLE 
            MARKETING ALLOTMENTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish flexible marketing 
allotments for sugar for any crop year in which the allotments are 
required under section 359b(b) in accordance with this section.
    ``(b) Overall Allotment Quantity.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish the overall 
        quantity of sugar to be allotted for the crop year (in this part 
        referred to as the `overall allotment quantity') by deducting 
        from the sum of the estimated sugar consumption and reasonable 
        carryover stocks (at the end of the crop year) for the crop 
        year, as determined under section 359b(a)--
                    ``(A) 1,532,000 short tons, raw value; and
                    ``(B) carry-in stocks of sugar, including sugar in 
                Commodity Credit Corporation inventory.
            ``(2) Adjustment.--The Secretary shall adjust the overall 
        allotment quantity to avoid the forfeiture of sugar to the 
        Commodity Credit Corporation.

    ``(c) Marketing Allotment for Sugar Derived from Sugar Beets and 
Sugar Derived from Sugarcane.--The overall allotment quantity for the 
crop year shall be allotted between--
            ``(1) sugar derived from sugar beets by establishing a 
        marketing allotment for a crop year at a quantity equal to the 
        product of multiplying the overall allotment quantity for the 
        crop year by 54.35 percent; and
            ``(2) sugar derived from sugarcane by establishing a 
        marketing allotment for a crop year at a quantity equal to the 
        product of multiplying the overall allotment quantity for the 
        crop year by 45.65 percent.

[[Page 116 STAT. 190]]

    ``(d) Filling Cane Sugar and Beet Sugar Allotments.--
            ``(1) Cane sugar.--Each marketing allotment for cane sugar 
        established under this section may only be filled with sugar 
        processed from domestically grown sugarcane.
            ``(2) Beet sugar.--Each marketing allotment for beet sugar 
        established under this section may only be filled with sugar 
        domestically processed from sugar beets.

    ``(e) State Cane Sugar Allotments.--
            ``(1) In general.--The allotment for sugar derived from 
        sugarcane shall be further allotted, among the States in the 
        United States in which sugarcane is produced, after a hearing 
        (if requested by the affected sugarcane processors and growers) 
        and on such notice as the Secretary by regulation may prescribe, 
        in a fair and equitable manner as provided in this subsection 
        and section 359d(b)(1)(D).
            ``(2) Offshore allotment.--
                    ``(A) Collectively.--Prior to the allotment of sugar 
                derived from sugarcane to any other State, 325,000 short 
                tons, raw value shall be allotted to the offshore 
                States.
                    ``(B) Individually.--The collective offshore State 
                allotment provided for under subparagraph (A) shall be 
                further allotted among the offshore States in which 
                sugarcane is produced, after a hearing (if requested by 
                the affected sugarcane processors and growers) and on 
                such notice as the Secretary by regulation may 
                prescribe, in a fair and equitable manner on the basis 
                of--
                          ``(i) past marketings of sugar, based on the 
                      average of the 2 highest years of production of 
                      raw cane sugar from the 1996 through 2000 crops;
                          ``(ii) the ability of processors to market the 
                      sugar covered under the allotments for the crop 
                      year; and
                          ``(iii) past processings of sugar from 
                      sugarcane, based on the 3-year average of the 1998 
                      through 2000 crop years.
            ``(3) Mainland allotment.--The allotment for sugar derived 
        from sugarcane, less the amount provided for under paragraph 
        (2), shall be allotted among the mainland States in the United 
        States in which sugarcane is produced, after a hearing (if 
        requested by the affected sugarcane processors and growers) and 
        on such notice as the Secretary by regulation may prescribe, in 
        a fair and equitable manner on the basis of--
                    ``(A) past marketings of sugar, based on the average 
                of the 2 highest years of production of raw cane sugar 
                from the 1996 through 2000 crops;
                    ``(B) the ability of processors to market the sugar 
                covered under the allotments for the crop year; and
                    ``(C) past processings of sugar from sugarcane, 
                based on the 3 crop years with the greatest processings 
                (in the mainland States collectively) during the 1991 
                through 2000 crop years.

    ``(f) Filling Cane Sugar Allotments.--Except as provided in section 
359e, a State cane sugar allotment established under subsection (e) for 
a crop year may be filled only with sugar processed from sugarcane grown 
in the State covered by the allotment.
    ``(g) Adjustment of Marketing Allotments.--

[[Page 116 STAT. 191]]

            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall, based on reestimates 
        under section 359b(a)(3), adjust upward or downward marketing 
        allotments in a fair and equitable manner, as the Secretary 
        determines appropriate, to reflect changes in estimated sugar 
        consumption, stocks, production, or imports.
            ``(2) Allocation to processors.--In the case of any increase 
        or decrease in an allotment, each allocation to a processor of 
        the allotment under section 359d, and each proportionate share 
        established with respect to the allotment under section 359f(c), 
        shall be increased or decreased by the same percentage that the 
        allotment is increased or decreased.
            ``(3) Carry-over of reductions.--Whenever a marketing 
        allotment for a crop year is required to be reduced during the 
        crop year under this subsection, if, at the time of the 
        reduction, the quantity of sugar marketed exceeds the 
        processor's reduced allocation, the allocation of an allotment 
        next established for the processor shall be reduced by the 
        quantity of the excess sugar marketed.

    ``(h) Suspension of Allotments.--Whenever the Secretary estimates or 
reestimates under section 359b(a), or has reason to believe, that 
imports of sugars, syrups or molasses for human consumption or to be 
used for the extraction of sugar for human consumption, whether under a 
tariff-rate quota or in excess or outside of a tariff-rate quota, will 
exceed 1,532,000 short tons (raw value equivalent) (excluding any 
imports attributable to reassignment under paragraph (1)(D) or (2)(C) of 
section 359e(b)), and that the imports would lead to a reduction of the 
overall allotment quantity, the Secretary shall suspend the marketing 
allotments established under this section until such time as the imports 
have been restricted, eliminated, or reduced to or below the level of 
1,532,000 short tons (raw value equivalent).

``SEC. 359d. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359dd.>> ALLOCATION OF MARKETING ALLOTMENTS.

    ``(a) Allocation to Processors.--Whenever marketing allotments are 
established for a crop year under section 359c, in order to afford all 
interested persons an equitable opportunity to market sugar under an 
allotment, the Secretary shall allocate each such allotment among the 
processors covered by the allotment.
    ``(b) Hearing and Notice.--
            ``(1) Cane sugar.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall make 
                allocations for cane sugar after a hearing, if requested 
                by the affected sugarcane processors and growers, and on 
                such notice as the Secretary by regulation may 
                prescribe, in such manner and in such quantities as to 
                provide a fair, efficient, and equitable distribution of 
                the allocations under this paragraph. Each such 
                allocation shall be subject to adjustment under section 
                359c(g).
                    ``(B) Multiple processor states.--Except as provided 
                in subparagraphs (C) and (D), the Secretary shall 
                allocate the allotment for cane sugar among multiple 
                cane sugar processors in a single State based on--
                          ``(i) past marketings of sugar, based on the 
                      average of the 2 highest years of production of 
                      raw cane sugar from among the 1996 through 2000 
                      crops;

[[Page 116 STAT. 192]]

                          ``(ii) the ability of processors to market 
                      sugar covered by that portion of the allotment 
                      allocated for the crop year; and
                          ``(iii) past processings of sugar from 
                      sugarcane, based on the average of the 3 highest 
                      years of production during the 1996 through 2000 
                      crop years.
                    ``(C) Talisman processing facility.--In the case of 
                allotments under subparagraph (B) attributable to the 
                operations of the Talisman processing facility before 
                the date of enactment of this subparagraph, the 
                Secretary shall allocate the allotment among processors 
                in the State under subparagraph (A) in accordance with 
                the agreements of March 25 and 26, 1999, between the 
                affected processors and the Secretary of the Interior.
                    ``(D) Proportionate share states.--In the case of 
                States subject to section 359f(c), the Secretary shall 
                allocate the allotment for cane sugar among multiple 
                cane sugar processors in a single State based on--
                          ``(i) past marketings of sugar, based on the 
                      average of the 2 highest years of production of 
                      raw cane sugar from among the 1997 through 2001 
                      crop years;
                          ``(ii) the ability of processors to market 
                      sugar covered by that portion of the allotments 
                      allocated for the crop year; and
                          ``(iii) past processings of sugar from 
                      sugarcane, based on the average of the 2 highest 
                      crop years of crop production during the 1997 
                      through 2001 crop years.
                    ``(E) New entrants.--
                          ``(i) In general.--Notwithstanding 
                      subparagraphs (B) and (D), the Secretary, on 
                      application of any processor that begins 
                      processing sugarcane on or after the date of 
                      enactment of this subparagraph, and after a 
                      hearing (if requested by the affected sugarcane 
                      processors and growers) and on such notice as the 
                      Secretary by regulation may prescribe, may provide 
                      the processor with an allocation that provides a 
                      fair, efficient and equitable distribution of the 
                      allocations from the allotment for the State in 
                      which the processor is located.
                          ``(ii) Proportionate share states.--In the 
                      case of proportionate share States, the Secretary 
                      shall establish proportionate shares in a quantity 
                      sufficient to produce the sugarcane required to 
                      satisfy the allocations.
                          ``(iii) Limitations.--The allotment for a new 
                      processor under this subparagraph shall not 
                      exceed--
                                    ``(I) in the case of the first crop 
                                year of operation of a new processor, 
                                50,000 short tons (raw value); and
                                    ``(II) in the case of each 
                                subsequent crop year of operation of the 
                                new processor, a quantity established by 
                                the Secretary in accordance with this 
                                subparagraph and the criteria described 
                                in subparagraph (B) or (D), as 
                                applicable.
                          ``(iv) New entrant states.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Notwithstanding 
                                subparagraphs (A) and (C) of section 
                                359c(e)(3), to

[[Page 116 STAT. 193]]

                                accommodate an allocation under clause 
                                (i) to a new processor located in a new 
                                entrant mainland State, the Secretary 
                                shall provide the new entrant mainland 
                                State with an allotment.
                                    ``(II) Effect on other allotments.--
                                The allotment to any new entrant 
                                mainland State shall be subtracted, on a 
                                pro rata basis, from the allotments 
                                otherwise allotted to each mainland 
                                State under section 359c(e)(3).
                          ``(v) Adverse effects.--Before providing an 
                      initial processor allocation or State allotment to 
                      a new entrant processor or a new entrant State 
                      under this subparagraph, the Secretary shall take 
                      into consideration any adverse effects that the 
                      provision of the allocation or allotment may have 
                      on existing cane processors and producers in 
                      mainland States.
                          ``(vi) Ability to market.--Consistent with 
                      section 359c and this section, any processor 
                      allocation or State allotment made to a new 
                      entrant processor or to a new entrant State under 
                      this subparagraph shall be provided only after the 
                      applicant processor, or the applicable processors 
                      in the State, have demonstrated the ability to 
                      process, produce, and market (including the 
                      transfer or delivery of the raw cane sugar to a 
                      refinery for further processing or marketing) raw 
                      cane sugar for the crop year for which the 
                      allotment is applicable.
                          ``(vii) Prohibition.--Not more than 1 
                      processor allocation provided under this 
                      subparagraph may be applicable to any individual 
                      sugar processing facility.
                    ``(F) Transfer of ownership.--Except as otherwise 
                provided in section 359f(c)(8), if a sugarcane processor 
                is sold or otherwise transferred to another owner or is 
                closed as part of an affiliated corporate group 
                processing consolidation, the Secretary shall transfer 
                the allotment allocation for the processor to the 
                purchaser, new owner, successor in interest, or any 
                remaining processor of an affiliated entity, as 
                applicable, of the processor.
            ``(2) Beet sugar.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in 
                this paragraph and sections 359c(g), 359e(b), and 
                359f(b), the Secretary shall make allocations for beet 
                sugar among beet sugar processors for each crop year 
                that allotments are in effect on the basis of the 
                adjusted weighted average quantity of beet sugar 
                produced by the processors for each of the 1998 through 
                2000 crop years, as determined under this paragraph.
                    ``(B) Quantity.--The quantity of an allocation made 
                for a beet sugar processor for a crop year under 
                subparagraph (A) shall bear the same ratio to the 
                quantity of allocations made for all beet sugar 
                processors for the crop year as the adjusted weighted 
                average quantity of beet sugar produced by the processor 
                (as determined under subparagraphs (C) and (D)) bears to 
                the total of the adjusted weighted average quantities of 
                beet sugar produced by all processors (as so 
                determined).

[[Page 116 STAT. 194]]

                    ``(C) Weighted average quantity.--Subject to 
                subparagraph (D), the weighted quantity of beet sugar 
                produced by a beet sugar processor during each of the 
                1998 through 2000 crop years shall be (as determined by 
                the Secretary)--
                          ``(i) in the case of the 1998 crop year, 25 
                      percent of the quantity of beet sugar produced by 
                      the processor during the crop year;
                          ``(ii) in the case of the 1999 crop year, 35 
                      percent of the quantity of beet sugar produced by 
                      the processor during the crop year; and
                          ``(iii) in the case of the 2000 crop year, 40 
                      percent of the quantity of beet sugar produced by 
                      the processor (including any quantity of sugar 
                      received from the Commodity Credit Corporation) 
                      during the crop year.
                    ``(D) Adjustments.--
                          ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall adjust 
                      the weighted average quantity of beet sugar 
                      produced by a beet sugar processor during the 1998 
                      through 2000 crop years under subparagraph (C) if 
                      the Secretary determines that the processor--
                                    ``(I) during the 1996 through 2000 
                                crop years, opened a sugar beet 
                                processing factory;
                                    ``(II) during the 1998 through 2000 
                                crop years, closed a sugar beet 
                                processing factory;
                                    ``(III) during the 1998 through 2000 
                                crop years, constructed a molasses 
                                desugarization facility; or
                                    ``(IV) during the 1998 through 2000 
                                crop years, suffered substantial quality 
                                losses on sugar beets stored during any 
                                such crop year.
                          ``(ii) Quantity.--The quantity of beet sugar 
                      produced by a beet sugar processor under 
                      subparagraph (C) shall be--
                                    ``(I) in the case of a processor 
                                that opened a sugar beet processing 
                                factory, increased by 1.25 percent of 
                                the total of the adjusted weighted 
                                average quantities of beet sugar 
                                produced by all processors during the 
                                1998 through 2000 crop years (without 
                                consideration of any adjustment under 
                                this subparagraph) for each sugar beet 
                                processing factory that is opened by the 
                                processor;
                                    ``(II) in the case of a processor 
                                that closed a sugar beet processing 
                                factory, decreased by 1.25 percent of 
                                the total of the adjusted weighted 
                                average quantities of beet sugar 
                                produced by all processors during the 
                                1998 through 2000 crop years (without 
                                consideration of any adjustment under 
                                this subparagraph) for each sugar beet 
                                processing factory that is closed by the 
                                processor;
                                    ``(III) in the case of a processor 
                                that constructed a molasses 
                                desugarization facility, increased by 
                                0.25 percent of the total of the 
                                adjusted weighted average quantities of 
                                beet sugar produced by all processors 
                                during the 1998 through 2000 crop years 
                                (without consideration of any adjustment 
                                under this subparagraph) for each

[[Page 116 STAT. 195]]

                                molasses desugarization facility that is 
                                constructed by the processor; and
                                    ``(IV) in the case of a processor 
                                that suffered substantial quality losses 
                                on stored sugar beets, increased by 1.25 
                                percent of the total of the adjusted 
                                weighted average quantities of beet 
                                sugar produced by all processors during 
                                the 1998 through 2000 crop years 
                                (without consideration of any adjustment 
                                under this subparagraph).
                    ``(E) Permanent termination of operations of a 
                processor.--If a processor of beet sugar has been 
                dissolved, liquidated in a bankruptcy proceeding, or 
                otherwise has permanently terminated operations (other 
                than in conjunction with a sale or other disposition of 
                the processor or the assets of the processor), the 
                Secretary shall--
                          ``(i) eliminate the allocation of the 
                      processor provided under this section; and
                          ``(ii) distribute the allocation to other beet 
                      sugar processors on a pro rata basis.
                    ``(F) Sale of all assets of a processor to another 
                processor.--If a processor of beet sugar (or all of the 
                assets of the processor) is sold to another processor of 
                beet sugar, the Secretary shall transfer the allocation 
                of the seller to the buyer unless the allocation has 
                been distributed to other sugar beet processors under 
                subparagraph (E).
                    ``(G) Sale of factories of a processor to another 
                processor.--
                          ``(i) In general.--Subject to subparagraphs 
                      (E) and (F), if 1 or more factories of a processor 
                      of beet sugar (but not all of the assets of the 
                      processor) are sold to another processor of beet 
                      sugar during a crop year, the Secretary shall 
                      assign a pro rata portion of the allocation of the 
                      seller to the allocation of the buyer to reflect 
                      the historical contribution of the production of 
                      the sold factory or factories to the total 
                      allocation of the seller.
                          ``(ii) Application of allocation.--The 
                      assignment of the allocation under clause (i) 
                      shall apply--
                                    ``(I) during the remainder of the 
                                crop year during which the sale 
                                described in clause (i) occurs (referred 
                                to in this subparagraph as the `initial 
                                crop year'); and
                                    ``(II) each subsequent crop year 
                                (referred in this subparagraph as a 
                                `subsequent crop year'), subject to 
                                clause (iii).
                          ``(iii) Subsequent crop years.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The assignment of 
                                the allocation under clause (i) shall 
                                apply during each subsequent crop year 
                                unless the acquired factory or factories 
                                continue in operation for less than the 
                                initial crop year and the first 
                                subsequent crop year.
                                    ``(II) Reassignment.--If the 
                                acquired factory or factories do not 
                                continue in operation for the complete 
                                initial crop year and the first 
                                subsequent

[[Page 116 STAT. 196]]

                                crop year, the Secretary shall reassign 
                                the temporary allocation to other 
                                processors of beet sugar on a pro rata 
                                basis.
                          ``(iv) Use of other factories to fill 
                      allocation.--If the transferred allocation to the 
                      buyer for the purchased factory or factories 
                      cannot be filled by the production of the 
                      purchased factory or factories for the initial 
                      crop year or a subsequent crop year, the remainder 
                      of the transferred allocation may be filled by 
                      beet sugar produced by the buyer from other 
                      factories of the buyer.
                    ``(H) New entrants starting production or reopening 
                factories.--
                          ``(i) In general.--Except as provided by 
                      clause (ii), if an individual or entity that does 
                      not have an allocation of beet sugar under this 
                      part (referred to in this paragraph as a `new 
                      entrant') starts processing sugar beets after the 
                      date of enactment of this subparagraph, or 
                      acquires and reopens a factory that produced beet 
                      sugar during previous crop years that (at the time 
                      of acquisition) has no allocation associated with 
                      the factory under this part, the Secretary shall--
                                    ``(I) assign an allocation for beet 
                                sugar to the new entrant that provides a 
                                fair and equitable distribution of the 
                                allocations for beet sugar; and
                                    ``(II) reduce the allocations for 
                                beet sugar of all other processors on a 
                                pro rata basis to reflect the new 
                                allocation.
                          ``(ii) Exception.--If a new entrant acquires 
                      and reopens a factory that previously produced 
                      beet sugar from sugar beets and from sugar beet 
                      molasses but the factory last processed sugar 
                      beets during the 1997 crop year and the new 
                      entrant starts to process sugar beets at such 
                      factory after the date of enactment of this 
                      clause, the Secretary shall--
                                    ``(I) assign an allocation for beet 
                                sugar to the new entrant that is not 
                                less than the greater of 1.67 percent of 
                                the total of the adjusted weighted 
                                average quantities of beet sugar 
                                produced by all processors during the 
                                1998 through 2000 crop years as 
                                determined under subsection (b)(2)(C), 
                                or 1,500,000 hundredweights; and
                                    ``(II) reduce the allocations for 
                                beet sugar of all other processors on a 
                                pro rata basis to reflect the new 
                                allocation.
                    ``(I) New entrants acquiring ongoing factories with 
                production history.--If a new entrant acquires a factory 
                that has production history during the period of the 
                1998 through 2000 crop years and that is producing beet 
                sugar at the time the allocations are made from a 
                processor that has an allocation of beet sugar, the 
                Secretary shall transfer a portion of the allocation of 
                the seller to the new entrant to reflect the historical 
                contribution of the production of the sold factory to 
                the total allocation of the seller.

[[Page 116 STAT. 197]]

``SEC. 359e. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359ee.>>  REASSIGNMENT OF DEFICITS.

    ``(a) Estimates of Deficits.--At any time allotments are in effect 
under this part, the Secretary, from time to time, shall determine 
whether (in view of then-current inventories of sugar, the estimated 
production of sugar and expected marketings, and other pertinent 
factors) any processor of sugarcane will be unable to market the sugar 
covered by the portion of the State cane sugar allotment allocated to 
the processor and whether any processor of sugar beets will be unable to 
market sugar covered by the portion of the beet sugar allotment 
allocated to the processor.
    ``(b) Reassignment of Deficits.--
            ``(1) Cane sugar.--If the Secretary determines that any 
        sugarcane processor who has been allocated a share of a State 
        cane sugar allotment will be unable to market the processor's 
        allocation of the State's allotment for the crop year--
                    ``(A) the Secretary first shall reassign the 
                estimated quantity of the deficit to the allocations for 
                other processors within that State, depending on the 
                capacity of each other processor to fill the portion of 
                the deficit to be assigned to it and taking into account 
                the interests of producers served by the processors;
                    ``(B) if after the reassignments the deficit cannot 
                be completely eliminated, the Secretary shall reassign 
                the estimated quantity of the deficit proportionately to 
                the allotments for other cane sugar States, depending on 
                the capacity of each other State to fill the portion of 
                the deficit to be assigned to it, with the reassigned 
                quantity to each State to be allocated among processors 
                in that State in proportion to the allocations of the 
                processors;
                    ``(C) if after the reassignments the deficit cannot 
                be completely eliminated, the Secretary shall reassign 
                the estimated quantity of the deficit to the Commodity 
                Credit Corporation and shall sell such quantity of sugar 
                from inventories of the Corporation unless the Secretary 
                determines that such sales would have a significant 
                effect on the price of sugar; and
                    ``(D) if after the reassignments and sales, the 
                deficit cannot be completely eliminated, the Secretary 
                shall reassign the remainder to imports.
            ``(2) Beet sugar.--If the Secretary determines that a sugar 
        beet processor who has been allocated a share of the beet sugar 
        allotment will be unable to market that allocation--
                    ``(A) the Secretary first shall reassign the 
                estimated quantity of the deficit to the allotments for 
                other sugar beet processors, depending on the capacity 
                of each other processor to fill the portion of the 
                deficit to be assigned to it and taking into account the 
                interests of producers served by the processors;
                    ``(B) if after the reassignments the deficit cannot 
                be completely eliminated, the Secretary shall reassign 
                the estimated quantity of the deficit to the Commodity 
                Credit Corporation and shall sell such quantity of sugar 
                from inventories of the Corporation unless the Secretary 
                determines that such sales would have a significant 
                effect on the price of sugar; and

[[Page 116 STAT. 198]]

                    ``(C) if after the reassignments and sales, the 
                deficit cannot be completely eliminated, the Secretary 
                shall reassign the remainder to imports.
            ``(3) Corresponding increase.--The allocation of each 
        processor receiving a reassigned quantity of an allotment under 
        this subsection for a crop year shall be increased to reflect 
        the reassignment.

``SEC. 359f. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359ff.>>  PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO 
            PRODUCERS.

    ``(a) Processor Assurances.--
            ``(1) In general.--If allotments for a crop year are 
        allocated to processors under section 359d, the Secretary shall 
        obtain from the processors such assurances as the Secretary 
        considers adequate that the allocation will be shared among 
        producers served by the processor in a fair and equitable manner 
        that adequately reflects producers' production histories.
            ``(2) Arbitration.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Any dispute between a processor 
                and a producer, or group of producers, with respect to 
                the sharing of the allocation to the processor shall be 
                resolved through arbitration by the Secretary on the 
                request of either party.
                    ``(B) Period.--The <<NOTE: Deadlines.>> arbitration 
                shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be--
                          ``(i) commenced not more than 45 days after 
                      the request; and
                          ``(ii) completed not more than 60 days after 
                      the request.

    ``(b) Sugar Beet Processing Facility Closures.--
            ``(1) In general.--If a sugar beet processing facility is 
        closed and the sugar beet growers that previously delivered 
        beets to the facility elect to deliver their beets to another 
        processing company, the growers may petition the Secretary to 
        modify allocations under this part to allow the delivery.
            ``(2) Increased allocation for processing company.--The 
        Secretary may increase the allocation to the processing company 
        to which the growers elect to deliver their sugar beets, with 
        the approval of the processing company, to a level that does not 
        exceed the processing capacity of the processing company, to 
        accommodate the change in deliveries.
            ``(3) Decreased allocation for closed company.--The 
        increased allocation shall be deducted from the allocation to 
        the company that owned the processing facility that has been 
        closed and the remaining allocation shall be unaffected.
            ``(4) Timing.--The <<NOTE: Deadline.>> determinations of the 
        Secretary on the issues raised by the petition shall be made 
        within 60 days after the filing of the petition.

    ``(c) Proportionate Shares of Certain Allotments.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) States affected.--In any case in which a State 
                allotment is established under section 359c(f) and there 
                are in excess of 250 sugarcane producers in the State 
                (other than Puerto Rico), the Secretary shall make a 
                determination under subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Determination.--The Secretary shall determine, 
                for each State allotment described in subparagraph (A), 
                whether the production of sugarcane, in the absence of

[[Page 116 STAT. 199]]

                proportionate shares, will be greater than the quantity 
                needed to enable processors to fill the allotment and 
                provide a normal carryover inventory of sugar.
            ``(2) Establishment of proportionate shares.--If the 
        Secretary determines under paragraph (1) that the quantity of 
        sugarcane produced by producers in the area covered by a State 
        allotment for a crop year will be in excess of the quantity 
        needed to enable processors to fill the allotment for the crop 
        year and provide a normal carryover inventory of sugar, the 
        Secretary shall establish a proportionate share for each 
        sugarcane-producing farm that limits the acreage of sugarcane 
        that may be harvested on the farm for sugar or seed during the 
        crop year the allotment is in effect as provided in this 
        subsection. Each such proportionate share shall be subject to 
        adjustment under paragraph (7) and section 359c(g).
            ``(3) Method of determining.--For purposes of determining 
        proportionate shares for any crop of sugarcane:
                    ``(A) The Secretary shall establish the State's per-
                acre yield goal for a crop of sugarcane at a level (not 
                less than the average per-acre yield in the State for 
                the 2 highest years from among the 1999, 2000, and 2001 
                crop years, as determined by the Secretary) that will 
                ensure an adequate net return per pound to producers in 
                the State, taking into consideration any available 
                production research data that the Secretary considers 
                relevant.
                    ``(B) The Secretary shall adjust the per-acre yield 
                goal by the average recovery rate of sugar produced from 
                sugarcane by processors in the State.
                    ``(C) The Secretary shall convert the State 
                allotment for the crop year involved into a State 
                acreage allotment for the crop by dividing the State 
                allotment by the per-acre yield goal for the State, as 
                established under subparagraph (A) and as further 
                adjusted under subparagraph (B).
                    ``(D) The Secretary shall establish a uniform 
                reduction percentage for the crop by dividing the State 
                acreage allotment, as determined for the crop under 
                subparagraph (C), by the sum of all adjusted acreage 
                bases in the State, as determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(E) The uniform reduction percentage for the crop, 
                as determined under subparagraph (D), shall be applied 
                to the acreage base for each sugarcane-producing farm in 
                the State to determine the farm's proportionate share of 
                sugarcane acreage that may be harvested for sugar or 
                seed.
            ``(4) Acreage base.--For purposes of this subsection, the 
        acreage base for each sugarcane-producing farm shall be 
        determined by the Secretary, as follows:
                    ``(A) The acreage base for any farm shall be the 
                number of acres that is equal to the average of the 
                acreage planted and considered planted for harvest for 
                sugar or seed on the farm in the 2 highest of the 1999, 
                2000, and 2001 crop years.
                    ``(B) Acreage planted to sugarcane that producers on 
                a farm were unable to harvest to sugarcane for sugar or 
                seed because of drought, flood, other natural disaster, 
                or other condition beyond the control of the producers 
                may

[[Page 116 STAT. 200]]

                be considered as harvested for the production of sugar 
                or seed for purposes of this paragraph.
            ``(5) Violation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Whenever proportionate shares are 
                in effect in a State for a crop of sugarcane, producers 
                on a farm shall not knowingly harvest, or allow to be 
                harvested, for sugar or seed an acreage of sugarcane in 
                excess of the farm's proportionate share for the crop 
                year, or otherwise violate proportionate share 
                regulations issued by the Secretary under section 
                359h(a).
                    ``(B) Determination of violation.--No producer shall 
                be considered to have violated subparagraph (A) unless 
                the processor of the sugarcane harvested by such 
                producer from acreage in excess of the proportionate 
                share of the farm markets an amount of sugar that 
                exceeds the allocation of such processor for a crop 
                year.
                    ``(C) Civil penalty.--Any producer on a farm who 
                violates subparagraph (A) by knowingly harvesting, or 
                allowing to be harvested, an acreage of sugarcane in 
                excess of the farm's proportionate share shall be liable 
                to the Commodity Credit Corporation for a civil penalty 
                equal to one and one-half times the United States market 
                value of the quantity of sugar that is marketed by the 
                processor of such sugarcane in excess of the allocation 
                of such processor for the crop year. The Secretary shall 
                prorate penalties imposed under this subparagraph in a 
                fair and equitable manner among all the producers of 
                sugarcane harvested from excess acreage that is acquired 
                by such processor.
            ``(6) Waiver.--Notwithstanding the preceding subparagraph, 
        the Secretary may authorize the county and State committees 
        established under section 8(b) of the Soil Conservation and 
        Domestic Allotment Act (16 U.S.C. 590h(b)) to waive or modify 
        deadlines and other proportionate share requirements in cases in 
        which lateness or failure to meet the other requirements does 
        not affect adversely the operation of proportionate shares.
            ``(7) Adjustments.--Whenever the Secretary determines that, 
        because of a natural disaster or other condition beyond the 
        control of producers that adversely affects a crop of sugarcane 
        subject to proportionate shares, the amount of sugarcane 
        produced by producers subject to the proportionate shares will 
        not be sufficient to enable processors in the State to meet the 
        State's cane sugar allotment and provide a normal carryover 
        inventory of sugar, the Secretary may uniformly allow producers 
        to harvest an amount of sugarcane in excess of their 
        proportionate share, or suspend proportionate shares entirely, 
        as necessary to enable processors to meet the State allotment 
        and provide a normal carryover inventory of sugar.
            ``(8) Processing facility closures.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If a sugarcane processing 
                facility subject to this subsection is closed and the 
                sugarcane growers that delivered sugarcane to the 
                facility prior to closure elect to deliver their 
                sugarcane to another processing company, the growers may 
                petition the Secretary to modify allocations under this 
                part to allow the delivery.

[[Page 116 STAT. 201]]

                    ``(B) Increased allocation for processing company.--
                The Secretary may increase the allocation to the 
                processing company to which the growers elect to deliver 
                the sugarcane, with the approval of the processing 
                company, to a level that does not exceed the processing 
                capacity of the processing company, to accommodate the 
                change in deliveries.
                    ``(C) Decreased allocation for closed company.--The 
                increased allocation shall be deducted from the 
                allocation to the company that owned the processing 
                facility that has been closed and the remaining 
                allocation shall be unaffected.
                    ``(D) Timing.--The <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  
                determinations of the Secretary on the issues raised by 
                the petition shall be made within 60 days after the 
                filing of the petition.

``SEC. 359g. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359gg.>>  SPECIAL RULES.

    ``(a) Transfer of Acreage Base History.--For the purpose of 
establishing proportionate shares for sugarcane farms under section 
359f(c), the Secretary, on application of any producer, with the written 
consent of all owners of a farm, may transfer the acreage base history 
of the farm to any other parcels of land of the applicant.
    ``(b) Preservation of Acreage Base History.--If for reasons beyond 
the control of a producer on a farm, the producer is unable to harvest 
an acreage of sugarcane for sugar or seed with respect to all or a 
portion of the proportionate share established for the farm under 
section 359f(c), the Secretary, on the application of the producer and 
with the written consent of all owners of the farm, may preserve for a 
period of not more than 5 consecutive years the acreage base history of 
the farm to the extent of the proportionate share involved. The 
Secretary may permit the proportionate share to be redistributed to 
other farms, but no acreage base history for purposes of establishing 
acreage bases shall accrue to the other farms by virtue of the 
redistribution of the proportionate share.
    ``(c) Revisions of Allocations and Proportionate Shares.--The 
Secretary, after such notice as the Secretary by regulation may 
prescribe, may revise or amend any allocation of a marketing allotment 
under section 359d, or any proportionate share established or adjusted 
for a farm under section 359f(c), on the same basis as the initial 
allocation or proportionate share was required to be established.
    ``(d) Transfers of Mill Allocations.--
            ``(1) Transfer authorized.--A producer in a proportionate 
        share State, upon written consent from all crop-share owners (or 
        the representative of the crop-share owners) of a farm, and from 
        the processing company holding the applicable allocation for 
        such shares, may deliver sugarcane to another processing company 
        if the additional delivery, when combined with such other 
        processing company's existing deliveries, does not exceed the 
        processing capacity of the company.
            ``(2) Allocation adjustment.--Notwithstanding section 359d, 
        the Secretary shall adjust the allocations of each of such 
        processing companies affected by a transfer under paragraph (1) 
        to reflect the change in deliveries, based on the product of--

[[Page 116 STAT. 202]]

                    ``(A) the number of acres of proportionate shares 
                being transferred; and
                    ``(B) the State's per acre yield goal established 
                under section 359f(c)(3).

``SEC. 359h. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359hh.>>  REGULATIONS; VIOLATIONS; 
            PUBLICATION OF SECRETARY'S DETERMINATIONS; JURISDICTION OF 
            THE COURTS; UNITED STATES ATTORNEYS.

    ``(a) Regulations.--The Secretary or the Commodity Credit 
Corporation, as appropriate, shall issue such regulations as may be 
necessary to carry out the authority vested in the Secretary in 
administering this part.
    ``(b) Violation.--Any person knowingly violating any regulation of 
the Secretary issued under subsection (a) shall be subject to a civil 
penalty of not more than $5,000 for each violation.
    ``(c) Publication in Federal Register.--Each determination issued by 
the Secretary to establish, adjust, or suspend allotments under this 
part shall be promptly published in the Federal Register and shall be 
accompanied by a statement of the reasons for the determination.
    ``(d) Jurisdiction of Courts; United States Attorneys.--
            ``(1) Jurisdiction of courts.--The several district courts 
        of the United States are vested with jurisdiction specifically 
        to enforce, and to prevent and restrain any person from 
        violating, this part or any regulation issued thereunder.
            ``(2) United states attorneys.--Whenever the Secretary shall 
        so request, it shall be the duty of the several United States 
        attorneys, in their respective districts, to institute 
        proceedings to enforce the remedies and to collect the penalties 
        provided for in this part. The Secretary may elect not to refer 
        to a United States attorney any violation of this part or 
        regulation when the Secretary determines that the administration 
        and enforcement of this part would be adequately served by 
        written notice or warning to any person committing the 
        violation.

    ``(e) Nonexclusivity of Remedies.--The remedies and penalties 
provided for in this part shall be in addition to, and not exclusive of, 
any remedies or penalties existing at law or in equity.

``SEC. 359i. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359ii.>>  APPEALS.

    ``(a) In General.--An appeal may be taken to the Secretary from any 
decision under section 359d establishing allocations of marketing 
allotments, or under section 359f, by any person adversely affected by 
reason of any such decision.

    ``(b) Procedure.--
            ``(1) Notice of appeal.--Any such appeal shall be taken by 
        filing with the Secretary, within 20 days after the decision 
        complained of is effective, notice in writing of the appeal and 
        a statement of the reasons therefor. Unless a later date is 
        specified by the Secretary as part of the Secretary's decision, 
        the decision complained of shall be considered to be effective 
        as of the date on which announcement of the decision is made. 
        The Secretary shall deliver a copy of any notice of appeal to 
        each person shown by the records of the Secretary to be 
        adversely affected by reason of the decision appealed, and shall 
        at all times thereafter permit any such person to inspect and 
        make copies of appellant's reasons for the appeal and shall on 
        application permit the person to intervene in the appeal.

[[Page 116 STAT. 203]]

            ``(2) Hearing.--The Secretary shall provide each appellant 
        an opportunity for a hearing before an administrative law judge 
        in accordance with sections 554 and 556 of title 5, United 
        States Code. The expenses for conducting the hearing shall be 
        reimbursed by the Commodity Credit Corporation.

    ``(c) Special Appeal Process Regarding Beet Sugar Allocations.--
            ``(1) Appeal authorized.--Beginning after the 2006 crop 
        year, a processor that has an allocation of the beet sugar 
        allotment under this part (referred to in this subsection as a 
        `petitioner') may file a notice of appeal with the Secretary 
        regarding the petitioner's beet sugar allocation. Except as 
        provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary shall consider the 
        appeal if the notice alleges that any processor that has a beet 
        sugar allocation has failed to fill at least 82.5 percent of its 
        allocation of the beet sugar allotment with sugar produced by it 
        or received from the Commodity Credit Corporation in 2 out of 
        the 3 crop years preceding the crop year in which the appeal is 
        filed. A processor that is alleged to have failed to fill at 
        least 82.5 percent of its allocation shall be allowed to fully 
        participate in the appeal.
            ``(2) Exceptions.--An appeal under paragraph (1) shall not 
        be based on the failure of a processor to fill at least 82.5 
        percent of its allocation because of drought, flood, hail, or 
        other weather disaster, as determined by the Secretary. The 
        determination by the Secretary shall not require a formal 
        disaster declaration.
            ``(3) Response to appeal.--Upon the petitioner making an 
        appeal to the Secretary, and upon a review by the Secretary of 
        how processors have filled their allocations, the Secretary 
        may--
                    ``(A) assign an increased allocation for beet sugar 
                to the petitioner that provides a fair and equitable 
                distribution of the allocations for beet sugar, taking 
                into account--
                          ``(i) production history during the period 
                      beginning on April 4, 1996, and through the date 
                      of enactment of the Farm Security and Rural 
                      Investment Act of 2002;
                          ``(ii) capital investment during that period;
                          ``(iii) increases in United States sugar 
                      consumption; and
                          ``(iv) the ability or inability of processors 
                      to fill the allocations they have received under 
                      this part; and
                    ``(B) reduce, correspondingly, the allocation for 
                beet sugar of each processor determined to have failed 
                to fill at least 82.5 percent of its allocation of the 
                beet sugar allotment as described in paragraph (1).
            ``(4) Filing deadline.--For purposes of the filing deadline 
        specified in subsection (b)(1), the 20-day period shall commence 
        on the date on which the Secretary announces the allocations for 
        the subsequent crop year or October 1, whichever is earlier.

``SEC. 359j. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359jj.>>  ADMINISTRATION.

    ``(a) Use of Certain Agencies.--In carrying out this part, the 
Secretary may use the services of local committees of sugar beet or 
sugarcane producers, sugarcane processors, or sugar beet

[[Page 116 STAT. 204]]

processors, State and county committees established under section 8(b) 
of the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act (16 U.S.C. 590h(b)), 
and the departments and agencies of the United States Government.
    ``(b) Use of Commodity Credit Corporation.--The Secretary shall use 
the services, facilities, funds, and authorities of the Commodity Credit 
Corporation to carry out this part.

``SEC. 359k. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1359kk.>>  REALLOCATING SUGAR QUOTA IMPORT 
            SHORTFALLS.

    ``(a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, on or 
after June 1 of each of the 2002 through 2007 calendar years, the United 
States Trade Representative, in consultation with the Secretary, shall 
determine the amount of the quota of cane sugar used by each qualified 
supplying country for that crop year, and may reallocate the unused 
quota for that crop year among qualified supplying countries.

    ``(b) Qualified Supplying Country Defined.--In this section, the 
term `qualified supplying country' means one of the following foreign 
countries that is allowed to export cane sugar to the United States 
under an agreement or any other country with which the United States has 
an agreement relating to the importation of cane sugar:
        Argentina
        Australia
        Barbados
        Belize
        Bolivia
        Brazil
        Colombia
        Republic of the Congo
        Costa Rica
        Dominican Republic
        Ecuador
        El Salvador
        Fiji
        Gabon
        Guatemala
        Guyana
        Haiti
        Honduras
        India
        Cote D'Ivoire, formerly known as 
    the Ivory Coast
        Jamaica
        Madagascar
        Malawi
        Mauritius
        Mexico
        Mozambique
        Nicaragua
        Panama
        Papua New Guinea
        Paraguay
        Peru
        Philippines
        St. Kitts and Nevis
        South Africa
        Swaziland
        Taiwan
        Thailand
        Trinidad-Tobago
        Uruguay
        Zimbabwe.''.

[[Page 116 STAT. 205]]

                            Subtitle E--Dairy

SEC. 1501. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7981.>>  MILK PRICE SUPPORT PROGRAM.

    (a) Support Activities.--During the period beginning on June 1, 
2002, and ending on December 31, 2007, the Secretary of Agriculture 
shall support the price of milk produced in the 48 contiguous States 
through the purchase of cheese, butter, and nonfat dry milk produced 
from the milk.
    (b) Rate.--During the period specified in subsection (a), the price 
of milk shall be supported at a rate equal to $9.90 per hundredweight 
for milk containing 3.67 percent butterfat.
    (c) Purchase Prices.--
            (1) Uniform prices.--The support purchase prices under this 
        section for each of the products of milk (butter, cheese, and 
        nonfat dry milk) announced by the Secretary shall be the same 
        for all of that product sold by persons offering to sell the 
        product to the Secretary.
            (2) Sufficient prices.--The purchase prices shall be 
        sufficient to enable plants of average efficiency to pay 
        producers, on average, a price that is not less than the rate of 
        price support for milk in effect under subsection (b).

    (d) Special Rule for Butter and Nonfat Dry Milk Purchase Prices.--
            (1) Allocation of purchase prices.--The Secretary may 
        allocate the rate of price support between the purchase prices 
        for nonfat dry milk and butter in a manner that will result in 
        the lowest level of expenditures by the Commodity Credit 
        Corporation or achieve such other objectives as the Secretary 
        considers appropriate. Not later than 10 days after making or 
        changing an allocation, the Secretary shall notify the Committee 
        on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
        on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate of the 
        allocation. Section 553 of title 5, United States Code, shall 
        not apply with respect to the implementation of this section.
            (2) Timing of purchase price adjustments.--The Secretary may 
        make any such adjustments in the purchase prices for nonfat dry 
        milk and butter the Secretary considers to be necessary not more 
        than twice in each calendar year.

    (e) Commodity Credit Corporation.--The Secretary shall carry out the 
program authorized by this section through the Commodity Credit 
Corporation.

SEC. 1502. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7982.>>  NATIONAL DAIRY MARKET LOSS PAYMENTS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Class i milk.--The term `Class I milk' means milk 
        (including milk components) classified as Class I milk under a 
        Federal milk marketing order.
            (2) Eligible production.--The term `eligible production' 
        means milk produced by a producer in a participating State.
            (3) Federal milk marketing order.--The term `Federal milk 
        marketing order' means an order issued under section 8c of the 
        Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608c), reenacted with 
        amendments by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937.

[[Page 116 STAT. 206]]

            (4) Participating state.--The term `participating State' 
        means each State.
            (5) Producer.--The term `producer' means an individual or 
        entity that directly or indirectly (as determined by the 
        Secretary)--
                    (A) shares in the risk of producing milk; and
                    (B) makes contributions (including land, labor, 
                management, equipment, or capital) to the dairy farming 
                operation of the individual or entity that are at least 
                commensurate with the share of the individual or entity 
                of the proceeds of the operation.

    (b) Payments.--The <<NOTE: Contracts.>> Secretary shall offer to 
enter into contracts with producers on a dairy farm located in a 
participating State under which the producers receive payments on 
eligible production.

    (c) Amount.--Payments to a producer under this section shall be 
calculated by multiplying (as determined by the Secretary)--
            (1) the payment quantity for the producer during the 
        applicable month established under subsection (d);
            (2) the amount equal to--
                    (A) $16.94 per hundredweight; less
                    (B) the Class I milk price per hundredweight in 
                Boston under the applicable Federal milk marketing 
                order; by
            (3) 45 percent.

    (d) Payment Quantity.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), the payment 
        quantity for a producer during the applicable month under this 
        section shall be equal to the quantity of eligible production 
        marketed by the producer during the month.
            (2) Limitation.--The payment quantity for all producers on a 
        single dairy operation during the months of the applicable 
        fiscal year for which the producers receive payments under 
        subsection (b) shall not exceed 2,400,000 pounds. For purposes 
        of determining whether producers are producers on separate dairy 
        operations or a single dairy operation, the Secretary shall 
        apply the same standards as were applied in implementing the 
        dairy program under section 805 of the Agriculture, Rural 
        Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies 
        Appropriations Act, 2001 (as enacted into law by Public Law 106-
        387; 114 Stat. 1549A-50).
            (3) Reconstitution.--The Secretary shall promulgate 
        regulations to ensure that a producer does not reconstitute a 
        dairy operation for the sole purpose of receiving additional 
        payments under this section.

    (e) Payments.--A <<NOTE: Deadline.>> payment under a contract under 
this section shall be made on a monthly basis not later than 60 days 
after the last day of the month for which the payment is made.

    (f) Signup.--The <<NOTE: Contracts.>> Secretary shall offer to enter 
into contracts under this section during the period beginning on the 
date that is 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act and ending 
on September 30, 2005.

    (g) Duration of Contract.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2) and 
        subsection (h), any contract entered into by producers on a 
        dairy farm under this section shall cover eligible production 
        marketed by the producers on the dairy farm during the period 
        starting with the first day of month the producers on the

[[Page 116 STAT. 207]]

        dairy farm enter into the contract and ending on September 30, 
        2005.
            (2) Violations.--If a producer violates the contract, the 
        Secretary may--
                    (A) terminate the contract and allow the producer to 
                retain any payments received under the contract; or
                    (B) allow the contract to remain in effect and 
                require the producer to repay a portion of the payments 
                received under the contract based on the severity of the 
                violation.

    (h) Transition Rule.--In addition to any payment that is otherwise 
available under this section, if the producers on a dairy farm enter 
into a contract under this section, the Secretary shall make a payment 
in accordance with the formula specified in subsection (c) on the 
quantity of eligible production of the producer marketed during the 
period beginning on December 1, 2001, and ending on the last day of the 
month preceding the month the producers on the dairy farm entered into 
the contract.

SEC. 1503. DAIRY EXPORT INCENTIVE AND DAIRY INDEMNITY PROGRAMS.

    (a) Dairy Export Incentive Program.--Section 153(a) of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (15 U.S.C. 713a-14(a)) is amended by striking 
``2002'' and inserting ``2007''.
    (b) Dairy Indemnity Program.--Section 3 of Public Law 90-484 (7 
U.S.C. 450l) is amended by striking ``1995'' and inserting ``2007''.

SEC. 1504. DAIRY PRODUCT MANDATORY REPORTING.

    Section 272(1) of the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 (7 U.S.C. 
1637a(1)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``means manufactured dairy products'' and 
        inserting ``means--
                    ``(A) manufactured dairy products'';
            (2) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; 
        and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) substantially identical products designated by 
                the Secretary.''.

SEC. 1505. FUNDING OF DAIRY PROMOTION AND RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 111 of the Dairy Production Stabilization 
Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 4502) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (k), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in subsection (l), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(m) the term `imported dairy product' means any dairy 
        product that is imported into the United States (as defined in 
        subsection (l)), including dairy products imported into the 
        United States in the form of--
                    ``(1) milk, cream, and fresh and dried dairy 
                products;
                    ``(2) butter and butterfat mixtures;
                    ``(3) cheese; and
                    ``(4) casein and mixtures;
            ``(n) the term `importer' means a person that imports an 
        imported dairy product into the United States; and
            ``(o) the term `Customs' means the United States Customs 
        Service.''.

[[Page 116 STAT. 208]]

    (b) Representation of Importers on Board.--Section 113(b) of the 
Dairy Production Stabilization Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 4504(b)) is 
amended--
            (1) by inserting ``National Dairy Promotion and Research 
        Board.--'' after ``(b)'';
            (2) by designating the first through ninth sentences as 
        paragraphs (1) through (5) and paragraphs (7) through (10), 
        respectively, and indenting the paragraphs appropriately;
            (3) in paragraph (2) (as so designated), by striking 
        ``Members'' and inserting ``Except as provided in paragraph (6), 
        the members'';
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (5) (as so designated) the 
        following:
            ``(6) Importers.--
                    ``(A) Initial representation.--In making initial 
                appointments to the Board of importer representatives, 
                the Secretary shall appoint 2 members who represent 
                importers of dairy products and are subject to 
                assessments under the order.
                    ``(B) Subsequent representation.--At least once 
                every 3 years after the initial appointment of importer 
                representatives under subparagraph (A), the Secretary 
                shall review the average volume of domestic production 
                of dairy products compared to the average volume of 
                imports of dairy products into the United States during 
                the previous 3 years and, on the basis of that review, 
                shall reapportion importer representation on the Board 
                to reflect the proportional share of the United States 
                market by domestic production and imported dairy 
                products.
                    ``(C) Additional members; nominations.--The members 
                appointed under this paragraph--
                          ``(i) shall be in addition to the total number 
                      of members appointed under paragraph (2); and
                          ``(ii) shall be appointed from nominations 
                      submitted by importers under such procedures as 
                      the Secretary determines to be appropriate.''; and
            (5) in paragraph (8) (as so designated), by striking ``is 
        produced'' and inserting ``is produced as well as importers of 
        dairy products''.

    (c) Budgets.--Section 113(e) of the Dairy Production Stabilization 
Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 4504(e)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``(e)'' and inserting:

    ``(e) Budgets.--
            ``(1) Preparation and submission.--'';
            (2) by striking the last sentence; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) Foreign market efforts.--The order shall authorize the 
        Board to expend in the maintenance and expansion of foreign 
        markets an amount not to exceed the amount collected from United 
        States producers for a fiscal year. Of those funds, for each of 
        the 2002 through 2007 fiscal years, the Board's budget may 
        provide for the expenditure of revenues available to the Board 
        to develop international markets for, and to promote within such 
        markets, the consumption of dairy products produced or 
        manufactured in the United States.''.

[[Page 116 STAT. 209]]

    (d) Importer Assessment.--Section 113(g) of the Dairy Production 
Stabilization Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 4504(g)) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``Assessments.--'' after ``(g)'';
            (2) by designating the first through fifth sentences as 
        paragraphs (1) through (5), respectively, and indenting 
        appropriately;
            (3) in paragraph (3) (as so designated)--
                    (A) by inserting ``for milk produced in the United 
                States and imported dairy products'' after ``The rate of 
                assessment''; and
                    (B) by inserting before the period at the end the 
                following: ``, as determined by the Secretary''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) Importers.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The order shall provide that each 
                importer of imported dairy products shall pay an 
                assessment to the Board in the manner prescribed by the 
                order.
                    ``(B) Time for payment.--The assessment on imported 
                dairy products shall be paid by the importer to Customs 
                at the time the entry documents are filed with Customs. 
                Customs shall remit the assessments to the Board. For 
                purposes of this subparagraph, the term `importer' 
                includes persons who hold title to foreign-produced 
                dairy products immediately upon release by Customs, as 
                well as persons who act on behalf of others, as agents, 
                brokers, or consignees, to secure the release of dairy 
                products from Customs.
                    ``(C) Use of assessments on imported dairy 
                products.--Assessments collected on imported dairy 
                products shall not be used for foreign market 
                promotion.''.

    (e) Records.--Section 113(k) of the Dairy Production Stabilization 
Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 4504(k)) is amended in the first sentence by 
striking ``person receiving'' and inserting ``importer of imported dairy 
products, each person receiving''.
    (f) Importer Eligibility To Vote in Referendum.--Section 116(b) of 
the Dairy Promotion Stabilization Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 4507(b)) is 
amended--
            (1) in the first sentence--
                    (A) by inserting after ``of producers'' the 
                following: ``and importers''; and
                    (B) by inserting after ``the producers'' the 
                following: ``and importers''; and
            (2) in the second sentence, by inserting after ``commercial 
        use'' the following: ``and importers voting in the referendum 
        (who have been engaged in the importation of dairy products 
        during the same representative period, as determined by the 
        Secretary)''.

    (g) Order Implementation and International Trade Obligations.--
Section 112 of the Dairy Promotion Stabilization Act of 1983 (7 U.S.C. 
4503) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Order Implementation and International Trade Obligations.--The 
Secretary, in consultation with the United States Trade Representative, 
shall ensure that the order is implemented in a manner consistent with 
the international trade obligations of the Federal Government.''.

[[Page 116 STAT. 210]]

    (h) Conforming Amendments To Reflect Addition of Importers.--The 
Dairy Production Stabilization Act of 1983 is amended--
            (1) in section 110(b) (7 U.S.C. 4501(b))--
                    (A) in the first sentence--
                          (i) by inserting after ``commercial use'' the 
                      following: ``and on imported dairy products''; and
                          (ii) by striking ``products produced in the 
                      United States.'' and inserting ``products.''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence, by inserting after 
                ``produce milk'' the following: ``or the right of any 
                person to import dairy products''; and
            (2) in section 111(d) (7 U.S.C. 4502(d)), by striking 
        ``produced in the United States''.

SEC. 1506. FLUID MILK PROMOTION.

    (a) Definition of Fluid Milk Product.--Section 1999C of the Fluid 
Milk Promotion Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6402) is amended by striking 
paragraph (3) and inserting the following:
            ``(3) Fluid milk product.--The term `fluid milk product' has 
        the meaning given the term in--
                    ``(A) section 1000.15 of title 7, Code of Federal 
                Regulations, subject to such amendments as may be made 
                by the Secretary; or
                    ``(B) any successor regulation.''.

    (b) Definition of Fluid Milk Processor.--Section 1999C(4) of the 
Fluid Milk Promotion Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6402(4)) is amended by 
striking ``500,000 pounds of fluid milk products in consumer-type 
packages per month'' and inserting ``3,000,000 pounds of fluid milk 
products in consumer-type packages per month (excluding products 
delivered directly to the place of residence of a consumer)''.
    (c) Elimination of Order Termination Date.--Section 1999O of the 
Fluid Milk Promotion Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 6414) is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (a); and
            (2) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as subsections 
        (a) and (b), respectively.

SEC. 1507. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7983.>> STUDY OF NATIONAL DAIRY POLICY.

    (a) Study Required.--The Secretary of Agriculture shall conduct a 
comprehensive economic evaluation of the potential direct and indirect 
effects of the various elements of the national dairy policy, including 
an examination of the effect of the national dairy policy on--
            (1) farm price stability, farm profitability and viability, 
        and local rural economies in the United States;
            (2) child, senior, and low-income nutrition programs, 
        including impacts on schools and institutions participating in 
        the programs, on program recipients, and other factors; and
            (3) the wholesale and retail cost of fluid milk, dairy 
        farms, and milk utilization.

    (b) Report.--Not <<NOTE: Deadline.>> later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report 
describing the results of the study required by this section.

[[Page 116 STAT. 211]]

    (c) National Dairy Policy Defined.--In this section, the term 
``national dairy policy'' means the dairy policy of the United States as 
evidenced by the following policies and programs:
            (1) Federal milk marketing orders issued under section 8c of 
        the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608c), reenacted with 
        amendments by the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1937.
            (2) Interstate dairy compacts (including proposed compacts 
        described in H.R. 1827 and S. 1157, as introduced in the 107th 
        Congress).
            (3) Over-order premiums and State pricing programs.
            (4) Direct payments to milk producers.
            (5) Federal milk price support program established under 
        section 1401.
            (6) Export programs regarding milk and dairy products, such 
        as the dairy export incentive program established under section 
        153 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (15 U.S.C. 713a-14).

SEC. 1508. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7984.>>  STUDIES OF EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN 
            APPROACH TO NATIONAL DAIRY POLICY AND FLUID MILK IDENTITY 
            STANDARDS.

    (a) Federal Dairy Policy Changes.--The Secretary of Agriculture 
shall conduct a study of the effects of--
            (1) terminating all Federal programs relating to price 
        support and supply management for milk; and
            (2) granting the consent of Congress to cooperative efforts 
        by States to manage milk prices and supply.

    (b) Fluid Milk Identity Standards.--The Secretary shall conduct a 
study of the effects of including in the standard of identity for fluid 
milk a required minimum protein content that is commensurate with the 
average nonfat solids content of bovine milk produced in the United 
States.
    (c) Reports.--Not <<NOTE: Deadline.>> later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report 
describing the results of the studies required by this section.

                       Subtitle F--Administration

SEC. 1601. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7991.>> ADMINISTRATION GENERALLY.

    (a) Use of Commodity Credit Corporation.--The Secretary shall use 
the funds, facilities, and authorities of the Commodity Credit 
Corporation to carry out this title.
    (b) Determinations by Secretary.--A determination made by the 
Secretary under this title shall be final and conclusive.
    (c) Regulations.--
            (1) In general.--Not <<NOTE: Deadline.>> later than 90 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary and 
        the Commodity Credit Corporation, as appropriate, shall 
        promulgate such regulations as are necessary to implement this 
        title.
            (2) Procedure.--The <<NOTE: Regulations.>> promulgation of 
        the regulations and administration of this title shall be made 
        without regard to--
                    (A) chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code 
                (commonly know as the ``Paperwork Reduction Act'');

[[Page 116 STAT. 212]]

                    (B) the Statement of Policy of the Secretary of 
                Agriculture effective July 24, 1971 (36 Fed. Reg. 
                13804), relating to notices of proposed rulemaking and 
                public participation in rulemaking; and
                    (C) the notice and comment provisions of section 553 
                of title 5, United States Code.
            (3) Congressional review of agency rulemaking.--In carrying 
        out this subsection, the Secretary shall use the authority 
        provided under section 808 of title 5, United States Code.

    (d) Treatment of Advance Payment Option.--The protection that was 
afforded producers that had an option to elect to accelerate the receipt 
of any payment under a production flexibility contract payable under the 
Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996, as provided by 
section 525 of Public 106-170 (113 Stat. 1928; 7 U.S.C. 7212 note), 
shall also apply to the option to receive--
            (1) the advance payment of direct payments and counter-
        cyclical payments under subtitle A and subtitle C; and
            (2) the single payment of compensation for eligible peanut 
        quota holders under section 1310.

    (e) Adjustment Authority Related to Uruguay Round Compliance.--
            (1) Required determination; adjustment.--If the Secretary 
        determines that expenditures under subtitles A through E that 
        are subject to the total allowable domestic support levels under 
        the Uruguay Round Agreements (as defined in section 2 of the 
        Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3501)), as in effect on 
        the date of enactment of this Act, will exceed such allowable 
        levels for any applicable reporting period, the Secretary shall, 
        to the maximum extent practicable, make adjustments in the 
        amount of such expenditures during that period to ensure that 
        such expenditures do not exceed such allowable levels.
            (2) Congressional notification.--Before making any 
        adjustment under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall submit to 
        the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives a report describing the determination made under 
        that paragraph and the extent of the adjustment to be made.

SEC. 1602. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7992.>>  SUSPENSION OF PERMANENT PRICE SUPPORT 
            AUTHORITY.

    (a) Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938.--The following provisions 
of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 shall not be applicable to 
the 2002 through 2007 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar 
and shall not be applicable to milk during the period beginning on the 
date of enactment of this Act through December 31, 2007:
            (1) Parts II through V of subtitle B of title III (7 U.S.C. 
        1326-1351).
            (2) In the case of upland cotton, section 377 (7 U.S.C. 
        1377).
            (3) Subtitle D of title III (7 U.S.C. 1379a-1379j).
            (4) Title IV (7 U.S.C. 1401-1407).

    (b) Agricultural Act of 1949.--The following provisions of the 
Agricultural Act of 1949 shall not be applicable to the 2002

[[Page 116 STAT. 213]]

through 2007 crops of covered commodities, peanuts, and sugar and shall 
not be applicable to milk during the period beginning on the date of 
enactment of this Act and through December 31, 2007:
            (1) Section 101 (7 U.S.C. 1441).
            (2) Section 103(a) (7 U.S.C. 1444(a)).
            (3) Section 105 (7 U.S.C. 1444b).
            (4) Section 107 (7 U.S.C. 1445a).
            (5) Section 110 (7 U.S.C. 1445e).
            (6) Section 112 (7 U.S.C. 1445g).
            (7) Section 115 (7 U.S.C. 1445k).
            (8) Section 201 (7 U.S.C. 1446).
            (9) Title III (7 U.S.C. 1447-1449).
            (10) Title IV (7 U.S.C. 1421-1433d), other than sections 
        404, 412, and 416 (7 U.S.C. 1424, 1429, and 1431).
            (11) Title V (7 U.S.C. 1461-1469).
            (12) Title VI (7 U.S.C. 1471-1471j).

    (c) Suspension of Certain Quota Provisions.--The joint resolution 
entitled ``A joint resolution relating to corn and wheat marketing 
quotas under the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, as amended'', 
approved May 26, 1941 (7 U.S.C. 1330 and 1340), shall not be applicable 
to the crops of wheat planted for harvest in the calendar years 2002 
through 2007.
    (d) Conforming Amendment.--Section 171(a)(1) of the Federal 
Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7301(a)(1)) is 
amended by striking ``2002'' the first place appears and inserting 
``2001''.

SEC. 1603. PAYMENT LIMITATIONS.

    (a) Limitation on Amounts Received.--Section 1001 of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308) is amended by striking the section 
heading, ``Sec. 1001.'', and all that follows through the end of 
paragraph (4) and inserting the following:

``SEC. 1001. PAYMENT LIMITATIONS.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Covered commodity.--The term `covered commodity' has 
        the meaning given that term in section 1001 of the Farm Security 
        and Rural Investment Act of 2002.
            ``(2) Loan commodity.--The term `loan commodity' has the 
        meaning given that term in section 1001 of the Farm Security and 
        Rural Investment Act of 2002, except that the term does not 
        include wool, mohair, or honey.
            ``(3) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.

    ``(b) Limitation on Direct Payments.--
            ``(1) Covered commodities.--The total amount of direct 
        payments made to a person during any crop year under subtitle A 
        of title I of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
        for 1 or more covered commodities may not exceed $40,000.
            ``(2) Peanuts.--The total amount of direct payments made to 
        a person during any crop year under subtitle C of title I of the 
        Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 may not exceed 
        $40,000.

    ``(c) Limitation on Counter-Cyclical Payments.--
            ``(1) Covered commodities.--The total amount of counter-
        cyclical payments made to a person during any crop year under

[[Page 116 STAT. 214]]

        subtitle A of title I of the Farm Security and Rural Investment 
        Act of 2002 for 1 or more covered commodities may not exceed 
        $65,000.
            ``(2) Peanuts.--The total amount of counter-cyclical 
        payments made to a person during any crop year under subtitle C 
        of title I of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 
        may not exceed $65,000.

    ``(d) Limitation on Marketing Loan Gains and Loan Deficiency 
Payments.--
            ``(1) Loan commodities.--The total amount of the following 
        gains and payments that a person may receive during any crop 
        year may not exceed $75,000:
                    ``(A) Any gain realized by a producer from repaying 
                a marketing assistance loan for 1 or more loan 
                commodities under subtitle B of title I of the Farm 
                Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 at a lower 
                level than the original loan rate established for the 
                loan commodity under that subtitle.
                    ``(B) Any loan deficiency payments received for 1 or 
                more loan commodities under that subtitle.
            ``(2) Other commodities.--The total amount of the following 
        gains and payments that a person may receive during any crop 
        year may not exceed $75,000:
                    ``(A) Any gain realized by a producer from repaying 
                a marketing assistance loan for peanuts, wool, mohair, 
                or honey under subtitle B or C of title I of the Farm 
                Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 at a lower 
                level than the original loan rate established for the 
                commodity under those subtitles.
                    ``(B) Any loan deficiency payments received for 
                peanuts, wool, mohair, and honey under those 
                subtitles.''.

    (b) Clerical and Conforming Amendments to Section 1001.--Section 
1001 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (5)--
                    (A) by striking ``(5)'' and inserting ``(e) 
                Definition of Person.--''
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through (E) 
                as paragraphs (1) through (5), respectively;
                    (C) in paragraph (1), as so redesignated--
                          (i) by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) as 
                      subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively; and
                          (ii) by striking the second sentence; and
                    (D) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated--
                          (i) by redesignating clause (i) as 
                      subparagraph (A) and, in such subparagraph (as so 
                      redesignated)--
                                    (I) by striking ``subparagraph (A), 
                                subject to clause (ii)'' and inserting 
                                ``paragraph (1), subject to subparagraph 
                                (B)''; and
                                    (II) by redesignating subclauses 
                                (I), (II), and (III), as clauses (i), 
                                (ii), and (iii), respectively;
                          (ii) by redesignating clause (ii) as 
                      subparagraph (B) and, in such subparagraph (as so 
                      redesignated), by redesignating subclauses (I), 
                      (II), and (III), as clauses (i), (ii), and (iii), 
                      respectively; and
                          (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as 
                      subparagraph (C) and, in such subparagraph (as so 
                      redesignated)--

[[Page 116 STAT. 215]]

                                    (I) by striking ``as described in 
                                paragraphs (1) and (2)'' and inserting 
                                ``as described in subsections (b), (c), 
                                and (d)''; and
                                    (II) by redesignating subclauses (I) 
                                and (II) as clauses (i) and (ii), 
                                respectively;
            (2) in paragraph (6), by striking ``(6)'' and inserting 
        ``(f) Public Schools.--''; and
            (3) in paragraph (7), by striking ``(7)'' and inserting 
        ``(g) Time Limits; Reliance.--''.

    (c) Conforming Amendments to Other laws.--
            (1) Section 1001A of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 
        1308-1) is amended--
                    (A) in subsections (a)(1) and (b)(2)(B), by striking 
                ``section 1001(5)(B)(i)(II)'' and inserting ``section 
                1001(e)(2)(A)(ii)''; and
                    (B) in subsections (a)(1) and (b)(1), by striking 
                ``section 1001(5)(B)(i)'' and inserting ``section 
                1001(e)(2)(A)''; and
            (2) Section 1001B of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 
        1308-2) is amended by striking ``as described in paragraphs (1) 
        and (2)'' and inserting ``as described in subsections (b), (c), 
        and (d)''.
            (3) Section 1001C(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 
        U.S.C. 1308-3(a)) is amended by inserting ``title I of the Farm 
        Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002,'' after ``made 
        available under''.

    (d) Transition.--Section 1001 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (7 
U.S.C. 1308), as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment 
of this Act, shall continue to apply with respect to the 2001 crop of 
any covered commodity.

SEC. 1604. ADJUSTED GROSS INCOME LIMITATION.

    The Food Security Act of 1985 is amended--
            (1) by redesignating section 1001D (7 U.S.C. 1308-4) and 
        section 1001E (7 U.S.C. 1308-5) as sections 1001E and 1001F, 
        respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after section 1001C (7 U.S.C. 1308-3) the 
        following:

``SEC. 1001D. <<NOTE: 7 USC 1308-3a.>>  ADJUSTED GROSS INCOME 
            LIMITATION.

    ``(a) Definition of Average Adjusted Gross Income.--
            ``(1) In general.--In this section, the term `average 
        adjusted gross income', with respect to an individual or entity 
        (for purposes of this section, as defined in section 
        1001(e)(2)(A)(ii)), means the 3-year average of the adjusted 
        gross income or comparable measure of the individual or entity 
        over the 3 preceding tax years, as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(2) Special rules for certain individuals and entities.--
        In the case of an entity that is not required to file a Federal 
        income tax return or an individual or entity that did not have 
        taxable income in 1 or more of the tax years used to determine 
        the average under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall provide, by 
        regulation, a method for determining the average adjusted gross 
        income of the individual or entity for purposes of this section.

    ``(b) Limitation.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, an individual or entity shall not be eligible to receive 
        any benefit described in paragraph (2) during a crop year

[[Page 116 STAT. 216]]

        if the average adjusted gross income of the individual or entity 
        exceeds $2,500,000, unless not less than 75 percent of the 
        average adjusted gross income of the individual or entity is 
        derived from farming, ranching, or forestry operations, as 
        determined by the Secretary.
            ``(2) Covered benefits.--Paragraph (1) applies with respect 
        to the following:
                    ``(A) A direct payment or counter-cyclical payment 
                under subtitle A or C of title I of the Farm Security 
                and Rural Investment Act of 2002.
                    ``(B) A marketing loan gain or payment described in 
                section 1001(d) of this Act.
                    ``(C) A payment under any program under title XII of 
                this Act or title II of the Farm Security and Rural 
                Investment Act of 2002.

    ``(c) Certification.--To comply with the limitation under subsection 
(b), an individual or entity shall provide to the Secretary--
            ``(1) a certification by a certified public accountant or 
        another third party that is acceptable to the Secretary that the 
        average adjusted gross income of the individual or entity does 
        not exceed the limitation specified in that subsection; or
            ``(2) information and documentation regarding the adjusted 
        gross income of the individual or entity through other 
        procedures established by the Secretary.

    ``(d) Commensurate Reduction.--In the case of a benefit described in 
subsection (b)(2) made in a crop year to an entity, general partnership, 
or joint venture, the amount of the benefit shall be reduced by an 
amount that is commensurate with the direct and indirect ownership 
interest in the entity, general partnership, or joint venture of each 
individual who has an average adjusted gross income in excess of the 
limitation specified in subsection (b) for the average of the 3 
preceding crop years.
    ``(e) Effective Period.--This section shall apply only during the 
2003 through 2007 crop years.''.

SEC. 1605. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7993.>>  COMMISSION ON APPLICATION OF PAYMENT 
            LIMITATIONS.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established a commission to be known as 
the ``Commission on the Application of Payment Limitations for 
Agriculture'' (referred to in this section as the ``Commission'').
    (b) Duties.--The Commission shall conduct a study on the potential 
impacts of further payment limitations on the receipt of direct 
payments, counter-cyclical payments, and marketing loan gains and loan 
deficiency payments on--
            (1) farm income;
            (2) land values;
            (3) rural communities;
            (4) agribusiness infrastructure;
            (5) planting decisions of producers affected; and
            (6) supply and prices of covered commodities, loan 
        commodities, specialty crops (including fruits and vegetables), 
        and other agricultural commodities.

    (c) Membership.--
            (1) Composition.--The Commission shall be composed of 10 
        members as follows:
                    (A) 3 members appointed by the Secretary.

[[Page 116 STAT. 217]]

                    (B) 3 members appointed by the Committee on 
                Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate.
                    (C) 3 members appointed by the Committee on 
                Agriculture of the House of Representatives.
                    (D) The Chief Economist of the Department of 
                Agriculture.
            (2) Federal government employment.--The membership of the 
        Commission may include 1 or more employees of the Department of 
        Agriculture or other Federal agencies.
            (3) Date of appointments.--
        The <<NOTE: Deadline.>> appointment of a member of the 
        Commission shall be made not later than 60 days after the date 
        of enactment of this Act.
            (4) Term; vacancies.--
                    (A) Term.--A member shall be appointed for the life 
                of the Commission.
                    (B) Vacancies.--A vacancy on the Commission--
                          (i) shall not affect the powers of the 
                      Commission; and
                          (ii) shall be filled in the same manner as the 
                      original appointment was made.
            (5) Initial meeting.--Not <<NOTE: Deadline.>> later than 30 
        days after the date on which all members of the Commission have 
        been appointed, the Commission shall hold the initial meeting of 
        the Commission.

    (d) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Commission shall 
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but a lesser number 
of members may hold hearings.
    (e) Chairperson.--The Secretary shall appoint 1 of the members of 
the Commission to serve as Chairperson of the Commission.
    (f) Report.--Not <<NOTE: Deadline.>> later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall submit to the 
President, the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives, 
and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate 
a report containing the results of the study required by subsection (b), 
including such recommendations as the Commission considers appropriate.

    (g) Hearings.--The Commission may hold such hearings, meet and act 
at such times and places, take such testimony, and receive such evidence 
as the Commission considers advisable to carry out this section.
    (h) Information From Federal Agencies.--The Commission may secure 
directly from a Federal agency such information as the Commission 
considers necessary to carry out this section. On request of the 
Chairperson of the Commission, the head of the agency shall provide the 
information to the Commission.
    (i) Postal Services.--The Commission may use the United States mails 
in the same manner and under the same conditions as other agencies of 
the Federal Government.
    (j) Assistance From Secretary.--The Secretary may provide to the 
Commission appropriate office space and such reasonable administrative 
and support services as the Commission may request.
    (k) Compensation of Members.--
            (1) Non-federal employees.--A member of the Commission who 
        is not an officer or employee of the Federal Government shall be 
        compensated at a rate equal to the daily equivalent of the 
        annual rate of basic pay prescribed for level IV

[[Page 116 STAT. 218]]

        of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5, United 
        States Code, for each day (including travel time) during which 
        the member is engaged in the performance of the duties of the 
        Commission.
            (2) Federal employees.--A member of the Commission who is an 
        officer or employee of the Federal Government shall serve 
        without compensation in addition to the compensation received 
        for the services of the member as an officer or employee of the 
        Federal Government.
            (3) Travel Expenses.--A member of the Commission shall be 
        allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 
        subsistence, at rates authorized for an employee of an agency 
        under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United States Code, 
        while away from the home or regular place of business of the 
        member in the performance of the duties of the Commission.

    (l) Federal Advisory Committee Act.--The Federal Advisory Committee 
Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the Commission or any proceeding 
of the Commission.

SEC. 1606. ADJUSTMENTS OF LOANS.

    Section 162(b) of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act 
of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7282(b)) is amended by striking ``this title'' and 
inserting ``this title and title I of the Farm Security and Rural 
Investment Act of 2002''.

SEC. 1607. PERSONAL LIABILITY OF PRODUCERS FOR DEFICIENCIES.

    Section 164 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 
1996 (7 U.S.C. 7284) is amended by striking ``this title'' each places 
it appears and inserting ``this title and title I of the Farm Security 
and Rural Investment Act of 2002''.

SEC. 1608. EXTENSION OF EXISTING ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY REGARDING 
            LOANS.

    Section 166 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 
1996 (7 U.S.C. 7286) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``subtitle C'' and 
        inserting ``subtitle C of this title and subtitle B and C of 
        title I of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002''; 
        and
            (2) in subsection (c)(1), by striking ``subtitle C'' and 
        inserting ``subtitle C of this title and subtitle B and C of 
        title I of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002''.

SEC. 1609. COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION INVENTORY.

    Section 5 of the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act (15 U.S.C. 
714c) is amended in the last sentence by inserting before the period at 
the end the following: ``(including, at the option of the Corporation, 
the use of private sector entities)''.

SEC. 1610. RESERVE STOCK LEVEL.

    Section 301(b)(14)(C) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 
U.S.C. 1301(b)(14)(C)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (i), by striking ``100,000,000'' and inserting 
        ``60,000,000''; and
            (2) in clause (ii), by striking ``15 percent'' and inserting 
        ``10 percent''.

SEC. 1611. FARM RECONSTITUTIONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 316(a)(1)(A)(ii) of the Agricultural 
Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1314b(a)(1)(A)(ii)) is amended

[[Page 116 STAT. 219]]

by adding at the end the following: ``Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, for the 2002 crop only, the Secretary shall allow 
special farm reconstitutions, in lieu of lease and transfer of 
allotments and quotas, under this section, in accordance with such 
conditions as are established by the Secretary.''.
    (b) <<NOTE: 7 USC 7994.>>  Study.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall conduct a study on the 
        effects on the limitation on producers to move quota to a farm 
        other than the farm to which the quota was initially assigned 
        under part I of subtitle B of title III of the Agricultural 
        Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1311 et seq.).
            (2) Report.--Not <<NOTE: Deadline.>> later than 90 days 
        after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall 
        submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
        Forestry of the Senate a report on the results of the study.

SEC. 1612. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7995.>> ASSIGNMENT OF PAYMENTS.

    The provisions of section 8(g) of the Soil Conservation and Domestic 
Allotment Act (16 U.S.C. 590h(g)), relating to assignment of payments, 
shall apply to payments made under the authority of this Act. The 
producer making the assignment, or the assignee, shall provide the 
Secretary with notice, in such manner as the Secretary may require, of 
any assignment made under this section.

SEC. 1613. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7996.>> EQUITABLE RELIEF FROM INELIGIBILITY FOR 
            LOANS, PAYMENTS, OR OTHER BENEFITS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Agricultural commodity.--The term ``agricultural 
        commodity'' means any agricultural commodity, food, feed, fiber, 
        or livestock that is subject to a covered program.
            (2) Covered program.--
                    (A) In general.--The term ``covered program'' 
                means--
                          (i) a program administered by the Secretary 
                      under which price or income support, or production 
                      or market loss assistance, is provided to 
                      producers of agricultural commodities; and
                          (ii) a conservation program administered by 
                      the Secretary.
                    (B) Exclusions.--The term ``covered program'' does 
                not include--
                          (i) an agricultural credit program carried out 
                      under the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
                      Act (7 U.S.C. 1921 et seq.); or
                          (ii) the crop insurance program carried out 
                      under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 
                      1501 et seq.).
            (3) Participant.--The term ``participant'' means a 
        participant in a covered program.
            (4) State conservationist.--The term ``State 
        Conservationist'' means the State Conservationist with respect 
        to a program administered by the Natural Resources Conservation 
        Service.
            (5) State director.--The term ``State Director'' means the 
        State Executive Director of the Farm Service Agency with respect 
        to a program administered by the Farm Service Agency.

    (b) Equitable Relief.--The Secretary may provide relief to any 
participant that is determined to be not in compliance with the 
requirements of a covered program, and therefore ineligible

[[Page 116 STAT. 220]]

for a loan, payment, or other benefit under the covered program, if the 
participant--
            (1) acting in good faith, relied on the action or advice of 
        the Secretary (including any authorized representative of the 
        Secretary) to the detriment of the participant; or
            (2) failed to comply fully with the requirements of the 
        covered program, but made a good faith effort to comply with the 
        requirements.

    (c) Forms of Relief.--The Secretary may authorize a participant in a 
covered program to--
            (1) retain loans, payments, or other benefits received under 
        the covered program;
            (2) continue to receive loans, payments, and other benefits 
        under the covered program;
            (3) continue to participate, in whole or in part, under any 
        contract executed under the covered program;
            (4) in the case of a conservation program, reenroll all or 
        part of the land covered by the program; and
            (5) receive such other equitable relief as the Secretary 
        determines to be appropriate.

    (d) Remedial Action.--As a condition of receiving relief under this 
section, the Secretary may require the participant to take actions 
designed to remedy any failure to comply with the covered program.
    (e) Equitable Relief by State Directors and State 
Conservationists.--
            (1) In general.--A State Director, in the case of programs 
        administered by the State Director, and the State 
        Conservationist, in the case of programs administered by the 
        State Conservationist, may grant relief to a participant in 
        accordance with subsections (b) through (d) if--
                    (A) the amount of loans, payments, and benefits for 
                which relief will be provided to the participant under 
                this subsection is less than $20,000;
                    (B) the total amount of loans, payments, and 
                benefits for which relief has been previously provided 
                to the participant under this subsection is not more 
                than $5,000; and
                    (C) the total amount of loans, payments, and 
                benefits for which relief is provided to similarly 
                situated participants under this subsection is not more 
                than $1,000,000, as determined by the Secretary.
            (2) Consultation, approval, and reversal.--The decision by a 
        State Director or State Conservationist to grant relief under 
        this subsection--
                    (A) shall not require prior approval by the 
                Administrator of the Farm Service Agency, the Chief of 
                the Natural Resources Conservation Service, or any other 
                officer or employee of the Agency or Service;
                    (B) shall be made only after consultation with, and 
                the approval of, the Office of General Counsel of the 
                Department of Agriculture; and
                    (C) is subject to reversal only by the Secretary 
                (who may not delegate the reversal authority).
            (3) Nonapplicability.--The authority of a State Director or 
        State Conservationist under this subsection does not apply to 
        the administration of--
                    (A) payment limitations under--

[[Page 116 STAT. 221]]

                          (i) sections 1001 through 1001F of the Food 
                      Security Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 1308 et seq.); or
                          (ii) a conservation program administered by 
                      the Secretary.
                    (B) highly erodible land and wetland conservation 
                requirements under subtitle B or C of title XII of the 
                Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3811 et seq.).
            (4) Other authority.--The authority provided to a State 
        Director and State Conservationist under this subsection is in 
        addition to any other applicable authority and does not limit 
        other authority provided by law or the Secretary.

    (f) Judicial Review.--A discretionary decision by the Secretary, the 
State Director, or the State Conservationist under this section shall be 
final, and shall not be subject to review under chapter 7 of title 5, 
United States Code.
    (g) Reports.--Not <<NOTE: Deadline.>> later than February 1 of each 
year, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the 
House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, 
and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes for the previous 
calendar year--
            (1) the number of requests for equitable relief under 
        subsections (b) and (e) and the disposition of the requests; and
            (2) the number of requests for equitable relief under 
        section 278(d) of the Department of Agriculture Reorganization 
        Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6998(d)) and the disposition of the 
        requests.

    (h) Relationship to Other Law.--The authority provided in this 
section is in addition to any other authority provided in this or any 
other Act.
    (i) Finality Rule.--Section 281(a) of the Department of Agriculture 
Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 7001(a)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Consolidated Farm Service Agency'' each 
        place it appears and inserting ``Farm Service Agency'';
            (2) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) by striking ``This subsection'' and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), this subsection''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(B) Nonapplicability.--This subsection does not 
                apply to--
                          ``(i) a function performed under section 376 
                      of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development 
                      Act; or
                          ``(ii) a function performed under a 
                      conservation program administered by the Natural 
                      Resources Conservation Service.''; and
            (3) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``, before the end of the 
        90-day period,'' after ``unless the decision''.

    (j) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Section 326 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1962 (7 
        U.S.C. 1339a) is repealed.
            (2) Section 278(d) of the Department of Agriculture 
        Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6998(d)) is amended in the 
        first sentence by striking ``section 326 of the Food and 
        Agriculture Act of 1962 (7 U.S.C. 1339a)'' and inserting 
        ``section 1613 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
        2002''.
            (3) Section 1230A of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
        U.S.C. 3830a) is repealed.

[[Page 116 STAT. 222]]

SEC. 1614. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7997.>>  TRACKING OF BENEFITS.

    As soon as practicable after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary shall establish procedures to track the benefits provided, 
directly or indirectly, to individuals and entities under titles I and 
II and the amendments made by those titles.

SEC. 1615. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7998.>> ESTIMATES OF NET FARM INCOME.

    In each issuance of projections of net farm income, the Secretary 
shall include (as determined by the Secretary)--
            (1) an estimate of the net farm income earned by commercial 
        producers in the United States; and
            (2) an estimate of the net farm income attributable to 
        commercial producers of each of the following:
                    (A) Livestock.
                    (B) Loan commodities.
                    (C) Agricultural commodities other than loan 
                commodities.

SEC. 1616. <<NOTE: 7 USC 7999.>> AVAILABILITY OF INCENTIVE PAYMENTS FOR 
            CERTAIN PRODUCERS.

    (a) Incentive Payments Required.--Subject to subsection (b), the 
Secretary shall make available a total of $20,000,000 of funds of the 
Commodity Credit Corporation during the 2003 through 2005 crop years to 
provide incentive payments to producers of hard white wheat.
    (b) Conditions on Implementation.--The Secretary shall implement 
subsection (a)--
            (1) only with regard to production that meets minimum 
        quality criteria; and
            (2) on not more than 2,000,000 acres or the equivalent 
        volume of production.

    (c) Demand for Wheat.--To be eligible to obtain an incentive payment 
under subsection (a), a producer shall demonstrate to the satisfaction 
of the Secretary that buyers and end-users are available for the wheat 
to be covered by the incentive payment.

SEC. 1617. <<NOTE: 7 USC 8000.>> RENEWED AVAILABILITY OF MARKET LOSS 
            ASSISTANCE AND CERTAIN EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE TO PERSONS THAT 
            FAILED TO RECEIVE ASSISTANCE UNDER EARLIER AUTHORITIES.

    (a) Authority to Provide Assistance.--The Secretary of Agriculture 
may use such funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation as are necessary 
to provide market loss assistance and other emergency assistance under a 
provision of law specified in subsection (c) to persons that, as 
determined by the Secretary)--
            (1) were eligible to receive the assistance under the 
        provision of law; but
            (2) did not receive the assistance before October 1, 2001.

    (b) Limitation.--The amount of assistance provided under a provision 
of law specified in subsection (c) and this section to a person shall 
not exceed the amount of assistance the person would have been eligible 
to receive under the provision had the claim of the producer under the 
provision been timely resolved.
    (c) Covered Market Loss Assistance Authorities.--The following 
provisions of law are covered by this section:
            (1) Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of Public Law 107-25 (115 
        Stat. 201).

[[Page 116 STAT. 223]]

            (2) Sections 805, 806, and 814 of the Agriculture, Rural 
        Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies 
        Appropriations Act, 2001 (as enacted into law by Public Law 106-
        387; 114 Stat. 1549).
            (3) Sections 201, 202, 204(a), 204(d), 257, and 259 of the 
        Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000 (Public Law 106-224; 7 
        U.S.C. 1421 note).
            (4) Sections 802, 803(a), 804, and 805 of the Agriculture, 
        Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related 
        Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000 (Public Law 106-78; 113 Stat. 
        1135).
            (5) The livestock indemnity program under the heading 
        ``Commodity Credit Corporation Fund'' in chapter 1 of title I of 
        the 1999 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act (Public 106-
        31; 113 Stat. 59).
            (6) Section 1111(a) of the Agriculture, Rural Development, 
        Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies 
        Appropriations Act, 1999 (as contained in section 101(a) of 
        division A of Public Law 105-277; 112 Stat. 2681-44).

SEC. 1618. <<NOTE: 7 USC 8001.>>  PRODUCER RETENTION OF ERRONEOUSLY PAID 
            LOAN DEFICIENCY PAYMENTS AND MARKETING LOAN GAINS.

    Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary and the 
Commodity Credit Corporation shall not require producers in Erie County, 
Pennsylvania, to repay loan deficiency payments and marketing loan gains 
erroneously paid or determined to have been earned by the Commodity 
Credit Corporation for certain 1998 and 1999 crops under subtitle C of 
title I of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (7 
U.S.C. 7231 et seq.). In the case of a producer who has already made the 
repayment on or before the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Commodity Credit Corporation shall reimburse the producer for the full 
amount of the repayment.

                         TITLE II--CONSERVATION

                    Subtitle A--Conservation Security

SEC. 2001. CONSERVATION SECURITY PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3830 et seq.) is amended by inserting after chapter 1 
the following:

       ``CHAPTER 2--CONSERVATION SECURITY AND FARMLAND PROTECTION

              ``Subchapter A--Conservation Security Program

``SEC. 1238. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838.>>  DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this subchapter:
            ``(1) Base payment.--The term `base payment' means an amount 
        that is--
                    ``(A) determined in accordance with the rate 
                described in section 1238C(b)(1)(A); and

[[Page 116 STAT. 224]]

                    ``(B) paid to a producer under a conservation 
                security contract in accordance with clause (i) of 
                subparagraph (C), (D), or (E) of section 1238C(b)(1), as 
                appropriate.
            ``(2) Beginning farmer or rancher.--The term `beginning 
        farmer or rancher' has the meaning given the term under section 
        343(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 
        U.S.C. 1991(a)).
            ``(3) Conservation practice.--The term `conservation 
        practice' means a conservation farming practice described in 
        section 1238A(d)(4) that--
                    ``(A) requires planning, implementation, management, 
                and maintenance; and
                    ``(B) promotes 1 or more of the purposes described 
                in section 1238A(a).
            ``(4) Conservation security contract.--The term 
        `conservation security contract' means a contract described in 
        section 1238A(e).
            ``(5) Conservation security plan.--The term `conservation 
        security plan' means a plan described in section 1238A(c).
            ``(6) Conservation security program.--The term `conservation 
        security program' means the program established under section 
        1238A(a).
            ``(7) Enhanced payment.--The term `enhanced payment' means 
        the amount paid to a producer under a conservation security 
        contract that is equal to the amount described in section 
        1238C(b)(1)(C)(iii).
            ``(8) Nondegradation standard.--The term `nondegradation 
        standard' means the level of measures required to adequately 
        protect, and prevent degradation of, 1 or more natural 
        resources, as determined by the Secretary in accordance with the 
        quality criteria described in handbooks of the Natural Resources 
        Conservation Service.
            ``(9) Producer.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `producer' means an 
                owner, operator, landlord, tenant, or sharecropper 
                that--
                          ``(i) shares in the risk of producing any crop 
                      or livestock; and
                          ``(ii) is entitled to share in the crop or 
                      livestock available for marketing from a farm (or 
                      would have shared had the crop or livestock been 
                      produced).
                    ``(B) Hybrid seed growers.--In determining whether a 
                grower of hybrid seed is a producer, the Secretary shall 
                not take into consideration the existence of a hybrid 
                seed contract.
            ``(10) Resource-conserving crop rotation.--The term 
        `resource-conserving crop rotation' means a crop rotation that--
                    ``(A) includes at least 1 resource-conserving crop 
                (as defined by the Secretary);
                    ``(B) reduces erosion;
                    ``(C) improves soil fertility and tilth;
                    ``(D) interrupts pest cycles; and
                    ``(E) in applicable areas, reduces depletion of soil 
                moisture (or otherwise reduces the need for irrigation).
            ``(11) Resource management system.--The term `resource 
        management system' means a system of conservation practices and 
        management relating to land or water use that is designed to 
        prevent resource degradation and permit sustained use of

[[Page 116 STAT. 225]]

        land, water, and other natural resources, as defined in 
        accordance with the technical guide of the Natural Resources 
        Conservation Service.
            ``(12) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture, acting through the Chief of the Natural 
        Resources Conservation Service.
            ``(13) Tier i conservation security contract.--The term 
        `Tier I conservation security contract' means a contract 
        described in section 1238A(d)(5)(A).
            ``(14) Tier ii conservation security contract.--The term 
        `Tier II conservation security contract' means a contract 
        described in section 1238A(d)(5)(B).
            ``(15) Tier iii conservation security contract.--The term 
        `Tier III conservation security contract' means a contract 
        described in section 1238A(d)(5)(C).

``SEC. 1238A. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838a.>>  CONSERVATION SECURITY PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and, for each of 
fiscal years 2003 through 2007, carry out a conservation security 
program to assist producers of agricultural operations in promoting, as 
is applicable with respect to land to be enrolled in the program, 
conservation and improvement of the quality of soil, water, air, energy, 
plant and animal life, and any other conservation purposes, as 
determined by the Secretary.
    ``(b) Eligibility.--
            ``(1) Eligible producers.--To be eligible to participate in 
        the conservation security program (other than to receive 
        technical assistance under section 1238C(g) for the development 
        of conservation security contracts), a producer shall--
                    ``(A) develop and submit to the Secretary, and 
                obtain the approval of the Secretary of, a conservation 
                security plan that meets the requirements of subsection 
                (c)(1); and
                    ``(B) enter into a conservation security contract 
                with the Secretary to carry out the conservation 
                security plan.
            ``(2) Eligible land.--Except as provided in paragraph (3), 
        private agricultural land (including cropland, grassland, 
        prairie land, improved pasture land, and rangeland), land under 
        the jurisdiction of an Indian tribe (as defined by the 
        Secretary), and forested land that is an incidental part of an 
        agricultural operation shall be eligible for enrollment in the 
        conservation security program.
            ``(3) Exclusions.--
                    ``(A) Conservation reserve program.--Land enrolled 
                in the conservation reserve program under subchapter B 
                of chapter 1 shall not be eligible for enrollment in the 
                conservation security program.
                    ``(B) Wetlands reserve program.--Land enrolled in 
                the wetlands reserve program established under 
                subchapter C of chapter 1 shall not be eligible for 
                enrollment in the conservation security program.
                    ``(C) Grassland reserve program.--Land enrolled in 
                the grassland reserve program established under 
                subchapter C of chapter 2 shall not be eligible for 
                enrollment in the conservation security program.
                    ``(D) Conversion to cropland.--Land that is used for 
                crop production after the date of enactment of this 
                subchapter that had not been planted, considered to be

[[Page 116 STAT. 226]]

                planted, or devoted to crop production for at least 4 of 
                the 6 years preceding that date (except for land 
                enrolled in the conservation reserve program under 
                subchapter B of chapter 1) or that has been maintained 
                using long-term crop rotation practices, as determined 
                by the Secretary, shall not be the basis for any payment 
                under the conservation security program.
            ``(4) Economic uses.--The Secretary shall permit a producer 
        to implement, with respect to all eligible land covered by a 
        conservation security plan, economic uses that--
                    ``(A) maintain the agricultural nature of the land; 
                and
                    ``(B) are consistent with the natural resource and 
                conservation objectives of the conservation security 
                program.

    ``(c) Conservation Security Plans.--
            ``(1) In general.--A conservation security plan shall--
                    ``(A) identify the designated land and resources to 
                be conserved under the conservation security plan;
                    ``(B) describe the tier of conservation security 
                contract, and the particular conservation practices to 
                be implemented, maintained, or improved, in accordance 
                with subsection (d) on the land covered by the 
                conservation security contract for the specified term; 
                and
                    ``(C) contain a schedule for the implementation, 
                maintenance, or improvement of the conservation 
                practices described in the conservation security plan 
                during the term of the conservation security contract.
            ``(2) Resource planning.--The Secretary may assist producers 
        that enter into conservation security contracts in developing a 
        comprehensive, long-term strategy for improving and maintaining 
        all natural resources of the agricultural operation of the 
        producer.

    ``(d) Conservation Contracts and Practices.--
            ``(1) In general.--
                    ``(A) Establishment of tiers.--The Secretary shall 
                establish, and offer to eligible producers, 3 tiers of 
                conservation contracts under which a payment under this 
                subchapter may be received.
                    ``(B) Eligible conservation practices.--
                          ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall make 
                      eligible for payment under a conservation security 
                      contract land management, vegetative, and 
                      structural practices.
                          ``(ii) Determination.--In determining the 
                      eligibility of a practice described in clause (i), 
                      the Secretary shall require, to the maximum extent 
                      practicable, that the lowest cost alternatives be 
                      used to fulfill the purposes of the conservation 
                      security plan, as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(2) On-farm research and demonstration or pilot testing.--
        With respect to land enrolled in the conservation security 
        program, the Secretary may approve a conservation security plan 
        that includes--
                    ``(A) on-farm conservation research and 
                demonstration activities; and
                    ``(B) pilot testing of new technologies or 
                innovative conservation practices.

[[Page 116 STAT. 227]]

            ``(3) Use of handbook and guides; state and local 
        conservation concerns.--
                    ``(A) Use of handbook and guides.--In determining 
                eligible conservation practices and the criteria for 
                implementing or maintaining the conservation practices 
                under the conservation security program, the Secretary 
                shall use the National Handbook of Conservation 
                Practices of the Natural Resources Conservation Service.
                    ``(B) State and local conservation priorities.--The 
                conservation priorities of a State or locality in which 
                an agricultural operation is situated shall be 
                determined by the State Conservationist, in consultation 
                with--
                          ``(i) the State technical committee 
                      established under subtitle G; and
                          ``(ii) local agricultural producers and 
                      conservation working groups.
            ``(4) Conservation practices.--Conservation practices that 
        may be implemented by a producer under a conservation security 
        contract (as appropriate for the agricultural operation of a 
        producer) include--
                    ``(A) nutrient management;
                    ``(B) integrated pest management;
                    ``(C) water conservation (including through 
                irrigation) and water quality management;
                    ``(D) grazing, pasture, and rangeland management;
                    ``(E) soil conservation, quality, and residue 
                management;
                    ``(F) invasive species management;
                    ``(G) fish and wildlife habitat conservation, 
                restoration, and management;
                    ``(H) air quality management;
                    ``(I) energy conservation measures;
                    ``(J) biological resource conservation and 
                regeneration;
                    ``(K) contour farming;
                    ``(L) strip cropping;
                    ``(M) cover cropping;
                    ``(N) controlled rotational grazing;
                    ``(O) resource-conserving crop rotation;
                    ``(P) conversion of portions of cropland from a 
                soil-depleting use to a soil-conserving use, including 
                production of cover crops;
                    ``(Q) partial field conservation practices;
                    ``(R) native grassland and prairie protection and 
                restoration; and
                    ``(S) any other conservation practices that the 
                Secretary determines to be appropriate and comparable to 
                other conservation practices described in this 
                paragraph.
            ``(5) Tiers.--Subject to paragraph (6), to carry out this 
        subsection, the Secretary shall establish the following 3 tiers 
        of conservation contracts:
                    ``(A) Tier i conservation security contracts.--A 
                conservation security plan for land enrolled under a 
                Tier I conservation security contract shall--
                          ``(i) be for a period of 5 years; and
                          ``(ii) include conservation practices 
                      appropriate for the agricultural operation, that, 
                      at a minimum (as determined by the Secretary)--

[[Page 116 STAT. 228]]

                                    ``(I) address at least 1 significant 
                                resource of concern for the enrolled 
                                portion of the agricultural operation at 
                                a level that meets the appropriate 
                                nondegradation standard; and
                                    ``(II) cover active management of 
                                conservation practices that are 
                                implemented or maintained under the 
                                conservation security contract.
                    ``(B) Tier ii conservation security contracts.--A 
                conservation security plan for land enrolled under a 
                Tier II conservation security contract shall--
                          ``(i) be for a period of not less than 5 nor 
                      more than 10 years, as determined by the producer;
                          ``(ii) include conservation practices 
                      appropriate for the agricultural operation, that, 
                      at a minimum--
                                    ``(I) address at least 1 significant 
                                resource of concern for the entire 
                                agricultural operation, as determined by 
                                the Secretary, at a level that meets the 
                                appropriate nondegradation standard; and
                                    ``(II) cover active management of 
                                conservation practices that are 
                                implemented or maintained under the 
                                conservation security contract.
                    ``(C) Tier iii conservation security contracts.--A 
                conservation security plan for land enrolled under a 
                Tier III conservation security contract shall--
                          ``(i) be for a period of not less than 5 nor 
                      more than 10 years, as determined by the producer; 
                      and
                          ``(ii) include conservation practices 
                      appropriate for the agricultural operation that, 
                      at a minimum--
                                    ``(I) apply a resource management 
                                system that meets the appropriate 
                                nondegradation standard for all 
                                resources of concern of the entire 
                                agricultural operation, as determined by 
                                the Secretary; and
                                    ``(II) cover active management of 
                                conservation practices that are 
                                implemented or maintained under the 
                                conservation security contract.
            ``(6) Minimum requirements.--The minimum requirements for 
        each tier of conservation contracts implemented under paragraph 
        (5) shall be determined and approved by the Secretary.

    ``(e) Conservation Security Contracts.--
            ``(1) In general.--On approval of a conservation security 
        plan of a producer, the Secretary shall enter into a 
        conservation security contract with the producer to enroll the 
        land covered by the conservation security plan in the 
        conservation security program.
            ``(2) Modification.--
                    ``(A) Optional modifications.--A producer may apply 
                to the Secretary for a modification of the conservation 
                security contract of the producer that is consistent 
                with the purposes of the conservation security program.
                    ``(B) Other modifications.--
                          ``(i) In general.--The Secretary may, in 
                      writing, require a producer to modify a 
                      conservation security contract before the 
                      expiration of the conservation security contract 
                      if the Secretary determines that a change made to 
                      the type, size, management, or other aspect of the 
                      agricultural operation of the producer would,

[[Page 116 STAT. 229]]

                      without the modification of the contract, 
                      significantly interfere with achieving the 
                      purposes of the conservation security program.
                          ``(ii) Participation in other programs.--If 
                      appropriate payment reductions and other 
                      adjustments (as determined by the Secretary) are 
                      made to the conservation security contract of a 
                      producer, the producer may--
                                    ``(I) simultaneously participate 
                                in--
                                            ``(aa) the conservation 
                                        security program;
                                            ``(bb) the conservation 
                                        reserve program under subchapter 
                                        B of chapter 1; and
                                            ``(cc) the wetlands reserve 
                                        program under subchapter C of 
                                        chapter 1; and
                                    ``(II) may remove land enrolled in 
                                the conservation security program for 
                                enrollment in a program described in 
                                item (bb) or (cc) of subclause (I).
            ``(3) Termination.--
                    ``(A) Optional termination.--A producer may 
                terminate a conservation security contract and retain 
                payments received under the conservation security 
                contract, if--
                          ``(i) the producer is in full compliance with 
                      the terms and conditions (including any 
                      maintenance requirements) of the conservation 
                      security contract as of the date of the 
                      termination; and
                          ``(ii) the Secretary determines that 
                      termination of the contract would not defeat the 
                      purposes of the conservation security plan of the 
                      producer.
                    ``(B) Other termination.--A producer that is 
                required to modify a conservation security contract 
                under paragraph (2)(B)(i) may, in lieu of modifying the 
                contract--
                          ``(i) terminate the conservation security 
                      contract; and
                          ``(ii) retain payments received under the 
                      conservation security contract, if the producer 
                      has fully complied with the terms and conditions 
                      of the conservation security contract before 
                      termination of the contract, as determined by the 
                      Secretary.
            ``(4) Renewal.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), at the option of a producer, the 
                conservation security contract of the producer may be 
                renewed for an additional period of not less than 5 nor 
                more than 10 years.
                    ``(B) Tier i renewals.--In the case of a Tier I 
                conservation security contract of a producer, the 
                producer may renew the contract only if the producer 
                agrees--
                          ``(i) to apply additional conservation 
                      practices that meet the nondegradation standard on 
                      land already enrolled in the conservation security 
                      program; or
                          ``(ii) to adopt new conservation practices 
                      with respect to another portion of the 
                      agricultural operation that address resource 
                      concerns and meet the nondegradation standard 
                      under the terms of the Tier I conservation 
                      security contract.

    ``(f) Noncompliance Due to Circumstances Beyond the Control of 
Producers.--The Secretary shall include in the conservation security 
contract a provision, and may permit modification

[[Page 116 STAT. 230]]

of a conservation security contract under subsection (e)(1), to ensure 
that a producer shall not be considered in violation of a conservation 
security contract for failure to comply with the conservation security 
contract due to circumstances beyond the control of the producer, 
including a disaster or related condition, as determined by the 
Secretary.

``SEC. 1238B. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838b.>>  DUTIES OF PRODUCERS.

    ``Under a conservation security contract, a producer shall agree, 
during the term of the conservation security contract--
            ``(1) to implement the applicable conservation security plan 
        approved by the Secretary;
            ``(2) to maintain, and make available to the Secretary at 
        such times as the Secretary may request, appropriate records 
        showing the effective and timely implementation of the 
        conservation security plan;
            ``(3) not to engage in any activity that would interfere 
        with the purposes of the conservation security program; and
            ``(4) on the violation of a term or condition of the 
        conservation security contract--
                    ``(A) if the Secretary determines that the violation 
                warrants termination of the conservation security 
                contract--
                          ``(i) to forfeit all rights to receive 
                      payments under the conservation security contract; 
                      and
                          ``(ii) to refund to the Secretary all or a 
                      portion of the payments received by the producer 
                      under the conservation security contract, 
                      including any advance payments and interest on the 
                      payments, as determined by the Secretary; or
                    ``(B) if the Secretary determines that the violation 
                does not warrant termination of the conservation 
                security contract, to refund to the Secretary, or accept 
                adjustments to, the payments provided to the producer, 
                as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.

``SEC. 1238C. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838c.>> DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY.

    ``(a) Timing of Payments.--The Secretary shall make payments under a 
conservation security contract as soon as practicable after October 1 of 
each fiscal year.
    ``(b) Annual Payments.--
            ``(1) Criteria for determining amount of payments.--
                    ``(A) Base payment.--A base payment under this 
                paragraph shall be (as determined by the Secretary)--
                          ``(i) the average national per-acre rental 
                      rate for a specific land use during the 2001 crop 
                      year; or
                          ``(ii) another appropriate rate for the 2001 
                      crop year that ensures regional equity.
                    ``(B) Payments.--A payment for a conservation 
                practice under this paragraph shall be determined in 
                accordance with subparagraphs (C) through (E).
                    ``(C) Tier i conservation security contracts.--The 
                payment for a Tier I conservation security contract 
                shall consist of the total of the following amounts:
                          ``(i) An amount equal to 5 percent of the 
                      applicable base payment for land covered by the 
                      contract.
                          ``(ii) An amount that does not exceed 75 
                      percent (or, in the case of a beginning farmer or 
                      rancher, 90 percent) of the average county costs 
                      of practices

[[Page 116 STAT. 231]]

                      for the 2001 crop year that are included in the 
                      conservation security contract, as determined by 
                      the Secretary, including the costs of--
                                    ``(I) the adoption of new 
                                management, vegetative, and land-based 
                                structural practices;
                                    ``(II) the maintenance of existing 
                                land management and vegetative 
                                practices; and
                                    ``(III) the maintenance of existing 
                                land-based structural practices that are 
                                approved by the Secretary but not 
                                already covered by a Federal or State 
                                maintenance requirement.
                          ``(iii) An enhanced payment that is determined 
                      by the Secretary in a manner that ensures equity 
                      across regions of the United States, if the 
                      producer--
                                    ``(I) implements or maintains 
                                multiple conservation practices that 
                                exceed minimum requirements for the 
                                applicable tier of participation 
                                (including practices that involve a 
                                change in land use, such as resource-
                                conserving crop rotation, managed 
                                rotational grazing, or conservation 
                                buffer practices);
                                    ``(II) addresses local conservation 
                                priorities in addition to resources of 
                                concern for the agricultural operation;
                                    ``(III) participates in an on-farm 
                                conservation research, demonstration, or 
                                pilot project;
                                    ``(IV) participates in a watershed 
                                or regional resource conservation plan 
                                that involves at least 75 percent of 
                                producers in a targeted area; or
                                    ``(V) carries out assessment and 
                                evaluation activities relating to 
                                practices included in a conservation 
                                security plan.
                    ``(D) Tier ii conservation security contracts.--The 
                payment for a Tier II conservation security contract 
                shall consist of the total of the following amounts:
                          ``(i) An amount equal to 10 percent of the 
                      applicable base payment for land covered by the 
                      conservation security contract.
                          ``(ii) An amount that does not exceed 75 
                      percent (or, in the case of a beginning farmer or 
                      rancher, 90 percent) of the average county cost of 
                      adopting or maintaining practices for the 2001 
                      crop year that are included in the conservation 
                      security contract, as described in subparagraph 
                      (C)(ii).
                          ``(iii) An enhanced payment that is determined 
                      in accordance with subparagraph (C)(iii).
                    ``(E) Tier iii conservation security contracts.--The 
                payment for a Tier III conservation security contract 
                shall consist of the total of the following amounts:
                          ``(i) An amount equal to 15 percent of the 
                      base payment for land covered by the conservation 
                      security contract.
                          ``(ii) An amount that does not exceed 75 
                      percent (or, in the case of a beginning farmer or 
                      rancher, 90 percent) of the average county cost of 
                      adopting or maintaining practices for the 2001 
                      crop year that

[[Page 116 STAT. 232]]

                      are included in the conservation security 
                      contract, as described in subparagraph (C)(ii).
                          ``(iii) An enhanced payment that is determined 
                      in accordance with subparagraph (C)(iii).
            ``(2) Limitation on payments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (1) and 
                (3), the Secretary shall make an annual payment, 
                directly or indirectly, to an individual or entity 
                covered by a conservation security contract in an amount 
                not to exceed--
                          ``(i) in the case of a Tier I conservation 
                      security contract, $20,000;
                          ``(ii) in the case of a Tier II conservation 
                      security contract, $35,000; or
                          ``(iii) in the case of a Tier III conservation 
                      security contract, $45,000.
                    ``(B) Limitation on base payments.--In applying the 
                payment limitation under each of clauses (i), (ii), and 
                (iii) of subparagraph (A), an individual or entity may 
                not receive, directly or indirectly, payments described 
                in clause (i) of paragraph (1)(C), (1)(D), or (1)(E), as 
                appropriate, in an amount that exceeds--
                          ``(i) in the case of Tier I contracts, 25 
                      percent of the applicable payment limitation; or
                          ``(ii) in the case of Tier II contracts and 
                      Tier III contracts, 30 percent of the applicable 
                      payment limitation.
                    ``(C) Other usda payments.--A producer shall not 
                receive payments under the conservation security program 
                and any other conservation program administered by the 
                Secretary for the same practices on the same land.
                    ``(D) Commensurate share.--To be eligible to receive 
                a payment under this subchapter, an individual or entity 
                shall make contributions (including contributions of 
                land, labor, management, equipment, or capital) to the 
                operation of the farm that are at least commensurate 
                with the share of the proceeds of the operation of the 
                individual or entity.
            ``(3) Equipment or facilities.--A payment to a producer 
        under this subchapter shall not be provided for--
                    ``(A) construction or maintenance of animal waste 
                storage or treatment facilities or associated waste 
                transport or transfer devices for animal feeding 
                operations; or
                    ``(B) the purchase or maintenance of equipment or a 
                non-land based structure that is not integral to a land-
                based practice, as determined by the Secretary.

    ``(c) Minimum Practice Requirement.--In determining a payment under 
subsection (b) for a producer that receives a payment under another 
program administered by the Secretary that is contingent on complying 
with requirements under subtitle B or C (relating to the use of highly 
erodible land or wetland), a payment under this subchapter on land 
subject to those requirements shall be for practices only to the extent 
that the practices exceed minimum requirements for the producer under 
those subtitles, as determined by the Secretary.
    ``(d) Regulations.--The Secretary shall promulgate regulations 
that--

[[Page 116 STAT. 233]]

            ``(1) provide for adequate safeguards to protect the 
        interests of tenants and sharecroppers, including provision for 
        sharing payments, on a fair and equitable basis; and
            ``(2) prescribe such other rules as the Secretary determines 
        to be necessary to ensure a fair and reasonable application of 
        the limitations established under subsection (b).

    ``(e) Transfer or Change of Interest in Land Subject to Conservation 
Security Contract.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        transfer, or change in the interest, of a producer in land 
        subject to a conservation security contract shall result in the 
        termination of the conservation security contract.
            ``(2) Transfer of duties and <<NOTE: Deadline.>> rights.--
        Paragraph (1) shall not apply if, not later than 60 days after 
        the date of the transfer or change in the interest in land, the 
        transferee of the land provides written notice to the Secretary 
        that all duties and rights under the conservation security 
        contract have been transferred to, and assumed by, the 
        transferee.

    ``(f) Enrollment Procedure.--In entering into conservation security 
contracts with producers under this subchapter, the Secretary shall not 
use competitive bidding or any similar procedure.
    ``(g) Technical Assistance.--For each of fiscal years 2003 through 
2007, the Secretary shall provide technical assistance to producers for 
the development and implementation of conservation security contracts, 
in an amount not to exceed 15 percent of amounts expended for the fiscal 
year.''.
    (b) Regulations.-- <<NOTE: Deadline. 16 USC 3838 note.>> Not later 
than 270 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 
Agriculture shall promulgate regulations implementing the amendment made 
by subsection (a).


SEC. 2002. CONSERVATION COMPLIANCE.

    (a) Highly Erodible Land.--Section 1211 of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3811) is amended--
            (1) by striking the section heading and all that follows 
        through ``Except as provided in'' and inserting the following:

``SEC. 1211. PROGRAM INELIGIBILITY.

    ``(a) In General.--Except as provided in''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(b) Highly Erodible Land.--The Secretary shall have, and shall not 
delegate to any private person or entity, authority to determine whether 
a person has complied with this subtitle.''.
    (b) Wetland.--Section 1221 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 
U.S.C. 3821) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Wetland.--The Secretary shall have, and shall not delegate to 
any private person or entity, authority to determine whether a person 
has complied with this subtitle.''.


SEC. 2003. PARTNERSHIPS AND COOPERATION.

    Section 1243 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3843) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(f) Partnerships and Cooperation.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out any program under 
        subtitle D, the Secretary may use resources provided under that 
        subtitle to enter into stewardship agreements with State and 
        local agencies, Indian tribes, and nongovernmental organizations 
        and to designate special projects, as recommended by the State 
        Conservationist, after consultation with the State

[[Page 116 STAT. 234]]

        technical committee, to enhance technical and financial 
        assistance provided to owners, operators, and producers to 
        address natural resource issues related to agricultural 
        production.
            ``(2) Criteria for special projects.--The purposes of 
        special projects carried out under this subsection shall be to 
        encourage--
                    ``(A) producers to cooperate in the installation and 
                maintenance of conservation practices that affect 
                multiple agricultural operations;
                    ``(B) the sharing of information and technical and 
                financial resources among producers;
                    ``(C) cumulative conservation benefits in geographic 
                areas; and
                    ``(D) the development and demonstration of 
                innovative conservation methods.
            ``(3) Incentives.--To realize the purposes of the special 
        projects under paragraph (1), the Secretary may provide special 
        incentives to owners, operators, and producers participating in 
        the special projects to encourage partnerships and enrollments 
        of optimal conservation value.
            ``(4) Flexibility.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary may enter into 
                stewardship agreements with States (including State 
                agencies and units of local government), Indian tribes, 
                and nongovernmental organizations that have a history of 
                working with agricultural producers to allow greater 
                flexibility to adjust the application of eligibility 
                criteria, approved practices, innovative conservation 
                practices, and other elements of the programs under this 
                title to better reflect unique local circumstances and 
                purposes in a manner that is consistent with--
                          ``(i) conservation enhancement and long-term 
                      productivity of the natural resource base; and
                          ``(ii) the purposes and requirements of this 
                      title.
                    ``(B) Plan.--Each party to a stewardship agreement 
                under subparagraph (A) shall submit to the Secretary, 
                for approval by the Secretary, a special project area 
                plan for each program to be carried out by the party 
                that includes--
                          ``(i) a description of the requested resources 
                      and adjustments to program implementation 
                      (including a description of how those adjustments 
                      will accelerate the achievement of conservation 
                      benefits);
                          ``(ii) an analysis of the contribution those 
                      adjustments will make to the effectiveness of 
                      programs in achieving the purposes of the special 
                      project;
                          ``(iii) a timetable for reevaluating the need 
                      for or performance of the proposed adjustments;
                          ``(iv) a description of non-Federal programs 
                      and resources that will contribute to achieving 
                      the purposes of the special project; and
                          ``(v) a plan for the evaluation of progress 
                      toward the purposes of the special project.
            ``(5) Funding.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In addition to resources from 
                programs under subtitle D, subject to subparagraph (B), 
                the Secretary shall use not more than 5 percent of the 
                funds

[[Page 116 STAT. 235]]

                made available for each fiscal year under section 
                1241(a) to carry out activities that are authorized 
                under conservation programs under subtitle D.
                    ``(B) Unused funding.--Any funds made available for 
                a fiscal year under subparagraph (A) that are not 
                obligated by April 1 of the fiscal year may be used to 
                carry out other activities under conservation programs 
                under subtitle D during the fiscal year in which the 
                funding becomes available.''.

SEC. 2004. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSERVATION PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle E of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3841 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:

``SEC. 1244. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3844.>>  ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR 
            CONSERVATION PROGRAMS.

    ``(a) Beginning Farmers and Ranchers and Indian Tribes.--In carrying 
out any conservation program administered by the Secretary, the 
Secretary may provide to beginning farmers and ranchers and Indian 
tribes (as those terms are defined in section 1238) and limited resource 
agricultural producers incentives to participate in the conservation 
program to--
            ``(1) foster new farming and ranching opportunities; and
            ``(2) enhance environmental stewardship over the long term.
			

    ``(b) Privacy of Personal Information Relating to Natural Resources 
Conservation Programs.--
            ``(1) Information received for technical and financial 
        assistance.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In accordance with section 
                552(b)(3) of title 5, United States Code, except as 
                provided in subparagraph (C) and paragraph (2), 
                information described in subparagraph (B)--
                          ``(i) shall not be considered to be public 
                      information; and
                          ``(ii) shall not be released to any person or 
                      Federal, State, local agency or Indian tribe (as 
                      defined by the Secretary) outside the Department 
                      of Agriculture.
                    ``(B) Information.--The information referred to in 
                subparagraph (A) is information--
                          ``(i) provided to the Secretary or a 
                      contractor of the Secretary (including information 
                      provided under subtitle D) for the purpose of 
                      providing technical or financial assistance to an 
                      owner, operator, or producer with respect to any 
                      natural resources conservation program 
                      administered by the Natural Resources Conservation 
                      Service or the Farm Service Agency; and
                          ``(ii) that is proprietary (within the meaning 
                      of section 552(b)(4) of title 5, United States 
                      Code) to the agricultural operation or land that 
                      is a part of an agricultural operation of the 
                      owner, operator, or producer.
                    ``(C) Exception.--Nothing in this section affects 
                the availability of payment information (including 
                payment amounts and the names and addresses of 
                recipients of payments) under section 552 of title 5, 
                United States Code.
            ``(2) Exceptions.--

[[Page 116 STAT. 236]]

                    ``(A) Release and disclosure for enforcement.--The 
                Secretary may release or disclose to the Attorney 
                General information covered by paragraph (1) to the 
                extent necessary to enforce the natural resources 
                conservation programs referred to in paragraph 
                (1)(B)(i).
                    ``(B) Disclosure to cooperating persons and 
                agencies.--
                          ``(i) In general.--The Secretary may release 
                      or disclose information covered by paragraph (1) 
                      to a person or Federal, State, local, or tribal 
                      agency working in cooperation with the Secretary 
                      in providing technical and financial assistance 
                      described in paragraph (1)(B)(i) or collecting 
                      information from data gathering sites.
                          ``(ii) Use of information.--The person or 
                      Federal, State, local, or tribal agency that 
                      receives information described in clause (i) may 
                      release the information only for the purpose of 
                      assisting the Secretary--
                                    ``(I) in providing the requested 
                                technical or financial assistance; or
                                    ``(II) in collecting information 
                                from data gathering sites.
                    ``(C) Statistical and aggregate information.--
                Information covered by paragraph (1) may be disclosed to 
                the public if the information has been transformed into 
                a statistical or aggregate form without naming any--
                          ``(i) individual owner, operator, or producer; 
                      or
                          ``(ii) specific data gathering site.
                    ``(D) Consent of owner, operator, or producer.--
                          ``(i) In general.--An owner, operator, or 
                      producer may consent to the disclosure of 
                      information described in paragraph (1).
                          ``(ii) Condition of other programs.--The 
                      participation of the owner, operator, or producer 
                      in, and the receipt of any benefit by the owner, 
                      operator, or producer under, this title or any 
                      other program administered by the Secretary may 
                      not be conditioned on the owner, operator, or 
                      producer providing consent under this paragraph.
            ``(3) Violations; penalties.--Section 1770(c) shall apply 
        with respect to the release of information collected in any 
        manner or for any purpose prohibited by this subsection.
            ``(4) Data collection, disclosure, and review.--Nothing in 
        this subsection--
                    ``(A) affects any procedure for data collection or 
                disclosure through the National Resources Inventory; or
                    ``(B) limits the authority of Congress or the 
                General Accounting Office to review information 
                collected or disclosed under this subsection.''.

    (b) National Resources Inventory.--Section 1770 of the Food Security 
Act of 1985 (7 U.S.C. 2276) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``or'' at the end;
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; or''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:

[[Page 116 STAT. 237]]

            ``(3) in the case of information collected under the 
        authority described in subsection (d)(12), disclose the 
        information to any person or any Federal, State, local, or 
        tribal agency outside the Department of Agriculture, unless the 
        information has been converted into a statistical or aggregate 
        form that does not allow the identification of the person that 
        supplied particular information.''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (9), by striking ``or'' at the end;
                    (B) in paragraph (11), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; or''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(12) section 302 of the Rural Development Act of 1972 (7 
        U.S.C. 1010a) regarding the authority to collect data for the 
        National Resources Inventory.''.

SEC. 2005. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3801 note.>>  REFORM AND ASSESSMENT OF 
            CONSERVATION PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Agriculture shall develop a plan 
to coordinate land retirement and agricultural working land conservation 
programs that are administered by the Secretary to achieve the goals 
of--
            (1) eliminating redundancy;
            (2) streamlining program delivery; and
            (3) improving services provided to agricultural producers 
        (including the reevaluation of the provision of technical 
        assistance).

    (b) Report.--Not <<NOTE: Deadline.>> later than December 31, 2005, 
the Secretary of Agriculture shall submit to the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate, a report that 
describes--
            (1) the plan developed under subsection (a); and
            (2) the means by which the Secretary intends to achieve the 
        goals described in subsection (a).

SEC. 2006. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Chapter 1 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3830 et seq.) is amended by striking the chapter heading 
and inserting the following:

     ``CHAPTER 1--COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM''.

    (b) Section 1230 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3830) 
is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``environmental 
        conservation acreage reserve program'' and inserting 
        ``comprehensive conservation enhancement program'';
            (2) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``an environmental 
        conservation acreage reserve program'' and inserting ``a 
        comprehensive conservation enhancement program'';
            (3) by striking subsection (c); and
            (4) by striking ``ECARP'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``CCEP''.

    (c) Section 1230A of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3830a) 
is repealed.
    (d) Section 1243 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3843) 
is amended by striking the section heading and inserting the following:

[[Page 116 STAT. 238]]

``SEC. 1243. ADMINISTRATION OF CCEP.''.

                    Subtitle B--Conservation Reserve

SEC. 2101. CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle D of title 
XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831 et seq.) is amended 
to read as follows:

                  ``Subchapter B--Conservation Reserve

``SEC. 1231. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3831.>>  CONSERVATION RESERVE.

    ``(a) In General.--Through the 2007 calendar year, the Secretary 
shall formulate and carry out a conservation reserve program under which 
land is enrolled through the use of contracts to assist owners and 
operators of land specified in subsection (b) to conserve and improve 
the soil, water, and wildlife resources of such land.
    ``(b) Eligible Land.--The Secretary may include in the program 
established under this subchapter--
            ``(1) highly erodible cropland that--
                    ``(A)(i) if permitted to remain untreated could 
                substantially reduce the agricultural production 
                capability for future generations; or
                    ``(ii) cannot be farmed in accordance with a plan 
                that complies with the requirements of subtitle B; and
                    ``(B) the Secretary determines had a cropping 
                history or was considered to be planted for 4 of the 6 
                years preceding the date of enactment of the Farm 
                Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (except for 
                land enrolled in the conservation reserve program as of 
                that date).
            ``(2) marginal pasture land converted to wetland or 
        established as wildlife habitat prior to November 28, 1990;
            ``(3) marginal pasture land to be devoted to appropriate 
        vegetation, including trees, in or near riparian areas, or 
        devoted to similar water quality purposes (including marginal 
        pastureland converted to wetland or established as wildlife 
        habitat);
            ``(4) cropland that is otherwise ineligible if the Secretary 
        determines that--
                    ``(A) if permitted to remain in agricultural 
                production, the land would--
                          ``(i) contribute to the degradation of soil, 
                      water, or air quality; or
                          ``(ii) pose an on-site or off-site 
                      environmental threat to soil, water, or air 
                      quality;
                    ``(B) the land is a--
                          ``(i) newly-created, permanent grass sod 
                      waterway; or
                          ``(ii) a contour grass sod strip established 
                      and maintained as part of an approved conservation 
                      plan;
                    ``(C) the land will be devoted to newly established 
                living snow fences, permanent wildlife habitat, 
                windbreaks, shelterbelts, or filterstrips devoted to 
                trees or shrubs; or
                    ``(D) the land poses an off-farm environmental 
                threat, or a threat of continued degradation of 
                productivity due to soil salinity, if permitted to 
                remain in production; and

[[Page 116 STAT. 239]]

                    ``(E) enrollment of the land would facilitate a net 
                savings in groundwater or surface water resources of the 
                agricultural operation of the producer;
            ``(5) the portion of land in a field not enrolled in the 
        conservation reserve in a case in which more than 50 percent of 
        the land in the field is enrolled as a buffer, if--
                    ``(A) the land is enrolled as part of the buffer; 
                and
                    ``(B) the remainder of the field is--
                          ``(i) infeasible to farm; and
                          ``(ii) enrolled at regular rental rates.

    ``(c) Planting Status of Certain Land.--For purposes of determining 
the eligibility of land to be placed in the conservation reserve 
established under this subchapter, land shall be considered to be 
planted to an agricultural commodity during a crop year if--
            ``(1) during the crop year, the land was devoted to a 
        conserving use; or
            ``(2)(A) during the crop year or during any of the 2 years 
        preceding the crop year, the land was enrolled in the water bank 
        program; and
            ``(B) the contract of the owner or operator of the cropland 
        expired or will expire in calendar year 2000, 2001, or 2002.

    ``(d) Maximum Enrollment.--The Secretary may maintain up to 
39,200,000 acres in the conservation reserve at any 1 time during the 
2002 through 2007 calendar years (including contracts extended by the 
Secretary pursuant to section 1437(c) of the Food, Agriculture, 
Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 ( 16 U.S.C. 3831 note; Public Law 
101-624)).
    ``(e) Duration of Contract.--
            ``(1) In general.--For the purpose of carrying out this 
        subchapter, the Secretary shall enter into contracts of not less 
        than 10, nor more than 15, years.
            ``(2) Certain land.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In the case of land devoted to 
                hardwood trees, shelterbelts, windbreaks, or wildlife 
                corridors under a contract entered into under this 
                subchapter after October 1, 1990, and land devoted to 
                such uses under contracts modified under section 1235A, 
                the owner or operator of the land may, within the 
                limitations prescribed under this section, specify the 
                duration of the contract.
                    ``(B) Hardwood trees.--In the case of land that is 
                devoted to hardwood trees under a contract entered into 
                under this subchapter prior to October 1, 1990, the 
                Secretary may extend the contract for a term of not to 
                exceed 5 years, as agreed to by the owner or operator of 
                such land and the Secretary.
            ``(3) 1-year extension.--In the case of a contract described 
        in paragraph (1) the term of which expires during calendar year 
        2002, an owner or operator of land enrolled under the contract 
        may extend the contract for 1 additional year.

    ``(f) Conservation Priority Areas.--
            ``(1) Designation.--On application by the appropriate State 
        agency, the Secretary shall designate watershed areas of the 
        Chesapeake Bay Region (Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia), 
        the Great Lakes Region, the Long Island Sound Region, and other 
        areas of special environmental sensitivity as conservation 
        priority areas.

[[Page 116 STAT. 240]]

            ``(2) Eligible watersheds.--Watersheds eligible for 
        designation under this subsection shall include areas with 
        actual and significant adverse water quality or habitat impacts 
        related to agricultural production activities.
            ``(3) Expiration.--Conservation priority area designation 
        under this subsection shall expire after 5 years, subject to 
        redesignation, except that the Secretary may withdraw a 
        watershed's designation--
                    ``(A) on application by the appropriate State 
                agency; or
                    ``(B) in the case of an area covered by this 
                subsection, if the Secretary finds that the area no 
                longer contains actual and significant adverse water 
                quality or habitat impacts related to agricultural 
                production activities.
            ``(4) Duty of secretary.--In carrying out this subsection, 
        the Secretary shall attempt to maximize water quality and 
        habitat benefits in the watersheds described in paragraph (1) by 
        promoting a significant level of enrollment of land within the 
        watersheds in the program under this subchapter by whatever 
        means the Secretary determines are appropriate and consistent 
        with the purposes of this subchapter.

    ``(g) Multi-Year Grasses and Legumes.--For purposes of this 
subchapter, alfalfa and other multi-year grasses and legumes in a 
rotation practice, approved by the Secretary, shall be considered 
agricultural commodities.
    ``(h) Pilot Program for Enrollment of Wetland and Buffer Acreage in 
Conservation Reserve.--
            ``(1) Program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--During the 2002 through 2007 
                calendar years, the Secretary shall carry out a program 
                in each State under which the Secretary shall include 
                eligible acreage described in paragraph (2) in the 
                program established under this subchapter.
                    ``(B) Participation among states.-The Secretary 
                shall ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that 
                owners and operators in each State have an equitable 
                opportunity to participate in the pilot program 
                established under this subsection.
            ``(2) Eligible acreage.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraphs (B) 
                through (D), an owner or operator may enroll in the 
                conservation reserve under this subsection--
                          ``(i) a wetland (including a converted wetland 
                      described in section 1222(b)(1)(A)) that was 
                      cropped during at least 3 of the immediately 
                      preceding 10 crop years; and
                          ``(ii) buffer acreage that--
                                    ``(I) is contiguous to the wetland 
                                described in clause (i);
                                    ``(II) is used to protect the 
                                wetland; and
                                    ``(III) is of such width as the 
                                Secretary determines is necessary to 
                                protect the wetland, taking into 
                                consideration and accommodating the 
                                farming practices (including the 
                                straightening of boundaries to 
                                accommodate machinery) used with respect 
                                to the cropland that surrounds the 
                                wetland.

[[Page 116 STAT. 241]]

                    ``(B) Exclusions.--An owner or operator may not 
                enroll in the conservation reserve under this 
                subsection--
                          ``(i) any wetland, or land on a floodplain, 
                      that is, or is adjacent to, a perennial riverine 
                      system wetland identified on the final national 
                      wetland inventory map of the Secretary of the 
                      Interior; or
                          ``(ii) in the case of an area that is not 
                      covered by the final national inventory map, any 
                      wetland, or land on a floodplain, that is adjacent 
                      to a perennial stream identified on a 1-24,000 
                      scale map of the United States Geological Survey.
                    ``(C) Program limitations.--
                          ``(i) In general.--The Secretary may enroll in 
                      the conservation reserve under this subsection not 
                      more than--
                                    ``(I) 100,000 acres in any 1 State 
                                referred to in paragraph (1); and
                                    ``(II) not more than a total of 
                                1,000,000 acres.
                          ``(ii) Relationship to program maximum.--
                      Subject to clause (iii), for the purposes of 
                      subsection (d), any acreage enrolled in the 
                      conservation reserve under this subsection shall 
                      be considered acres maintained in the conservation 
                      reserve.
                          ``(iii) Relationship to other enrolled 
                      acreage.--Acreage enrolled under this subsection 
                      shall not affect for any fiscal year the quantity 
                      of--
                                    ``(I) acreage enrolled to establish 
                                conservation buffers as part of the 
                                program announced on March 24, 1998 (63 
                                Fed. Reg. 14109); or
                                    ``(II) acreage enrolled into the 
                                conservation reserve enhancement program 
                                announced on May 27, 1998 (63 Fed. Reg. 
                                28965).
                          ``(iv) Review; potential increase in 
                      enrollment acreage.--Not <<NOTE: Deadline.>> later 
                      than 3 years after the date of enactment of this 
                      clause, the Secretary shall--
                                    ``(I) conduct a review of the 
                                program under this subsection with 
                                respect to each State that has enrolled 
                                land in the program; and
                                    ``(II) notwithstanding clause 
                                (i)(I), increase the number of acres 
                                that may be enrolled by a State under 
                                clause (i)(I) to not more than 150,000 
                                acres, as determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(D) Owner or operator limitations.--
                          ``(i) Wetland.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--The maximum size 
                                of any wetland described in subparagraph 
                                (A)(i) of an owner or operator enrolled 
                                in the conservation reserve under this 
                                subsection shall be 10 contiguous acres, 
                                of which not more than 5 acres shall be 
                                eligible for payment.
                                    ``(II) Coverage.--All acres 
                                described in subclause (I) (including 
                                acres that are ineligible for payment) 
                                shall be covered by the conservation 
                                contract.
                          ``(ii) Buffer acreage.--The maximum size of 
                      any buffer acreage described in subparagraph 
                      (A)(ii) of an

[[Page 116 STAT. 242]]

                      owner or operator enrolled in the conservation 
                      reserve under this subsection shall be the greater 
                      of--
                                    ``(I) 3 times the size of any 
                                wetland described in subparagraph (A)(i) 
                                to which the buffer acreage is 
                                contiguous; or
                                    ``(II) 150 feet on either side of 
                                the wetland.
                          ``(iii) Tracts.--The maximum size of any 
                      eligible acreage described in subparagraph (A) in 
                      a tract (as determined by the Secretary) of an 
                      owner or operator enrolled in the conservation 
                      reserve under this subsection shall be 40 acres.
            ``(3) Duties of owners and operators.--Under a contract 
        entered into under this subsection, during the term of the 
        contract, an owner or operator of a farm or ranch shall agree--
                    ``(A) to restore the hydrology of the wetland within 
                the eligible acreage to the maximum extent practicable, 
                as determined by the Secretary;
                    ``(B) to establish vegetative cover (which may 
                include emerging vegetation in water) on the eligible 
                acreage, as determined by the Secretary; and
                    ``(C) to carry out other duties described in section 
                1232.
            ``(4) Duties of the secretary.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraphs (B) and (C), in return for a contract 
                entered into by an owner or operator under this 
                subsection, the Secretary shall make payments and 
                provide assistance to the owner or operator in 
                accordance with sections 1233 and 1234.
                    ``(B) Continuous signup.--The Secretary shall use 
                continuous signup under section 1234(c)(2)(B) to 
                determine the acceptability of contract offers and the 
                amount of rental payments under this subsection.
                    ``(C) Incentives.--The amounts payable to owners and 
                operators in the form of rental payments under contracts 
                entered into under this subsection shall reflect 
                incentives that are provided to owners and operators to 
                enroll filterstrips in the conservation reserve under 
                section 1234.

    ``(i) Eligibility for Consideration.--On the expiration of a 
contract entered into under this subchapter, the land subject to the 
contract shall be eligible to be considered for reenrollment in the 
conservation reserve.
    ``(j) Balance of Natural Resource Purposes.--In determining the 
acceptability of contract offers under this subchapter, the Secretary 
shall ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, an equitable balance 
among the conservation purposes of soil erosion, water quality, and 
wildlife habitat.

``SEC. 1232. DUTIES OF OWNERS AND OPERATORS.

    ``(a) In General.--Under <<NOTE: 16 USC 3832.>> the terms of a 
contract entered into under this subchapter, during the term of the 
contract, an owner or operator of a farm or ranch shall agree--
            ``(1) to implement a plan approved by the local conservation 
        district (or in an area not located within a conservation 
        district, a plan approved by the Secretary) for converting 
        eligible land normally devoted to the production of an 
        agricultural commodity on the farm or ranch to a less intensive 
        use (as defined by the Secretary), such as pasture, permanent 
        grass, legumes,

[[Page 116 STAT. 243]]

        forbs, shrubs, or trees, substantially in accordance with a 
        schedule outlined in the plan;
            ``(2) to place highly erodible cropland subject to the 
        contract in the conservation reserve established under this 
        subchapter;
            ``(3) not to use the land for agricultural purposes, except 
        as permitted by the Secretary;
            ``(4) to establish approved vegetative cover (which may 
        include emerging vegetation in water), water cover for the 
        enhancement of wildlife, or, where practicable, maintain 
        existing cover on the land, except that--
                    ``(A) the water cover shall not include ponds for 
                the purpose of watering livestock, irrigating crops, or 
                raising fish for commercial purposes; and
                    ``(B) the Secretary shall not terminate the contract 
                for failure to establish approved vegetative or water 
                cover on the land if--
                          ``(i) the failure to plant the cover was due 
                      to excessive rainfall or flooding;
                          ``(ii) the land subject to the contract that 
                      could practicably be planted to the cover is 
                      planted to the cover; and
                          ``(iii) the land on which the owner or 
                      operator was unable to plant the cover is planted 
                      to the cover after the wet conditions that 
                      prevented the planting subsides;
            ``(5) on a violation of a term or condition of the contract 
        at any time the owner or operator has control of the land--
                    ``(A) to forfeit all rights to receive rental 
                payments and cost sharing payments under the contract 
                and to refund to the Secretary any rental payments and 
                cost sharing payments received by the owner or operator 
                under the contract, together with interest on the 
                payments as determined by the Secretary, if the 
                Secretary, after considering the recommendations of the 
                soil conservation district and the Natural Resources 
                Conservation Service, determines that the violation is 
                of such nature as to warrant termination of the 
                contract; or
                    ``(B) to refund to the Secretary, or accept 
                adjustments to, the rental payments and cost sharing 
                payments provided to the owner or operator, as the 
                Secretary considers appropriate, if the Secretary 
                determines that the violation does not warrant 
                termination of the contract;
            ``(6) on the transfer of the right and interest of the owner 
        or operator in land subject to the contract--
                    ``(A) to forfeit all rights to rental payments and 
                cost sharing payments under the contract; and
                    ``(B) to refund to the United States all rental 
                payments and cost sharing payments received by the owner 
                or operator, or accept such payment adjustments or make 
                such refunds as the Secretary considers appropriate and 
                consistent with the objectives of this subchapter;
        unless the transferee of the land agrees with the Secretary to 
        assume all obligations of the contract, except that no refund of 
        rental payments and cost sharing payments shall be required if 
        the land is purchased by or for the United States Fish and 
        Wildlife Service, or the transferee and the Secretary agree

[[Page 116 STAT. 244]]

        to modifications to the contract, in a case in which the 
        modifications are consistent with the objectives of the program, 
        as determined by the Secretary;
            ``(7) not to conduct any harvesting or grazing, nor 
        otherwise make commercial use of the forage, on land that is 
        subject to the contract, nor adopt any similar practice 
        specified in the contract by the Secretary as a practice that 
        would tend to defeat the purposes of the contract, except that 
        the Secretary may permit, consistent with the conservation of 
        soil, water quality, and wildlife habitat (including habitat 
        during nesting seasons for birds in the area)--
                    ``(A) managed harvesting and grazing (including the 
                managed harvesting of biomass), except that in 
                permitting managed harvesting and grazing, the 
                Secretary--
                          ``(i) shall, in coordination with the State 
                      technical committee--
                                    ``(I) develop appropriate vegetation 
                                management requirements; and
                                    ``(II) identify periods during which 
                                harvesting and grazing under this 
                                paragraph may be conducted;
                          ``(ii) may permit harvesting and grazing or 
                      other commercial use of the forage on the land 
                      that is subject to the contract in response to a 
                      drought or other emergency; and
                          ``(iii) shall, in the case of routine managed 
                      harvesting or grazing or harvesting or grazing 
                      conducted in response to a drought or other 
                      emergency, reduce the rental payment otherwise 
                      payable under the contract by an amount 
                      commensurate with the economic value of the 
                      activity; and
                    ``(B) the installation of wind turbines, except that 
                in permitting the installation of wind turbines, the 
                Secretary shall determine the number and location of 
                wind turbines that may be installed, taking into 
                account--
                          ``(i) the location, size, and other physical 
                      characteristics of the land;
                          ``(ii) the extent to which the land contains 
                      wildlife and wildlife habitat; and
                          ``(iii) the purposes of the conservation 
                      reserve program under this subchapter;
            ``(8) not to conduct any planting of trees on land that is 
        subject to the contract unless the contract specifies that the 
        harvesting and commercial sale of trees such as Christmas trees 
        are prohibited, nor otherwise make commercial use of trees on 
        land that is subject to the contract unless it is expressly 
        permitted in the contract, nor adopt any similar practice 
        specified in the contract by the Secretary as a practice that 
        would tend to defeat the purposes of the contract, except that 
        no contract shall prohibit activities consistent with customary 
        forestry practice, such as pruning, thinning, or stand 
        improvement of trees, on land converted to forestry use;
            ``(9) not to adopt any practice specified by the Secretary 
        in the contract as a practice that would tend to defeat the 
        purposes of this subchapter; and
            ``(10) to comply with such additional provisions as the 
        Secretary determines are desirable and are included in the 
        contract

[[Page 116 STAT. 245]]

        to carry out this subchapter or to facilitate the practical 
        administration of this subchapter.

    ``(b) Conservation Plans.--The plan referred to in subsection 
(a)(1)--
            ``(1) shall set forth--
                    ``(A) the conservation measures and practices to be 
                carried out by the owner or operator during the term of 
                the contract; and
                    ``(B) the commercial use, if any, to be permitted on 
                the land during the term; and
            ``(2) may provide for the permanent retirement of any 
        existing cropland base and allotment history for the land.

    ``(c) Foreclosure.--
            ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, an owner or operator who is a party to a contract entered 
        into under this subchapter may not be required to make 
        repayments to the Secretary of amounts received under the 
        contract if the land that is subject to the contract has been 
        foreclosed on and the Secretary determines that forgiving the 
        repayments is appropriate in order to provide fair and equitable 
        treatment.
            ``(2) Resumption of control.--
                    ``(A) In general.--This subsection shall not void 
                the responsibilities of an owner or operator under the 
                contract if the owner or operator resumes control over 
                the land that is subject to the contract within the 
                period specified in the contract.
                    ``(B) Contract.--On the resumption of the control 
                over the land by the owner or operator, the provisions 
                of the contract in effect on the date of the foreclosure 
                shall apply.

``SEC. 1233. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3833.>>  DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY.

    ``In return for a contract entered into by an owner or operator 
under section 1232, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) share the cost of carrying out the conservation 
        measures and practices set forth in the contract for which the 
        Secretary determines that cost sharing is appropriate and in the 
        public interest; and
            ``(2) for a period of years not in excess of the term of the 
        contract, pay an annual rental payment in an amount necessary to 
        compensate for--
                    ``(A) the conversion of highly erodible cropland 
                normally devoted to the production of an agricultural 
                commodity on a farm or ranch to a less intensive use; 
                and
                    ``(B) the retirement of any cropland base and 
                allotment history that the owner or operator agrees to 
                retire permanently.

``SEC. 1234. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3834.>> PAYMENTS.

    ``(a) Timing.--The Secretary shall provide payment for obligations 
incurred by the Secretary under a contract entered into under this 
subchapter--
            ``(1) with respect to any cost-sharing payment obligation 
        incurred by the Secretary, as soon as practicable after the 
        obligation is incurred; and
            ``(2) with respect to any annual rental payment obligation 
        incurred by the Secretary--
                    ``(A) as soon as practicable after October 1 of each 
                calendar year; or

[[Page 116 STAT. 246]]

                    ``(B) at the option of the Secretary, at any time 
                prior to such date during the year that the obligation 
                is incurred.

    ``(b) Federal Percentage of Cost Sharing Payments.--
            ``(1) In general.--In making cost sharing payments to an 
        owner or operator under a contract entered into under this 
        subchapter, the Secretary shall pay 50 percent of the cost of 
        establishing water quality and conservation measures and 
        practices required under each contract for which the Secretary 
        determines that cost sharing is appropriate and in the public 
        interest.
            ``(2) Limitation.--The Secretary shall not make any payment 
        to an owner or operator under this subchapter to the extent that 
        the total amount of cost sharing payments provided to the owner 
        or operator from all sources would exceed 100 percent of the 
        total cost of establishing measures and practices described in 
        paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Hardwood trees, windbreaks, shelterbelts, and wildlife 
        corridors.--
                    ``(A) Applicability.--This paragraph applies to--
                          ``(i) land devoted to the production of 
                      hardwood trees, windbreaks, shelterbelts, or 
                      wildlife corridors under a contract entered into 
                      under this subchapter after November 28, 1990; and
                          ``(ii) land converted to such production under 
                      section 1235A.
                    ``(B) Payments.--In making cost share payments to an 
                owner or operator of land described in subparagraph (A), 
                the Secretary shall pay 50 percent of the reasonable and 
                necessary costs, as determined by the Secretary, 
                incurred by the owner or operator for maintaining trees 
                or shrubs, including the cost of replanting (if the 
                trees or shrubs were lost due to conditions beyond the 
                control of the owner or operator), during not less than 
                the 2-year, and not more than the 4-year, period 
                beginning on the date of the planting of the trees or 
                shrubs, as determined appropriate by the Secretary.
            ``(4) Hardwood tree planting.--The Secretary may permit 
        owners or operators that contract to devote at least 10 acres of 
        land to the production of hardwood trees under this subchapter 
        to extend the planting of the trees over a 3-year period if at 
        least \1/3\ of the trees are planted in each of the first 2 
        years.
            ``(5) Other federal cost share assistance.--An owner or 
        operator shall not be eligible to receive or retain cost share 
        assistance under this subsection if the owner or operator 
        receives any other Federal cost share assistance with respect to 
        the land under any other provision of law.

    ``(c) Annual Rental Payments.--
            ``(1) In general.--In determining the amount of annual 
        rental payments to be paid to owners and operators for 
        converting highly erodible cropland normally devoted to the 
        production of an agricultural commodity to less intensive use, 
        the Secretary may consider, among other things, the amount 
        necessary to encourage owners or operators of highly erodible 
        cropland to participate in the program established by this 
        subchapter.

[[Page 116 STAT. 247]]

            ``(2) Method of determination.--The amounts payable to 
        owners or operators in the form of rental payments under 
        contracts entered into under this subchapter may be determined 
        through--
                    ``(A) the submission of bids for such contracts by 
                owners and operators in such manner as the Secretary may 
                prescribe; or
                    ``(B) such other means as the Secretary determines 
                are appropriate.
            ``(3) Acceptance of contract offers.--In determining the 
        acceptability of contract offers, the Secretary may--
                    ``(A) take into consideration the extent to which 
                enrollment of the land that is the subject of the 
                contract offer would improve soil resources, water 
                quality, wildlife habitat, or provide other 
                environmental benefits; and
                    ``(B) establish different criteria in various States 
                and regions of the United States based on the extent to 
                which water quality or wildlife habitat may be improved 
                or erosion may be abated.
            ``(4) Hardwood tree acreage.--In the case of acreage 
        enrolled in the conservation reserve established under this 
        subchapter that is to be devoted to hardwood trees, the 
        Secretary may consider bids for contracts under this subsection 
        on a continuous basis.

    ``(d) Cash or In-Kind Payments.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in this 
        section, payments under this subchapter--
                    ``(A) shall be made in cash or in commodities in 
                such amount and on such time schedule as is agreed on 
                and specified in the contract; and
                    ``(B) may be made in advance of determination of 
                performance.
            ``(2) Method of providing in-kind payments.--If the payment 
        to an owner or operator is made with in-kind commodities, the 
        payment shall be made by the Commodity Credit Corporation--
                    ``(A) by delivery of the commodity involved to the 
                owner or operator at a warehouse or other similar 
                facility located in the county in which the highly 
                erodible cropland is located or at such other location 
                as is agreed to by the Secretary and the owner or 
                operator;
                    ``(B) by the transfer of negotiable warehouse 
                receipts; or
                    ``(C) by such other method, including the sale of 
                the commodity in commercial markets, as is determined by 
                the Secretary to be appropriate to enable the owner or 
                operator to receive efficient and expeditious possession 
                of the commodity.
            ``(3) Cash payments.--
                    ``(A) Commodity credit corporation stocks.--If 
                stocks of a commodity acquired by the Commodity Credit 
                Corporation are not readily available to make full 
                payment in kind to the owner or operator, the Secretary 
                may substitute full or partial payment in cash for 
                payment in kind.
                    ``(B) Special conservation reserve enhancement 
                program.--Payments to an owner or operator under a

[[Page 116 STAT. 248]]

                special conservation reserve enhancement program 
                described in subsection (f)(4) shall be in the form of 
                cash only.

    ``(e) Payments on Death, Disability, or Succession.--If an owner or 
operator that is entitled to a payment under a contract entered into 
under this subchapter dies, becomes incompetent, is otherwise unable to 
receive the payment, or is succeeded by another person that renders or 
completes the required performance, the Secretary shall make the 
payment, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary and 
without regard to any other provision of law, in such manner as the 
Secretary determines is fair and reasonable in light of all of the 
circumstances.
    ``(f) Payment Limitation for Rental Payments.--
            ``(1) In general.--The total amount of rental payments, 
        including rental payments made in the form of in-kind 
        commodities, made to a person under this subchapter for any 
        fiscal year may not exceed $50,000.
            ``(2) Regulations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall promulgate 
                regulations--
                          ``(i) defining the term `person' as used in 
                      this subsection; and
                          ``(ii) providing such terms and conditions as 
                      the Secretary determines necessary to ensure a 
                      fair and reasonable application of the limitation 
                      established by this subsection.
                    ``(B) Corporations and stockholders.--The 
                regulations promulgated by the Secretary on December 18, 
                1970, under section 101 of the Agricultural Act of 1970 
                (7 U.S.C. 1307), shall be used to determine whether 
                corporations and their stockholders may be considered as 
                separate persons under this subsection.
            ``(3) Other payments.--Rental payments received by an owner 
        or operator shall be in addition to, and not affect, the total 
        amount of payments that the owner or operator is otherwise 
        eligible to receive under the Farm Security and Rural Investment 
        Act of 2002.
            ``(4) Special conservation reserve enhancement program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The provisions of this subsection 
                that limit payments to any person, and section 1305(d) 
                of the Agricultural Reconciliation Act of 1987 (7 U.S.C. 
                1308 note; Public Law 100-203), shall not be applicable 
                to payments received by a State, political subdivision, 
                or agency thereof in connection with agreements entered 
                into under a special conservation reserve enhancement 
                program carried out by that entity that has been 
                approved by the Secretary.
                    ``(B) Agreements.--The Secretary may enter into such 
                agreements for payments to States (including political 
                subdivisions and agencies of States) that the Secretary 
                determines will advance the purposes of this subchapter.

    ``(g) Other State or Local Assistance.--In addition to any payment 
under this subchapter, an owner or operator may receive cost share 
assistance, rental payments, or tax benefits from a State or subdivision 
thereof for enrolling land in the conservation reserve program.

[[Page 116 STAT. 249]]

``SEC. 1235. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3835.>>  CONTRACTS.

    ``(a) Ownership or Operation Requirements.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), no 
        contract shall be entered into under this subchapter concerning 
        land with respect to which the ownership has changed in the 1-
        year period preceding the first year of the contract period 
        unless--
                    ``(A) the new ownership was acquired by will or 
                succession as a result of the death of the previous 
                owner;
                    ``(B) the new ownership was acquired before January 
                1, 1985;
                    ``(C) the Secretary determines that the land was 
                acquired under circumstances that give adequate 
                assurance that the land was not acquired for the purpose 
                of placing the land in the program established by this 
                subchapter; or
                    ``(D) the ownership change occurred due to 
                foreclosure on the land and the owner of the land 
                immediately before the foreclosure exercises a right of 
                redemption from the mortgage holder in accordance with 
                State law.
            ``(2) Exceptions.--Paragraph (1) shall not--
                    ``(A) prohibit the continuation of an agreement by a 
                new owner after an agreement has been entered into under 
                this subchapter; or
                    ``(B) require a person to own the land as a 
                condition of eligibility for entering into the contract 
                if the person--
                          ``(i) has operated the land to be covered by a 
                      contract under this section for at least 1 year 
                      preceding the date of the contract or since 
                      January 1, 1985, whichever is later; and
                          ``(ii) controls the land for the contract 
                      period.

    ``(b) Sales or Transfers.--If, during the term of a contract entered 
into under this subchapter, an owner or operator of land subject to the 
contract sells or otherwise transfers the ownership or right of 
occupancy of the land, the new owner or operator of the land may--
            ``(1) continue the contract under the same terms or 
        conditions;
            ``(2) enter into a new contract in accordance with this 
        subchapter; or
            ``(3) elect not to participate in the program established by 
        this subchapter.

    ``(c) Modifications.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may modify a contract 
        entered into with an owner or operator under this subchapter 
        if--
                    ``(A) the owner or operator agrees to the 
                modification; and
                    ``(B) the Secretary determines that the modification 
                is desirable--
                          ``(i) to carry out this subchapter;
                          ``(ii) to facilitate the practical 
                      administration of this subchapter; or
                          ``(iii) to achieve such other goals as the 
                      Secretary determines are appropriate, consistent 
                      with this subchapter.

[[Page 116 STAT. 250]]

            ``(2) Production of agricultural commodities.--The Secretary 
        may modify or waive a term or condition of a contract entered 
        into under this subchapter in order to permit all or part of the 
        land subject to such contract to be devoted to the production of 
        an agricultural commodity during a crop year, subject to such 
        conditions as the Secretary determines are appropriate.

    ``(d) Termination.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may terminate a contract 
        entered into with an owner or operator under this subchapter 
        if--
                    ``(A) the owner or operator agrees to the 
                termination; and
                    ``(B) the Secretary determines that the termination 
                would be in the public interest.
            ``(2) Notice to congressional committees.--At least 90 days 
        before taking any action to terminate under paragraph (1) all 
        conservation reserve contracts entered into under this 
        subchapter, the Secretary shall provide to the Committee on 
        Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate written 
        notice of the action.

    ``(e) Early Termination by Owner or Operator.--
            ``(1) Early termination.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall allow a 
                participant that entered into a contract under this 
                subchapter before January 1, 1995, to terminate the 
                contract at any time if the contract has been in effect 
                for at least 5 years.
                    ``(B) Liability for contract violation.--The 
                termination shall not relieve the participant of 
                liability for a contract violation occurring before the 
                date of the termination.
                    ``(C) Notice to secretary.--The participant shall 
                provide the Secretary with reasonable notice of the 
                desire of the participant to terminate the contract.
            ``(2) Certain land excepted.--The following land shall not 
        be subject to an early termination of contract under this 
        subsection:
                    ``(A) Filterstrips, waterways, strips adjacent to 
                riparian areas, windbreaks, and shelterbelts.
                    ``(B) Land with an erodibility index of more than 
                15.
                    ``(C) Other land of high environmental value 
                (including wetland), as determined by the Secretary.
            ``(3) Effective date.--The contract termination shall become 
        effective 60 days after the date on which the owner or operator 
        submits the notice required under paragraph (1)(C).
            ``(4) Prorated rental payment.--If a contract entered into 
        under this subchapter is terminated under this subsection before 
        the end of the fiscal year for which a rental payment is due, 
        the Secretary shall provide a prorated rental payment covering 
        the portion of the fiscal year during which the contract was in 
        effect.
            ``(5) Renewed enrollment.--The termination of a contract 
        entered into under this subchapter shall not affect the ability 
        of the owner or operator that requested the termination to 
        submit a subsequent bid to enroll the land that was subject to 
        the contract into the conservation reserve.

[[Page 116 STAT. 251]]

            ``(6) Conservation requirements.--If land that was subject 
        to a contract is returned to production of an agricultural 
        commodity, the conservation requirements under subtitles B and C 
        shall apply to the use of the land to the extent that the 
        requirements are similar to those requirements imposed on other 
        similar land in the area, except that the requirements may not 
        be more onerous than the requirements imposed on other land.

``SEC. 1235A. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3835a.>>  CONVERSION OF LAND SUBJECT TO 
            CONTRACT TO OTHER CONSERVING USES.

    ``(a) Conversion to Trees.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall permit an owner or 
        operator that has entered into a contract under this subchapter 
        that is in effect on November 28, 1990, to convert areas of 
        highly erodible cropland that are subject to the contract, and 
        that are devoted to vegetative cover, from that use to hardwood 
        trees, windbreaks, shelterbelts, or wildlife corridors.
            ``(2) Terms.--
                    ``(A) Extension of contract.--With respect to a 
                contract that is modified under this section that 
                provides for the planting of hardwood trees, windbreaks, 
                shelterbelts, or wildlife corridors, if the original 
                term of the contract was less than 15 years, the owner 
                or operator may extend the contract to a term of not to 
                exceed 15 years.
                    ``(B) Cost share assistance.--The Secretary shall 
                pay 50 percent of the cost of establishing conservation 
                measures and practices authorized under this subsection 
                for which the Secretary determines the cost sharing is 
                appropriate and in the public interest.

    ``(b) Conversion to Wetland.--The Secretary shall permit an owner or 
operator that has entered into a contract under this subchapter that is 
in effect on November 28, 1990, to restore areas of highly erodible 
cropland that are devoted to vegetative cover under the contract to 
wetland if--
            ``(1) the areas are prior converted wetland;
            ``(2) the owner or operator of the areas enters into an 
        agreement to provide the Secretary with a long-term or permanent 
        easement under subchapter C covering the areas;
            ``(3) there is a high probability that the prior converted 
        area can be successfully restored to wetland status; and
            ``(4) the restoration of the areas otherwise meets the 
        requirements of subchapter C.

    ``(c) Limitation.--The Secretary shall not incur, through a 
conversion under this section, any additional expense on the acres, 
including the expense involved in the original establishment of the 
vegetative cover, that would result in cost share for costs under this 
section in excess of the costs that would have been subject to cost 
share for the new practice had that practice been the original practice.
    ``(d) Condition of Contract.--An owner or operator shall as a 
condition of entering into a contract under subsection (a) participate 
in the Forest Stewardship Program established under section 5 of the 
Cooperative Forestry Assistance Act of 1978 (16 U.S.C. 2103a).''.

[[Page 116 STAT. 252]]

    (b) Study <<NOTE: 16 USC 3831 note.>> on Economic Effects.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall submit 
        to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the 
        Senate a report that describes the economic and social effects 
        on rural communities resulting from the conservation reserve 
        program established under subchapter B of chapter 1 of subtitle 
        D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3831 
        et seq.).
            (2) Components.--The study under paragraph (1) shall include 
        analyses of--
                    (A) the impact that enrollments in the conservation 
                reserve program have on rural businesses, civic 
                organizations, and community services (such as schools, 
                public safety, and infrastructure), particularly in 
                communities with a large percentage of whole farm 
                enrollments;
                    (B) the effect that those enrollments have on rural 
                population and beginning farmers (including a 
                description of any connection between the rate of 
                enrollment and the incidence of absentee ownership);
                    (C)(i) the manner in which differential per acre 
                payment rates potentially impact the types of land (by 
                productivity) enrolled;
                    (ii) changes to the per acre payment rates that may 
                affect that impact; and
                    (iii) the manner in which differential per acre 
                payment rates could facilitate retention of productive 
                agricultural land in agriculture; and
                    (D) the effect of enrollment on opportunities for 
                recreational activities (including hunting and fishing).
				

                  Subtitle C--Wetlands Reserve Program

SEC. 2201. REAUTHORIZATION.

    Section 1237(c) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3837(c)) 
is amended by striking ``2002'' and inserting ``2007''.

SEC. 2202. ENROLLMENT.

    Section 1237 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3837) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:

    ``(b) Enrollment Conditions.--
            ``(1) Maximum enrollment.--The total number of acres 
        enrolled in the wetlands reserve program shall not exceed 
        2,275,000 acres, of which, to the maximum extent practicable, 
        the Secretary shall enroll 250,000 acres in each calendar year.
            ``(2) Methods of enrollment.--The Secretary shall enroll 
        acreage into the wetlands reserve program through the use of 
        permanent easements, 30-year easements, restoration cost share 
        agreements, or any combination of those options.''; and
            (2) by striking subsection (g).

SEC. 2203. EASEMENTS AND AGREEMENTS.

    Section 1237A of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3837a) is 
amended by striking subsection (h).

[[Page 116 STAT. 253]]

SEC. 2204. CHANGES IN OWNERSHIP; AGREEMENT MODIFICATION; TERMINATION.

    Section 1237E(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 
3837e(a)) is amended by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the 
following:
            ``(2)(A) the ownership change occurred because of 
        foreclosure on the land; and
            ``(B) immediately before the foreclosure, the owner of the 
        land exercises a right of redemption from the mortgage holder in 
        accordance with State law; or''.

              Subtitle D--Environmental Quality Incentives

			  
SEC. 2301. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INCENTIVES PROGRAM.

    Chapter 4 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 
1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839aa et seq.) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 1240. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839aa.>>  PURPOSES.

    ``The purposes of the environmental quality incentives program 
established by this chapter are to promote agricultural production and 
environmental quality as compatible goals, and to optimize environmental 
benefits, by--
            ``(1) assisting producers in complying with local, State, 
        and national regulatory requirements concerning--
                    ``(A) soil, water, and air quality;
                    ``(B) wildlife habitat; and
                    ``(C) surface and ground water conservation;
            ``(2) avoiding, to the maximum extent practicable, the need 
        for resource and regulatory programs by assisting producers in 
        protecting soil, water, air, and related natural resources and 
        meeting environmental quality criteria established by Federal, 
        State, tribal, and local agencies;
            ``(3) providing flexible assistance to producers to install 
        and maintain conservation practices that enhance soil, water, 
        related natural resources (including grazing land and wetland), 
        and wildlife while sustaining production of food and fiber;
            ``(4) assisting producers to make beneficial, cost effective 
        changes to cropping systems, grazing management, nutrient 
        management associated with livestock, pest or irrigation 
        management, or other practices on agricultural land; and
            ``(5) consolidating and streamlining conservation planning 
        and regulatory compliance processes to reduce administrative 
        burdens on producers and the cost of achieving environmental 
        goals.

``SEC. 1240A. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839aa-1.>> DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this chapter:
            ``(1) Beginning farmer or rancher.--The term `beginning 
        farmer or rancher' has the meaning provided under section 343(a) 
        of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 
        1999(a)).
            ``(2) Eligible land.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `eligible land' means 
                land on which agricultural commodities or livestock are 
                produced.

[[Page 116 STAT. 254]]

                    ``(B) Inclusions.--The term `eligible land' 
                includes--
                          ``(i) cropland;
                          ``(ii) grassland;
                          ``(iii) rangeland;
                          ``(iv) pasture land;
                          ``(v) private, nonindustrial forest land; and
                          ``(vi) other agricultural land that the 
                      Secretary determines poses a serious threat to 
                      soil, air, water, or related resources.
            ``(3) Land management practice.--The term `land management 
        practice' means a site-specific nutrient or manure management, 
        integrated pest management, irrigation management, tillage or 
        residue management, grazing management, air quality management, 
        or other land management practice carried out on eligible land 
        that the Secretary determines is needed to protect from 
        degradation, in the most cost-effective manner, water, soil, or 
        related resources.
            ``(4) Livestock.--The term `livestock' means dairy cattle, 
        beef cattle, laying hens, broilers, turkeys, swine, sheep, and 
        other such animals as are determined by the Secretary.
            ``(5) Practice.--The term `practice' means 1 or more 
        structural practices, land management practices, and 
        comprehensive nutrient management planning practices.
            ``(6) Structural practice.--The term `structural practice' 
        means--
                    ``(A) the establishment on eligible land of a site-
                specific animal waste management facility, terrace, 
                grassed waterway, contour grass strip, filterstrip, 
                tailwater pit, permanent wildlife habitat, constructed 
                wetland, or other structural practice that the Secretary 
                determines is needed to protect, in the most cost 
                effective manner, water, soil, or related resources from 
                degradation; and
                    ``(B) the capping of abandoned wells on eligible 
                land.

``SEC. 1240B. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839aa-2.>>  ESTABLISHMENT AND 
            ADMINISTRATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INCENTIVES PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Establishment.--
            ``(1) In general.--During each of the 2002 through 2007 
        fiscal years, the Secretary shall provide cost-share payments 
        and incentive payments to producers that enter into contracts 
        with the Secretary under the program.
            ``(2) Eligible practices.--With respect to practices 
        implemented under this chapter--
                    ``(A) a producer that implements a structural 
                practice in accordance with this chapter shall be 
                eligible to receive cost-share payments; and
                    ``(B) a producer that implements a land management 
                practice, or develops a comprehensive nutrient 
                management plan, in accordance with this chapter shall 
                be eligible to receive incentive payments.

    ``(b) Practices and Term.--
            ``(1) Practices.--A contract under this chapter may apply to 
        1 or more structural practices, land management practices, and 
        comprehensive nutrient management practices.
            ``(2) Term.--A contract under this chapter shall have a term 
        that--

[[Page 116 STAT. 255]]

                    ``(A) at a minimum, is equal to the period beginning 
                on the date on which the contract is entered into and 
                ending on the date that is 1 year after the date on 
                which all practices under the contract have been 
                implemented; but
                    ``(B) not to exceed 10 years.

    ``(c) Bidding Down.--If the Secretary determines that the 
environmental values of 2 or more applications for cost-share payments 
or incentive payments are comparable, the Secretary shall not assign a 
higher priority to the application only because it would present the 
least cost to the program established under the program.
    ``(d) Cost-Share Payments.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        cost-share payments provided to a producer proposing to 
        implement 1 or more practices under the program shall be not 
        more than 75 percent of the cost of the practice, as determined 
        by the Secretary.
            ``(2) Exceptions.--
                    ``(A) Limited resource and beginning farmers.--The 
                Secretary may increase the amount provided to a producer 
                under paragraph (1) to not more than 90 percent if the 
                producer is a limited resource or beginning farmer or 
                rancher, as determined by the Secretary.
                    ``(B) Cost-share assistance from other sources.--
                Except as provided in paragraph (3), any cost-share 
                payments received by a producer from a State or private 
                organization or person for the implementation of 1 or 
                more practices on eligible land of the producer shall be 
                in addition to the payments provided to the producer 
                under paragraph (1).
            ``(3) Other payments.--A producer shall not be eligible for 
        cost-share payments for practices on eligible land under the 
        program if the producer receives cost-share payments or other 
        benefits for the same practice on the same land under chapter 1 
        and the program.

    ``(e) Incentive Payments.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall make incentive 
        payments in an amount and at a rate determined by the Secretary 
        to be necessary to encourage a producer to perform 1 or more 
        land management practices.
            ``(2) Special rule.--In determining the amount and rate of 
        incentive payments, the Secretary may accord great significance 
        to a practice that promotes residue, nutrient, pest, invasive 
        species, or air quality management.

    ``(f) Modification or Termination of Contracts.--
            ``(1) Voluntary modification or termination.--The Secretary 
        may modify or terminate a contract entered into with a producer 
        under this chapter if--
                    ``(A) the producer agrees to the modification or 
                termination; and
                    ``(B) the Secretary determines that the modification 
                or termination is in the public interest.
            ``(2) Involuntary termination.--The Secretary may terminate 
        a contract under this chapter if the Secretary determines that 
        the producer violated the contract.

[[Page 116 STAT. 256]]

    ``(g) Allocation of Funding.--For each of fiscal years 2002 through 
2007, 60 percent of the funds made available for cost-share payments and 
incentive payments under this chapter shall be targeted at practices 
relating to livestock production.

``SEC. 1240C. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839aa-3.>>  EVALUATION OF OFFERS AND 
            PAYMENTS.

    ``In evaluating applications for cost-share payments and incentive 
payments, the Secretary shall accord a higher priority to assistance and 
payments that--
            ``(1) encourage the use by producers of cost-effective 
        conservation practices; and
            ``(2) address national conservation priorities.

``SEC. 1240D. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839aa-4.>> DUTIES OF PRODUCERS.

    ``To receive technical assistance, cost-share payments, or incentive 
payments under the program, a producer shall agree--
            ``(1) to implement an environmental quality incentives 
        program plan (including a comprehensive nutrient management 
        plan, if applicable) that describes conservation and 
        environmental purposes to be achieved through 1 or more 
        practices that are approved by the Secretary;
            ``(2) not to conduct any practices on the farm or ranch that 
        would tend to defeat the purposes of the program;
            ``(3) on the violation of a term or condition of the 
        contract at anytime the producer has control of the land--
                    ``(A) if the Secretary determines that the violation 
                warrants termination of the contract--
                          ``(i) to forfeit all rights to receive 
                      payments under the contract; and
                          ``(ii) to refund to the Secretary all or a 
                      portion of the payments received by the owner or 
                      operator under the contract, including any 
                      interest on the payments, as determined by the 
                      Secretary; or
                    ``(B) if the Secretary determines that the violation 
                does not warrant termination of the contract, to refund 
                to the Secretary, or accept adjustments to, the payments 
                provided to the owner or operator, as the Secretary 
                determines to be appropriate;
            ``(4) on the transfer of the right and interest of the 
        producer in land subject to the contract, unless the transferee 
        of the right and interest agrees with the Secretary to assume 
        all obligations of the contract, to refund all cost-share 
        payments and incentive payments received under the program, as 
        determined by the Secretary;
            ``(5) to supply information as required by the Secretary to 
        determine compliance with the program plan and requirements of 
        the program; and
            ``(6) to comply with such additional provisions as the 
        Secretary determines are necessary to carry out the program 
        plan.

``SEC. 1240E. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839aa-5.>> ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 
            INCENTIVES PROGRAM PLAN.

    ``(a) In General.--To be eligible to receive cost-share payments or 
incentive payments under the program, a producer shall submit to the 
Secretary for approval a plan of operations that--
            ``(1) specifies practices covered under the program;
            ``(2) includes such terms and conditions as the Secretary 
        considers necessary to carry out the program, including a

[[Page 116 STAT. 257]]

        description of the purposes to be met by the implementation of 
        the plan; and
            ``(3) in the case of a confined livestock feeding operation, 
        provides for development and implementation of a comprehensive 
        nutrient management plan, if applicable.

    ``(b) Avoidance of Duplication.--The Secretary shall, to the maximum 
extent practicable, eliminate duplication of planning activities under 
the program under this chapter and comparable conservation programs.

``SEC. 1240F. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839aa-6.>> DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY.

    ``To the extent appropriate, the Secretary shall assist a producer 
in achieving the conservation and environmental goals of a program plan 
by--
            ``(1) providing cost-share payments or incentive payments 
        for developing and implementing 1 or more practices, as 
        appropriate; and
            ``(2) providing the producer with information and training 
        to aid in implementation of the plan.

``SEC. 1240G. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839aa-7.>> LIMITATION ON PAYMENTS.

    ``An individual or entity may not receive, directly or indirectly, 
cost-share or incentive payments under this chapter that, in the 
aggregate, exceed $450,000 for all contracts entered into under this 
chapter by the individual or entity during the period of fiscal years 
2002 through 2007, regardless of the number of contracts entered into 
under this chapter by the individual or entity.

``SEC. 1240H. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839aa-8.>> CONSERVATION INNOVATION GRANTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may pay the cost of competitive 
grants that are intended to stimulate innovative approaches to 
leveraging Federal investment in environmental enhancement and 
protection, in conjunction with agricultural production, through the 
program.
    ``(b) Use.--The Secretary may provide grants under this section to 
governmental and nongovernmental organizations and persons, on a 
competitive basis, to carry out projects that--
            ``(1) involve producers that are eligible for payments or 
        technical assistance under the program;
            ``(2) implement projects, such as--
                    ``(A) market systems for pollution reduction; and
                    ``(B) innovative conservation practices, including 
                the storing of carbon in the soil; and
            ``(3) leverage funds made available to carry out the program 
        under this chapter with matching funds provided by State and 
        local governments and private organizations to promote 
        environmental enhancement and protection in conjunction with 
        agricultural production.

    ``(c) Cost Share.--The amount of a grant made under this section to 
carry out a project shall not exceed 50 percent of the cost of the 
project.

``SEC. 1240I. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839aa-9.>> GROUND AND SURFACE WATER 
            CONSERVATION.

    ``(a) Establishment.--In carrying out the program under this 
chapter, subject to subsection (b), the Secretary shall promote ground 
and surface water conservation by providing cost-share payments, 
incentive payments, and loans to producers to carry out

[[Page 116 STAT. 258]]

eligible water conservation activities with respect to the agricultural 
operations of producers, to--
            ``(1) improve irrigation systems;
            ``(2) enhance irrigation efficiencies;
            ``(3) convert to--
                    ``(A) the production of less water-intensive 
                agricultural commodities; or
                    ``(B) dryland farming;
            ``(4) improve the storage of water through measures such as 
        water banking and groundwater recharge;
            ``(5) mitigate the effects of drought; or
            ``(6) institute other measures that improve groundwater and 
        surface water conservation, as determined by the Secretary, in 
        the agricultural operations of producers.

    ``(b) Net Savings.--The Secretary may provide assistance to a 
producer under this section only if the Secretary determines that the 
assistance will facilitate a conservation measure that results in a net 
savings in groundwater or surface water resources in the agricultural 
operation of the producer.
    ``(c) Funding.--Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, in 
addition to amounts made available under section 1241(a)(6) to carry out 
this chapter, the Secretary shall use--
            ``(1) to carry out this section--
                    ``(A) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2002;
                    ``(B) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2003; and
                    ``(C) $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2004 
                through 2007; and
            ``(2) $50,000,000 to carry out water conservation activities 
        in Klamath Basin, California and Oregon, to be made available as 
        soon as practicable after the date of enactment of this 
        section.''.

	
                      Subtitle E--Grassland Reserve

SEC. 2401. GRASSLAND RESERVE PROGRAM.

    Chapter 2 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (as amended by section 
2001) is amended by adding at the end the following:

                ``Subchapter C--Grassland Reserve Program

``SEC. 1238N. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838n.>> GRASSLAND RESERVE PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish a grassland 
reserve program (referred to in this subchapter as the `program') to 
assist owners in restoring and conserving eligible land described in 
subsection (c).
    ``(b) Enrollment Conditions.--
            ``(1) Maximum enrollment.--The total number of acres 
        enrolled in the program shall not exceed 2,000,000 acres of 
        restored or improved grassland, rangeland, and pastureland.
            ``(2) Methods of enrollment.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall enroll in the 
                program from a willing owner not less than 40 contiguous 
                acres of land through the use of--
                          ``(i) a 10-year, 15-year, or 20-year rental 
                      agreement;

[[Page 116 STAT. 259]]

                          ``(ii)(I) a 30-year rental agreement or 
                      permanent or 30-year easement; or
                          ``(II) in a State that imposes a maximum 
                      duration for easements, an easement for the 
                      maximum duration allowed under State law.
                    ``(B) Waiver.--The Secretary may enroll in the 
                program such parcels of land that are less than 40 acres 
                as the Secretary determines are appropriate to achieve 
                the purposes of the program.
            ``(3) Limitation on use of easements and rental 
        agreements.--Of the total amount of funds expended under the 
        program to acquire easements and rental agreements described in 
        paragraph (2)(A)--
                    ``(A) not more than 40 percent shall be used for 
                rental agreements described in paragraph (2)(A)(i); and
                    ``(B) not more than 60 percent shall be used for 
                easements and rental agreements described in paragraph 
                (2)(A)(ii).

    ``(c) Eligible Land.--Land shall be eligible to be enrolled in the 
program if the Secretary determines that the land is private land that 
is--
            ``(1) grassland, land that contains forbs, or shrubland 
        (including improved rangeland and pastureland); or
            ``(2) land that--
                    ``(A) is located in an area that has been 
                historically dominated by grassland, forbs, or 
                shrubland; and
                    ``(B) has potential to serve as habitat for animal 
                or plant populations of significant ecological value if 
                the land is--
                          ``(i) retained in the current use of the land; 
                      or
                          ``(ii) restored to a natural condition; or
            ``(3) land that is incidental to land described in paragraph 
        (1) or (2), if the incidental land is determined by the 
        Secretary to be necessary for the efficient administration of an 
        agreement or easement.

``SEC. 1238O. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838o.>>  REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO 
            EASEMENTS AND AGREEMENTS.

    ``(a) Requirements of Landowner.--
            ``(1) In general.--To be eligible to enroll land in the 
        program through the grant of an easement, the owner of the land 
        shall enter into an agreement with the Secretary--
                    ``(A) to grant an easement that applies to the land 
                to the Secretary;
                    ``(B) to create and record an appropriate deed 
                restriction in accordance with applicable State law to 
                reflect the easement;
                    ``(C) to provide a written statement of consent to 
                the easement signed by persons holding a security 
                interest or any vested interest in the land;
                    ``(D) to provide proof of unencumbered title to the 
                underlying fee interest in the land that is the subject 
                of the easement; and
                    ``(E) to comply with the terms of the easement and 
                restoration agreement.

[[Page 116 STAT. 260]]

            ``(2) Agreements.--To be eligible to enroll land in the 
        program under an agreement, the owner or operator of the land 
        shall agree--
                    ``(A) to comply with the terms of the agreement 
                (including any related restoration agreements); and
                    ``(B) to the suspension of any existing cropland 
                base and allotment history for the land under a program 
                administered by the Secretary.

    ``(b) Terms of Easement or Rental Agreement.--An easement or rental 
agreement under subsection (a) shall--
            ``(1) permit--
                    ``(A) common grazing practices, including 
                maintenance and necessary cultural practices, on the 
                land in a manner that is consistent with maintaining the 
                viability of grassland, forb, and shrub species common 
                to that locality;
                    ``(B) subject to appropriate restrictions during the 
                nesting season for birds in the local area that are in 
                significant decline or are conserved in accordance with 
                Federal or State law, as determined by the Natural 
                Resources Conservation Service State conservationist, 
                haying, mowing, or harvesting for seed production; and
                    ``(C) fire rehabilitation and construction of fire 
                breaks and fences (including placement of the posts 
                necessary for fences);
            ``(2) prohibit--
                    ``(A) the production of crops (other than hay), 
                fruit trees, vineyards, or any other agricultural 
                commodity that requires breaking the soil surface; and
                    ``(B) except as permitted under this subsection or 
                subsection (d), the conduct of any other activity that 
                would disturb the surface of the land covered by the 
                easement or rental agreement; and
            ``(3) include such additional provisions as the Secretary 
        determines are appropriate to carry out or facilitate the 
        administration of this subchapter.

    ``(c) Evaluation and Ranking of Easement and Rental Agreement 
Applications.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish criteria to 
        evaluate and rank applications for easements and rental 
        agreements under this subchapter.
            ``(2) Considerations.--In establishing the criteria, the 
        Secretary shall emphasize support for--
                    ``(A) grazing operations;
                    ``(B) plant and animal biodiversity; and
                    ``(C) grassland, land that contains forbs, and 
                shrubland under the greatest threat of conversion.

    ``(d) Restoration Agreements.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall prescribe the terms 
        of a restoration agreement by which grassland, land that 
        contains forbs, or shrubland that is subject to an easement or 
        rental agreement entered into under the program shall be 
        restored.
            ``(2) Requirements.--The restoration agreement shall 
        describe the respective duties of the owner and the Secretary 
        (including the Federal share of restoration payments and 
        technical assistance).

[[Page 116 STAT. 261]]

    ``(e) Violations.--On a violation of the terms or conditions of an 
easement, rental agreement, or restoration agreement entered into under 
this section--
            ``(1) the easement or rental agreement shall remain in 
        force; and
            ``(2) the Secretary may require the owner to refund all or 
        part of any payments received by the owner under this 
        subchapter, with interest on the payments as determined 
        appropriate by the Secretary.

``SEC. 1238P. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838p.>>  DUTIES OF SECRETARY.

    ``(a) In general.--In return for the granting of an easement, or the 
execution of a rental agreement, by an owner under this subchapter, the 
Secretary shall, in accordance with this section--
            ``(1) make easement or rental agreement payments to the 
        owner in accordance with subsection (b); and
            ``(2) make payments to the owner for the Federal share of 
        the cost of restoration in accordance with subsection (c).

    ``(b) Payments.--
            ``(1) Easement payments.--
                    ``(A) Amount.--In return for the granting of an 
                easement by an owner under this subchapter, the 
                Secretary shall make easement payments to the owner in 
                an amount equal to--
                          ``(i) in the case of a permanent easement, the 
                      fair market value of the land less the grazing 
                      value of the land encumbered by the easement; and
                          ``(ii) in the case of a 30-year easement or an 
                      easement for the maximum duration allowed under 
                      applicable State law, 30 percent of the fair 
                      market value of the land less the grazing value of 
                      the land for the period during which the land is 
                      encumbered by the easement.
                    ``(B) Schedule.--Easement payments may be provided 
                in not less than 1 payment nor more than 10 annual 
                payments of equal or unequal amount, as agreed to by the 
                Secretary and the owner.
            ``(2) Rental agreement payments.--In return for entering 
        into a rental agreement by an owner under this subchapter, the 
        Secretary shall make annual payments to the owner during the 
        term of the rental agreement in an amount that is not more than 
        75 percent of the grazing value of the land covered by the 
        contract.

    ``(c) Federal Share of Restoration.--The Secretary shall make 
payments to an owner under this section of not more than--
            ``(1) in the case of grassland, land that contains forbs, or 
        shrubland that has never been cultivated, 90 percent of the 
        costs of carrying out measures and practices necessary to 
        restore functions and values of that land; or
            ``(2) in the case of restored grassland, land that contains 
        forbs, or shrubland, 75 percent of those costs.

    ``(d) Payments to Others.--If an owner that is entitled to a payment 
under this subchapter dies, becomes incompetent, is otherwise unable to 
receive the payment, or is succeeded by another person who renders or 
completes the required performance, the Secretary shall make the 
payment, in accordance with regulations promulgated by the Secretary and 
without regard to any other

[[Page 116 STAT. 262]]

provision of law, in such manner as the Secretary determines is fair and 
reasonable in light of all the circumstances.

``SEC. 1238Q. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838q.>>  DELEGATION TO PRIVATE 
            ORGANIZATIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may permit a private conservation 
or land trust organization (referred to in this section as a `private 
organization') or a State agency to hold and enforce an easement under 
this subchapter, in lieu of the Secretary, subject to the right of the 
Secretary to conduct periodic inspections and enforce the easement, if--
            ``(1) the Secretary determines that granting the permission 
        will promote protection of grassland, land that contains forbs, 
        and shrubland;
            ``(2) the owner authorizes the private organization or State 
        agency to hold and enforce the easement; and
            ``(3) the private organization or State agency agrees to 
        assume the costs incurred in administering and enforcing the 
        easement, including the costs of restoration or rehabilitation 
        of the land as specified by the owner and the private 
        organization or State agency.

    ``(b) Application.--A private organization or State agency that 
seeks to hold and enforce an easement under this subchapter shall apply 
to the Secretary for approval.
    ``(c) Approval by Secretary.--The Secretary may approve a private 
organization to hold and enforce an easement under this subchapter if 
(as determined by the Secretary) the private organization--
            ``(1)(A) is an organization described in section 501(c)(3) 
        of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 that is exempt from 
        taxation under section 501(a) of that Code; or
            ``(B) is described in section 509(a)(3), and is controlled 
        by an organization described in section 509(a)(2), of that Code;
            ``(2) has the relevant experience necessary to administer 
        grassland and shrubland easements;
            ``(3) has a charter that describes the commitment of the 
        private organization to conserving ranchland, agricultural land, 
        or grassland for grazing and conservation purposes; and
            ``(4) has the resources necessary to effectuate the purposes 
        of the charter.

    ``(d) Reassignment.--
            ``(1) In general.--If a private organization holding an 
        easement on land under this subchapter terminates, not later 
        than 30 days after termination of the private organization, the 
        owner of the land shall reassign the easement to--
                    ``(A) a new private organization that is approved by 
                the Secretary; or
                    ``(B) the Secretary.
            ``(2) Notification of secretary.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If <<NOTE: Deadline.>> the 
                easement is reassigned to a new private organization, 
                not later than 60 days after the date of reassignment, 
                the owner and the new organization shall notify the 
                Secretary in writing that a reassignment for termination 
                has been made.
                    ``(B) Failure to notify.--If the owner and the new 
                organization fail to notify the Secretary of the 
                reassignment in accordance with subparagraph (A), the 
                easement shall revert to the control of the 
                Secretary.''.

[[Page 116 STAT. 263]]

                 Subtitle F--Other Conservation Programs

SEC. 2501. AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE.

    Section 524 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1524) is 
amended by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Agricultural Management Assistance.--
            ``(1) Authority.--The Secretary shall provide financial 
        assistance to producers in the States of Connecticut, Delaware, 
        Maryland, Massachusetts, Maine, Nevada, New Hampshire, New 
        Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont, 
        West Virginia, and Wyoming.
            ``(2) Uses.--A producer may use financial assistance 
        provided under this subsection to--
                    ``(A) construct or improve--
                          ``(i) watershed management structures; or
                          ``(ii) irrigation structures;
                    ``(B) plant trees to form windbreaks or to improve 
                water quality;
                    ``(C) mitigate financial risk through production or 
                marketing diversification or resource conservation 
                practices, including--
                          ``(i) soil erosion control;
                          ``(ii) integrated pest management;
                          ``(iii) organic farming; or
                          ``(iv) to develop and implement a plan to 
                      create marketing opportunities for the producer, 
                      including through value-added processing;
                    ``(D) enter into futures, hedging, or options 
                contracts in a manner designed to help reduce 
                production, price, or revenue risk;
                    ``(E) enter into agricultural trade options as a 
                hedging transaction to reduce production, price, or 
                revenue risk; or
                    ``(F) conduct any other activity relating to an 
                activity described in subparagraphs (A) through (E), as 
                determined by the Secretary.
            ``(3) Payment limitation.--The total amount of payments made 
        to a person (as defined in section 1001(5) of the Food Security 
        Act (7 U.S.C. 1308(5))) under this subsection for any year may 
        not exceed $50,000.
            ``(4) Commodity credit corporation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out 
                this subsection through the Commodity Credit 
                Corporation.
                    ``(B) Funding.--
                          ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                      clause (ii), the Commodity Credit Corporation 
                      shall make available to carry out this subsection 
                      not less than $10,000,000 for each fiscal year.
                          ``(ii) Exception.--For each of fiscal years 
                      2003 through 2007, the Commodity Credit 
                      Corporation shall make available to carry out this 
                      subsection $20,000,000.''.

[[Page 116 STAT. 264]]


SEC. 2502. GRAZING, WILDLIFE HABITAT INCENTIVE, SOURCE WATER PROTECTION, 
            AND GREAT LAKES BASIN PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 5 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food 
Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3839bb et seq.) is amended to read as 
follows:

                ``CHAPTER 5--OTHER CONSERVATION PROGRAMS

``SEC. 1240M. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839bb.>> CONSERVATION OF PRIVATE GRAZING 
            LAND.

    ``(a) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to authorize the 
Secretary to provide a coordinated technical, educational, and related 
assistance program to conserve and enhance private grazing land 
resources and provide related benefits to all citizens of the United 
States by--
            ``(1) establishing a coordinated and cooperative Federal, 
        State, and local grazing conservation program for management of 
        private grazing land;
            ``(2) strengthening technical, educational, and related 
        assistance programs that provide assistance to owners and 
        managers of private grazing land;
            ``(3) conserving and improving wildlife habitat on private 
        grazing land;
            ``(4) conserving and improving fish habitat and aquatic 
        systems through grazing land conservation treatment;
            ``(5) protecting and improving water quality;
            ``(6) improving the dependability and consistency of water 
        supplies;
            ``(7) identifying and managing weed, noxious weed, and brush 
        encroachment problems on private grazing land; and
            ``(8) integrating conservation planning and management 
        decisions by owners and managers of private grazing land, on a 
        voluntary basis.

    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Department.--The term `Department' means the 
        Department of Agriculture.
            ``(2) Private grazing land.--The term `private grazing land' 
        means private, State-owned, tribally-owned, and any other non-
        federally owned rangeland, pastureland, grazed forest land, and 
        hay land.
            ``(3) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.

    ``(c) Private Grazing Land Conservation Assistance.--
            ``(1) Assistance to grazing landowners and others.--Subject 
        to the availability of appropriations for this section, the 
        Secretary shall establish a voluntary program to provide 
        technical, educational, and related assistance to owners and 
        managers of private grazing land and public agencies, through 
        local conservation districts, to enable the landowners, 
        managers, and public agencies to voluntarily carry out 
        activities that are consistent with this section, including--
                    ``(A) maintaining and improving private grazing land 
                and the multiple values and uses that depend on private 
                grazing land;
                    ``(B) implementing grazing land management 
                technologies;
                    ``(C) managing resources on private grazing land, 
                including--

[[Page 116 STAT. 265]]

                          ``(i) planning, managing, and treating private 
                      grazing land resources;
                          ``(ii) ensuring the long-term sustainability 
                      of private grazing land resources;
                          ``(iii) harvesting, processing, and marketing 
                      private grazing land resources; and
                          ``(iv) identifying and managing weed, noxious 
                      weed, and brush encroachment problems;
                    ``(D) protecting and improving the quality and 
                quantity of water yields from private grazing land;
                    ``(E) maintaining and improving wildlife and fish 
                habitat on private grazing land;
                    ``(F) enhancing recreational opportunities on 
                private grazing land;
                    ``(G) maintaining and improving the aesthetic 
                character of private grazing land;
                    ``(H) identifying the opportunities and encouraging 
                the diversification of private grazing land enterprises; 
                and
                    ``(I) encouraging the use of sustainable grazing 
                systems, such as year-round, rotational, or managed 
                grazing.
            ``(2) Program elements.--
                    ``(A) Funding.--If funding is provided to carry out 
                this section, it shall be provided through a specific 
                line-item in the annual appropriations for the Natural 
                Resources Conservation Service.
                    ``(B) Technical assistance and education.--Personnel 
                of the Department trained in pasture and range 
                management shall be made available under the program to 
                deliver and coordinate technical assistance and 
                education to owners and managers of private grazing 
                land, at the request of the owners and managers.

    ``(d) Grazing Technical Assistance Self-Help.--
            ``(1) Findings.--Congress finds that--
                    ``(A) there is a severe lack of technical assistance 
                for farmers and ranchers that graze livestock;
                    ``(B) Federal budgetary constraints preclude any 
                significant expansion, and may force a reduction of, 
                current levels of technical support; and
                    ``(C) farmers and ranchers have a history of 
                cooperatively working together to address common needs 
                in the promotion of their products and in the drainage 
                of wet areas through drainage districts.
            ``(2) Establishment of grazing demonstration.--In accordance 
        with paragraph (3), the Secretary may establish 2 grazing 
        management demonstration districts at the recommendation of the 
        grazing land conservation initiative steering committee.
            ``(3) Procedure.--
                    ``(A) Proposal.--Within a reasonable time after the 
                submission of a request of an organization of farmers or 
                ranchers engaged in grazing, the Secretary shall propose 
                that a grazing management district be established.
                    ``(B) Funding.--The terms and conditions of the 
                funding and operation of the grazing management district 
                shall be proposed by the producers.
                    ``(C) Approval.--The Secretary shall approve the 
                proposal if the Secretary determines that the proposal--

[[Page 116 STAT. 266]]

                          ``(i) is reasonable;
                          ``(ii) will promote sound grazing practices; 
                      and
                          ``(iii) contains provisions similar to the 
                      provisions contained in the beef promotion and 
                      research order issued under section 4 of the Beef 
                      Research and Information Act (7 U.S.C. 2903) in 
                      effect on April 4, 1996.
                    ``(D) Area included.--The area proposed to be 
                included in a grazing management district shall be 
                determined by the Secretary on the basis of an 
                application by farmers or ranchers.
                    ``(E) Authorization.--The Secretary may use 
                authority under the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 
                U.S.C. 601 et seq.), reenacted with amendments by the 
                Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, to 
                operate, on a demonstration basis, a grazing management 
                district.
                    ``(F) Activities.--The activities of a grazing 
                management district shall be scientifically sound 
                activities, as determined by the Secretary in 
                consultation with a technical advisory committee 
                composed of ranchers, farmers, and technical experts.

    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $60,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2002 through 2007.

``SEC. 1240N. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839bb-1.>>  WILDLIFE HABITAT INCENTIVE 
            PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The <<NOTE: Establishment.>> Secretary, in 
consultation with the State technical committees established under 
section 1261, shall establish within the Natural Resources Conservation 
Service a program to be known as the wildlife habitat incentive program 
(referred to in this section as the `program').

    ``(b) Cost-Share Payments.--
            ``(1) In general.--Under the program, the Secretary shall 
        make cost-share payments to landowners to develop--
                    ``(A) upland wildlife habitat;
                    ``(B) wetland wildlife habitat;
                    ``(C) habitat for threatened and endangered species;
                    ``(D) fish habitat; and
                    ``(E) other types of wildlife habitat approved by 
                the Secretary.
            ``(2) Increased cost share for long-term agreements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In a case in which the Secretary 
                enters into an agreement or contract to protect and 
                restore plant and animal habitat that has a term of at 
                least 15 years, the Secretary may provide cost-share 
                payments in addition to amounts provided under paragraph 
                (1).
                    ``(B) Funding limitation.--The Secretary may use, 
                for a fiscal year, not more than 15 percent of funds 
                made available under section 1241(a)(7) for the fiscal 
                year to carry out contracts and agreements described in 
                subparagraph (A).

    ``(c) Regional Equity.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure that regional issues of 
concern relating to wildlife habitat are addressed in an appropriate 
manner.

[[Page 116 STAT. 267]]

``SEC. 1240O. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839bb-2.>>  GRASSROOTS SOURCE WATER 
            PROTECTION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a national 
grassroots water protection program to more effectively use onsite 
technical assistance capabilities of each State rural water association 
that, as of the date of enactment of this section, operates a wellhead 
or groundwater protection program in the State.
    ``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2002 through 2007.

``SEC. 1240P. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3839bb-3.>> GREAT LAKES BASIN PROGRAM FOR 
            SOIL EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, in consultation with the Great 
Lakes Commission created by Article IV of the Great Lakes Basin Compact 
(82 Stat. 415) and in cooperation with the Administrator of the 
Environmental Protection Agency and the Secretary of the Army, may carry 
out the Great Lakes basin program for soil erosion and sediment control 
(referred to in this section as the `program').
    ``(b) Assistance.--In carrying out the program, the Secretary may--
            ``(1) provide project demonstration grants, provide 
        technical assistance, and carry out information and education 
        programs to improve water quality in the Great Lakes basin by 
        reducing soil erosion and improving sediment control; and
            ``(2) provide a priority for projects and activities that 
        directly reduce soil erosion or improve sediment control.

    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2002 through 2007.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Sections 386 and 387 of the Federal 
Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (16 U.S.C. 2005b, 3836a) 
are repealed.


SEC. 2503. FARMLAND PROTECTION PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 2 of the Food Security Act of 1985 (as 
amended by section 2001) is amended by adding at the end the following:

               ``Subchapter B--Farmland Protection Program

``SEC. 1238H. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838h.>> DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this subchapter:
            ``(1) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) any agency of any State or local government or 
                an Indian tribe (including a farmland protection board 
                or land resource council established under State law); 
                or
                    ``(B) any organization that--
                          ``(i) is organized for, and at all times since 
                      the formation of the organization has been 
                      operated principally for, 1 or more of the 
                      conservation purposes specified in clause (i), 
                      (ii), (iii), or (iv) of section 170(h)(4)(A) of 
                      the Internal Revenue Code of 1986;
                          ``(ii) is an organization described in section 
                      501(c)(3) of that Code that is exempt from 
                      taxation under section 501(a) of that Code;

[[Page 116 STAT. 268]]

                          ``(iii) is described in section 509(a)(2) of 
                      that Code; or
                          ``(iv) is described in section 509(a)(3), and 
                      is controlled by an organization described in 
                      section 509(a)(2), of that Code.
            ``(2) Eligible land.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `eligible land' means 
                land on a farm or ranch that--
                          ``(i)(I) has prime, unique, or other 
                      productive soil; or
                          ``(II) contains historical or archaeological 
                      resources; and
                          ``(ii) is subject to a pending offer for 
                      purchase from an eligible entity.
                    ``(B) Inclusions.--The term `eligible land' 
                includes, on a farm or ranch--
                          ``(i) cropland;
                          ``(ii) rangeland;
                          ``(iii) grassland;
                          ``(iv) pasture land; and
                          ``(v) forest land that is an incidental part 
                      of an agricultural operation, as determined by the 
                      Secretary.
            ``(3) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
        Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b).
            ``(4) Program.--The term `program' means the farmland 
        protection program established under section 1238I(a).

``SEC. 1238I. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838i.>> FARMLAND PROTECTION.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the Natural 
Resources Conservation Service, shall establish and carry out a farmland 
protection program under which the Secretary shall purchase conservation 
easements or other interests in eligible land that is subject to a 
pending offer from an eligible entity for the purpose of protecting 
topsoil by limiting nonagricultural uses of the land.
    ``(b) Conservation Plan.--Any highly erodible cropland for which a 
conservation easement or other interest is purchased under this 
subchapter shall be subject to the requirements of a conservation plan 
that requires, at the option of the Secretary, the conversion of the 
cropland to less intensive uses.
    ``(c) Cost Sharing.--
            ``(1) Farmland protection.--
                    ``(A) Share provided under this subsection.--The 
                share of the cost of purchasing a conservation easement 
                or other interest in eligible land described in 
                subsection (a) provided under section 1241(d) shall not 
                exceed 50 percent of the appraised fair market value of 
                the conservation easement or other interest in eligible 
                land.
                    ``(B) Share not provided under this subsection.--As 
                part of the share of the cost of purchasing a 
                conservation easement or other interest in eligible land 
                described in subsection (a) that is not provided under 
                section 1241(d), an eligible entity may include a 
                charitable donation by the private landowner from which 
                the eligible land is to be purchased of not more than 25 
                percent of the fair

[[Page 116 STAT. 269]]

                market value of the conservation easement or other 
                interest in eligible land.
            ``(2) Bidding down.--If the Secretary determines that 2 or 
        more applications for the purchase of a conservation easement or 
        other interest in eligible land described in subsection (a) are 
        comparable in achieving the purposes of this section, the 
        Secretary shall not assign a higher priority to any 1 of those 
        applications solely on the basis of lesser cost to the farmland 
        protection program established under subsection (a).

``SEC. 1238J. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3838j.>> FARM VIABILITY PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may provide to eligible entities 
identified by the Secretary grants for use in carrying out farm 
viability programs developed by the eligible entities and approved by 
the Secretary.
    ``(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section such sums as are 
necessary for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2007.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) In general.--
                    (A) Section 388 of the Federal Agriculture 
                Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (16 U.S.C. 3830 note; 
                Public Law 104-127) is repealed.
                    (B) Section 211 of the Agriculture Risk Protection 
                Act of 2000 (16 U.S.C. 3830 note; Public Law 106-224) is 
                amended--
                          (i) by striking subsection (a); and
                          (ii) in subsection (b)--
                                    (I) by striking the subsection 
                                designation and the subsection heading;
                                    (II) by redesignating paragraphs 
                                (1), (2), and (3) as subsections (a), 
                                (b), and (c), respectively, and 
                                indenting appropriately;
                                    (III) in subsection (a) (as so 
                                redesignated), by redesignating 
                                subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) as 
                                paragraphs (1), (2), and (3), 
                                respectively, and indenting 
                                appropriately;
                                    (IV) in subsection (b) (as so 
                                redesignated), by striking 
                                ``assistance'' and inserting 
                                ``Assistance''; and
                                    (V) by striking ``subsection'' each 
                                place it appears and inserting 
                                ``section''.
            (2) Effect <<NOTE: 16 USC 3830 note.>>  on contracts.--The 
        amendment made by paragraph (1)(A) shall have no effect on any 
        contract entered into under section 388 of the Federal 
        Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (16 U.S.C. 3830 
        note) that is in effect as of the date of enactment of this Act.

SEC. 2504. RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    Subtitle H of title XV of the Agriculture and Food Act of 1981 (16 
U.S.C. 3451 et seq.) is amended to read as follows:

[[Page 116 STAT. 270]]

       ``Subtitle H--Resource Conservation and Development Program

``SEC. 1528. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3451.>> DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this subtitle:
            ``(1) Area plan.--The term `area plan' means a resource 
        conservation and use plan developed through a planning process 
        by a council for a designated area of 1 or more States, or of 
        land under the jurisdiction of an Indian tribe, that includes 1 
        or more of the following elements:
                    ``(A) A land conservation element, the purpose of 
                which is to control erosion and sedimentation.
                    ``(B) A water management element that provides 1 or 
                more clear environmental or conservation benefits, the 
                purpose of which is to provide for--
                          ``(i) the conservation, use, and quality of 
                      water, including irrigation and rural water 
                      supplies;
                          ``(ii) the mitigation of floods and high water 
                      tables;
                          ``(iii) the repair and improvement of 
                      reservoirs;
                          ``(iv) the improvement of agricultural water 
                      management; and
                          ``(v) the improvement of water quality.
                    ``(C) A community development element, the purpose 
                of which is to improve--
                          ``(i) the development of resources-based 
                      industries;
                          ``(ii) the protection of rural industries from 
                      natural resource hazards;
                          ``(iii) the development of adequate rural 
                      water and waste disposal systems;
                          ``(iv) the improvement of recreation 
                      facilities;
                          ``(v) the improvement in the quality of rural 
                      housing;
                          ``(vi) the provision of adequate health and 
                      education facilities;
                          ``(vii) the satisfaction of essential 
                      transportation and communication needs; and
                          ``(viii) the promotion of food security, 
                      economic development, and education.
                    ``(D) A land management element, the purpose of 
                which is--
                          ``(i) energy conservation, including the 
                      production of energy crops;
                          ``(ii) the protection of agricultural land, as 
                      appropriate, from conversion to other uses;
                          ``(iii) farmland protection; and
                          ``(iv) the protection of fish and wildlife 
                      habitats.
            ``(2) Board.--The term `Board' means the Resource 
        Conservation and Development Policy Advisory Board established 
        under section 1533(a).
            ``(3) Council.--The term `council' means a nonprofit entity 
        (including an affiliate of the entity) operating in a State that 
        is--
                    ``(A) established by volunteers or representatives 
                of States, local units of government, Indian tribes, or 
                local nonprofit organizations to carry out an area plan 
                in a designated area; and

[[Page 116 STAT. 271]]

                    ``(B) designated by the chief executive officer or 
                legislature of the State to receive technical assistance 
                and financial assistance under this subtitle.
            ``(4) Designated area.--The term `designated area' means a 
        geographic area designated by the Secretary to receive technical 
        assistance and financial assistance under this subtitle.
            ``(5) Financial assistance.--The term `financial assistance' 
        means a grant or loan provided by the Secretary (or the 
        Secretary and other Federal agencies) to, or a cooperative 
        agreement entered into by the Secretary (or the Secretary and 
        other Federal agencies) with, a council, or association of 
        councils, to carry out an area plan in a designated area, 
        including assistance provided for planning, analysis, 
        feasibility studies, training, education, and other activities 
        necessary to carry out the area plan.
            ``(6) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian tribe' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
        Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450b).
            ``(7) Local unit of government.--The term `local unit of 
        government' means--
                    ``(A) any county, city, town, township, parish, 
                village, or other general-purpose subdivision of a 
                State; and
                    ``(B) any local or regional special district or 
                other limited political subdivision of a State, 
                including any soil conservation district, school 
                district, park authority, and water or sanitary 
                district.
            ``(8) Nonprofit organization.--The term `nonprofit 
        organization' means any organization that is--
                    ``(A) described in section 501(c) of the Internal 
                Revenue Code of 1986; and
                    ``(B) exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of 
                the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
            ``(9) Planning process.--The term `planning process' means 
        actions taken by a council to develop and carry out an effective 
        area plan in a designated area, including development of the 
        area plan, goals, purposes, policies, implementation activities, 
        evaluations and reviews, and the opportunity for public 
        participation in the actions.
            ``(10) Project.--The term `project' means a project that is 
        carried out by a council to achieve any of the elements of an 
        area plan.
            ``(11) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.
            ``(12) State.--The term `State' means--
                    ``(A) any State;
                    ``(B) the District of Columbia; or
                    ``(C) any territory or possession of the United 
                States.
            ``(13) Technical assistance.--The term `technical 
        assistance' means any service provided by the Secretary or agent 
        of the Secretary, including--
                    ``(A) inventorying, evaluating, planning, designing, 
                supervising, laying out, and inspecting projects;
                    ``(B) providing maps, reports, and other documents 
                associated with the services provided;
                    ``(C) providing assistance for the long-term 
                implementation of area plans; and

[[Page 116 STAT. 272]]

                    ``(D) providing services of an agency of the 
                Department of Agriculture to assist councils in 
                developing and carrying out area plans.

``SEC. 1529. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3452.>> RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND 
            DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    ``The <<NOTE: Establishment.>> Secretary shall establish a resource 
conservation and development program under which the Secretary shall 
provide technical assistance and financial assistance to councils to 
develop and carry out area plans and projects in designated areas--
            ``(1) to conserve and improve the use of land, develop 
        natural resources, and improve and enhance the social, economic, 
        and environmental conditions in primarily rural areas of the 
        United States; and
            ``(2) to encourage and improve the capability of State, 
        units of government, Indian tribes, nonprofit organizations, and 
        councils to carry out the purposes described in paragraph (1).

``SEC. 1530. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3453.>> SELECTION OF DESIGNATED AREAS.

    ``The Secretary shall select designated areas for assistance under 
this subtitle on the basis of the elements of area plans.

``SEC. 1531. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3454.>> POWERS OF THE SECRETARY.

    ``In carrying out this subtitle, the Secretary may--
            ``(1) provide technical assistance to any council to assist 
        in developing and implementing an area plan for a designated 
        area;
            ``(2) cooperate with other departments and agencies of the 
        Federal Government, States, local units of government, local 
        Indian tribes, and local nonprofit organizations in conducting 
        surveys and inventories, disseminating information, and 
        developing area plans;
            ``(3) assist in carrying out an area plan approved by the 
        Secretary for any designated area by providing technical 
        assistance and financial assistance to any council; and
            ``(4) enter into agreements with councils in accordance with 
        section 1532.

``SEC. 1532. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3455.>> ELIGIBILITY; TERMS AND CONDITIONS.

    ``(a) Eligibility.--Technical assistance and financial assistance 
may be provided by the Secretary under this subtitle to any council to 
assist in carrying out a project specified in an area plan approved by 
the Secretary only if--
            ``(1) the council agrees in writing--
                    ``(A) to carry out the project; and
                    ``(B) to finance or arrange for financing of any 
                portion of the cost of carrying out the project for 
                which financial assistance is not provided by the 
                Secretary under this subtitle;
            ``(2) the project is included in an area plan and is 
        approved by the council;
            ``(3) the Secretary determines that assistance is necessary 
        to carry out the area plan;
            ``(4) the project provided for in the area plan is 
        consistent with any comprehensive plan for the area;
            ``(5) the cost of the land or an interest in the land 
        acquired or to be acquired under the plan by any State, local 
        unit of government, Indian tribe, or local nonprofit 
        organization

[[Page 116 STAT. 273]]

        is borne by the State, local unit of government, Indian tribe, 
        or local nonprofit organization, respectively; and
            ``(6) the State, local unit of government, Indian tribe, or 
        local nonprofit organization participating in the area plan 
        agrees to maintain and operate the project.

    ``(b) Loans.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), a loan 
        made under this subtitle shall be made on such terms and 
        conditions as the Secretary may prescribe.
            ``(2) Term.--A loan for a project made under this subtitle 
        shall have a term of not more than 30 years after the date of 
        completion of the project.
            ``(3) Interest rate.--A loan made under this subtitle shall 
        bear interest at the average rate of interest paid by the United 
        States on obligations of a comparable term, as determined by the 
        Secretary of the Treasury.

    ``(c) Approval by Secretary.--Technical assistance and financial 
assistance under this subtitle may not be made available to a council to 
carry out an area plan unless the area plan has been submitted to and 
approved by the Secretary.
    ``(d) Withdrawal.--The Secretary may withdraw technical assistance 
and financial assistance with respect to any area plan if the Secretary 
determines that the assistance is no longer necessary or that sufficient 
progress has not been made toward developing or implementing the 
elements of the area plan.

``SEC. 1533. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3456.>>  RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND 
            DEVELOPMENT POLICY ADVISORY BOARD.

    ``(a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
Department of Agriculture a Resource Conservation and Development Policy 
Advisory Board.
    ``(b) Composition.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Board shall be composed of at least 7 
        employees of the Department of Agriculture selected by the 
        Secretary.
            ``(2) Chairperson.--A member of the Board shall be 
        designated by the Secretary to serve as chairperson of the 
        Board.

    ``(c) Duties.--The Board shall advise the Secretary regarding the 
administration of this subtitle, including the formulation of policies 
for carrying out this subtitle.

``SEC. 1534. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3457.>> EVALUATION OF PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, in consultation with councils, 
shall evaluate the program established under this subtitle to determine 
whether the program is effectively meeting the needs of, and the 
purposes identified by, States, units of government, Indian tribes, 
nonprofit organizations, and councils participating in, or served by, 
the program.
    ``(b) Report.--Not <<NOTE: Deadline.>> later than June 30, 2005, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
Forestry of the Senate a report describing the results of the 
evaluation, together with any recommendations of the Secretary for 
continuing, terminating, or modifying the program.

[[Page 116 STAT. 274]]

``SEC. 1535. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3458.>> LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE.

    ``In carrying out this subtitle, the Secretary shall provide 
technical assistance and financial assistance with respect to not more 
than 450 active designated areas.

``SEC. 1536. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3459.>> SUPPLEMENTAL AUTHORITY OF THE 
            SECRETARY.

    ``The authority of the Secretary under this subtitle to assist 
councils in the development and implementation of area plans shall be 
supplemental to, and not in lieu of, any authority of the Secretary 
under any other provision of law.

``SEC. 1537. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3460.>> AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--There are authorized to be such sums as are 
necessary to carry out this subtitle.
    ``(b) Loans.--The Secretary shall not use more than $15,000,000 of 
any funds made available for a fiscal year to make loans under this 
subtitle.
    ``(c) Availability.--Funds appropriated to carry out this subtitle 
shall remain available until expended.''.

SEC. 2505. SMALL WATERSHED REHABILITATION PROGRAM.

    Section 14 of the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act (16 
U.S.C. 1012) is amended by striking subsection (h) and inserting the 
following:
    ``(h) Funding.--
            ``(1) Funds of commodity credit corporation.--In carrying 
        out this section, of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
        Corporation, the Secretary shall make available, to remain 
        available until expended--
                    ``(A) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2003;
                    ``(B) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2004;
                    ``(C) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2005;
                    ``(D) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2006;
                    ``(E) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and
                    ``(F) $0 for fiscal year 2008.
            ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--In addition to 
        amounts made available under paragraph (1), there are authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section, 
        to remain available until expended--
                    ``(A) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2003;
                    ``(B) $55,000,000 for fiscal year 2004;
                    ``(C) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2005;
                    ``(D) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2006; and
                    ``(E) $85,000,000 for fiscal year 2007.''.

SEC. 2506. USE OF SYMBOLS, SLOGANS, AND LOGOS.

    Section 356 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement Act of 1996 (16 
U.S.C. <<NOTE: 16 USC 5805.>>  5801 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (4) through (7) as 
                paragraphs (5) through (8), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) on the written approval of the Secretary, to use, 
        license, or transfer symbols, slogans, and logos of the 
        Foundation (exclusive of any symbol or logo of a governmental 
        entity);''; and
            (2) in subsection (d), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Use of symbols, slogans, and logos of the 
        foundation.--

[[Page 116 STAT. 275]]

                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary may authorize the 
                Foundation to use, license, or transfer symbols, 
                slogans, and logos of the Foundation.
                    ``(B) Income.--
                          ``(i) In general.--All revenue received by the 
                      Foundation from the use, licensing, or transfer of 
                      symbols, slogans, and logos of the Foundation 
                      shall be transferred to the Secretary.
                          ``(ii) Conservation operations.--The Secretary 
                      shall transfer all revenue received under clause 
                      (i) to the account within the Natural Resources 
                      Conservation Service that is used to carry out 
                      conservation operations.''.

SEC. 2507. <<NOTE: 43 USC 2211 note.>>  DESERT TERMINAL LAKES.

    ``(a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b), as soon as practicable 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture 
shall transfer $200,000,000 of the funds of the Commodity Credit 
Corporation to the Bureau of Reclamation Water and Related Resources 
Account, which funds shall--
            ``(1) be used by the Secretary of the Interior, acting 
        through the Commissioner of Reclamation, to provide water to at-
        risk natural desert terminal lakes; and
            ``(2) remain available until expended.

    ``(b) Limitation.--The funds described in subsection (a) shall not 
be used to purchase or lease water rights.

         Subtitle G--Conservation Corridor Demonstration Program

SEC. 2601. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3801 note.>> DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Delmarva peninsula.--The term ``Delmarva Peninsula'' 
        means land in the States of Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia 
        located on the east side of the Chesapeake Bay.
            (2) Demonstration program.--The term ``demonstration 
        program'' means the Conservation Corridor Demonstration Program 
        established under this subtitle.
            (3) Conservation corridor plan; plan.--The terms 
        ``conservation corridor plan'' and ``plan'' mean a conservation 
        corridor plan required to be submitted and approved as a 
        condition for participation in the demonstration program.
            (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Agriculture.

SEC. 2602. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3801 note.>> CONSERVATION CORRIDOR 
            DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.

    (a) Establishment.--The Secretary shall carry out a demonstration 
program, to be known as the ``Conservation Corridor Demonstration 
Program'', under which any of the States of Delaware, Maryland, and 
Virginia, a local government of any 1 of those States with jurisdiction 
over land on the Delmarva Peninsula, or a combination of those States, 
may submit a conservation corridor plan to integrate agriculture and 
forestry conservation programs of the Department of Agriculture with 
State and local efforts to address farm conservation needs.
    (b) Submission of Conservation Corridor Plan.--

[[Page 116 STAT. 276]]

            (1) Submission and proposal.--To be eligible to participate 
        in the demonstration program, a State, local government, or 
        combination of States referred to in subsection (a) shall--
                    (A) submit to the Secretary a conservation corridor 
                plan that--
                          (i) proposes specific criteria and commitment 
                      of resources in the geographic region designated 
                      in the plan; and
                          (ii) describes how the linkage of Federal, 
                      State, and local resources will improve--
                                    (I) the economic viability of 
                                agriculture; and
                                    (II) the environmental integrity of 
                                the watersheds in the Delmarva 
                                Peninsula; and
                    (B) demonstrate to the Secretary that, in developing 
                the plan, the State, local government, or combination of 
                States has solicited and taken into account the views of 
                local residents.
            (2) Draft memorandum of agreement.--If the conservation 
        corridor plan is submitted by more than 1 State, the plan shall 
        provide a draft memorandum of agreement among entities in each 
        submitting State.

    (c) Review <<NOTE: Deadline.>> of Plan.--Not later than 90 days 
after the date of receipt of a conservation corridor plan, the 
Secretary--
            (1) shall review the plan; and
            (2) may approve the plan for implementation under this 
        subtitle if the Secretary determines that the plan meets the 
        requirements specified in subsection (d).

    (d) Criteria for Approval.--The Secretary may approve a conservation 
corridor plan only if, as determined by the Secretary, the plan provides 
for each of the following:
            (1) Voluntary actions.--Actions taken under the plan--
                    (A) are voluntary;
                    (B) require the consent of willing landowners; and
                    (C) provide a mechanism by which the landowner may 
                withdraw such consent without adverse consequences other 
                than the loss of any payments to the landowner 
                conditioned on continued enrollment of the land.
            (2) Land of high conservation value.--Criteria specified in 
        the plan ensure that land enrolled in each conservation program 
        incorporated through the plan are of exceptionally high 
        conservation value, as determined by the Secretary.
            (3) No effect on unenrolled land.--The enrollment of land in 
        a conservation program incorporated through the plan will 
        neither--
                    (A) adversely affect any adjacent land not so 
                enrolled; nor
                    (B) create any buffer zone on such unenrolled land.
            (4) Greater benefits.--The conservation programs 
        incorporated through the plan provide benefits greater than the 
        benefits that would likely be achieved through individual 
        application of the conservation programs.
            (5) Sufficient staffing.--Staffing, considering both Federal 
        and non-Federal resources, is sufficient to ensure success of 
        the plan.

[[Page 116 STAT. 277]]

SEC. 2603. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3801 note.>>  IMPLEMENTATION OF CONSERVATION 
            CORRIDOR PLAN.

    (a) Memorandum of Agreement.--On approval of a conservation corridor 
plan, the Secretary may enter into a memorandum of agreement with the 
State, local government, or combination of States that submitted the 
plan to--
            (1) guarantee specific program resources for implementation 
        of the plan;
            (2) establish various compensation rates to the extent that 
        the parties to the agreement consider justified; and
            (3) provide streamlined and integrated paperwork 
        requirements.

    (b) Continued Compliance With Plan Approval Criteria.--The Secretary 
shall terminate the memorandum of agreement entered into under 
subsection (a) with respect to an approved conservation corridor plan 
and cease the provision of resources for implementation of the plan if 
the Secretary determines that, in the implementation of the plan--
            (1) the State, local government, or combination of States 
        that submitted the plan has deviated from--
                    (A) the plan;
                    (B) the criteria specified in section 2602(d) on 
                which approval of the plan was conditioned; or
                    (C) the cost-sharing requirements of section 2604(a) 
                or any other condition of the plan; or
            (2) the economic viability of agriculture in the geographic 
        region designated in the plan is being hindered.

    (c) Progress Report.--At the end of the 3-year period that begins on 
the date on which funds are first provided with respect to a 
conservation corridor plan under the demonstration program, the State, 
local government, or combination of States that submitted the plan shall 
submit to the Secretary--
            (1) a report on the effectiveness of the activities carried 
        out under the plan; and
            (2) an evaluation of the economic viability of agriculture 
        in the geographic region designated in the plan.

    (d) Duration.--The demonstration program shall be carried out for 
not less than 3 nor more than 5 years beginning on the date on which 
funds are first provided under the demonstration program.

SEC. 2604. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3801 note.>> FUNDING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Cost Sharing.--
            (1) Required non-federal share.--Subject to paragraph (2), 
        as a condition on the approval of a conservation corridor plan, 
        the Secretary shall require the State and local participants to 
        contribute financial resources sufficient to cover at least 50 
        percent of the total cost of the activities carried out under 
        the plan.
            (2) Exception.--The Secretary may reduce the cost-sharing 
        requirement in the case of a specific project or activity under 
        the demonstration program on good cause and on demonstration 
        that the project or activity is likely to achieve extraordinary 
        natural resource benefits.

    (b) Reservation of Funds.--The Secretary may consider directing 
funds on a priority basis to the demonstration program and to projects 
in areas identified by the plan.

[[Page 116 STAT. 278]]

    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this subtitle for 
each of fiscal years 2002 through 2007.


                 Subtitle H--Funding and Administration

SEC. 2701. FUNDING AND ADMINISTRATION.

    Subtitle E of the Food Security Act of 1985 is amended by striking 
sections 1241 and 1242 (16 U.S.C. 3841, 3842) and inserting the 
following:

``SEC. 1241. <<NOTE: 16 USC 3841.>> COMMODITY CREDIT CORPORATION.

    ``(a) In General.--For each of fiscal years 2002 through 2007, the 
Secretary shall use the funds, facilities, and authorities of the 
Commodity Credit Corporation to carry out the following programs under 
subtitle D (including the provision of technical assistance):
            ``(1) The conservation reserve program under subchapter B of 
        chapter 1.
            ``(2) The wetlands reserve program under subchapter C of 
        chapter 1.
            ``(3) The conservation security program under subchapter A 
        of chapter 2.
            ``(4) The farmland protection program under subchapter B of 
        chapter 2, using, to the maximum extent practicable--
                    ``(A) $50,000,000 in fiscal year 2002;
                    ``(B) $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2003;
                    ``(C) $125,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2004 and 
                2005;
                    ``(D) $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2006; and
                    ``(E) $97,000,000 in fiscal year 2007.
            ``(5) The grassland reserve program under subchapter C of 
        chapter 2, using, to the maximum extent practicable $254,000,000 
        for the period of fiscal years 2003 through 2007.
            ``(6) The environmental quality incentives program under 
        chapter 4, using, to the maximum extent practicable--
                    ``(A) $400,000,000 in fiscal year 2002;
                    ``(B) $700,000,000 in fiscal year 2003;
                    ``(C) $1,000,000,000 in fiscal year 2004;
                    ``(D) $1,200,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2005 
                and 2006; and
                    ``(E) $1,300,000,000 in fiscal year 2007.
            ``(7) The wildlife habitat incentives program under section 
        1240N, using, to the maximum extent practicable--
                    ``(A) $15,000,000 in fiscal year 2002;
                    ``(B) $30,000,000 in fiscal year 2003;
                    ``(C) $60,000,000 in fiscal year 2004; and
                    ``(D) $85,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2005 
                through 2007.

    ``(b) Section 11.--Nothing in this section affects the limit on 
expenditures for technical assistance imposed by section 11 of the 
Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act (15 U.S.C. 714i).
    ``(c) Regional Equity.-